ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/161222 |
Resumo: | The discovery of the gravitational-wave (GW) source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black hole (BH) systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the universe. Such BH mergers have been predicted in two main types of formation models, involving isolated binaries in galactic fields or dynamical interactions in young and old dense stellar environments. The measured masses robustly demonstrate that relatively heavy BHs (greater than or similar to 25M(circle dot)) can form in nature. This discovery implies relatively weak massive-star winds and thus the formation of GW150914 in an environment with a metallicity lower than about 1/2 of the solar value. The rate of binary-BH (BBH) mergers inferred from the observation of GW150914 is consistent with the higher end of rate predictions (greater than or similar to 1 Gpc(-3) yr(-1)) from both types of formation models. The low measured redshift (z similar or equal to 0.1) of GW150914 and the low inferred metallicity of the stellar progenitor imply either BBH formation in a low-mass galaxy in the local universe and a prompt merger, or formation at high redshift with a time delay between formation and merger of several Gyr. This discovery motivates further studies of binary-BH formation astrophysics. It also has implications for future detections and studies by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, and GW detectors in space. |
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ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914gravitational wavesstars: black holesstars: massiveThe discovery of the gravitational-wave (GW) source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black hole (BH) systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the universe. Such BH mergers have been predicted in two main types of formation models, involving isolated binaries in galactic fields or dynamical interactions in young and old dense stellar environments. The measured masses robustly demonstrate that relatively heavy BHs (greater than or similar to 25M(circle dot)) can form in nature. This discovery implies relatively weak massive-star winds and thus the formation of GW150914 in an environment with a metallicity lower than about 1/2 of the solar value. The rate of binary-BH (BBH) mergers inferred from the observation of GW150914 is consistent with the higher end of rate predictions (greater than or similar to 1 Gpc(-3) yr(-1)) from both types of formation models. The low measured redshift (z similar or equal to 0.1) of GW150914 and the low inferred metallicity of the stellar progenitor imply either BBH formation in a low-mass galaxy in the local universe and a prompt merger, or formation at high redshift with a time delay between formation and merger of several Gyr. This discovery motivates further studies of binary-BH formation astrophysics. 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Economic Development and InnovationNational Science and Engineering Research Council CanadaBrazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and InnovationLeverhulme TrustResearch Corporation, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), TaiwanKavli FoundationNSFSTFCMPSINFNCNRSScience and Technology Facilities CouncilCALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USALouisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USAUniv Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, I-80126 Naples, ItalyUniv Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USALIGO Livingston Observ, Livingston, LA 70754 USAUniv Savoie Mt Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, FranceMax Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, GermanyNikhef, Sci Pk, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, NetherlandsMIT, LIGO, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAInst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Gran Sasso Sci Inst, I-67100 Laquila, ItalyIst Nazl 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B.Karki, S.Kasprzack, M.Katsavounidis, E.Katzman, W.Kaufer, S.Kaur, T.Kawabe, K.Kawazoe, F.Kefelian, F.Kehl, M. S.Keitel, D.Kelley, D. B.Kells, W.Kennedy, R.Key, J. S.Khalaidovski, A.Khalili, F. Y.Khan, I.Khan, S.Khan, Z.Khazanov, E. A.Kijbunchoo, N.Kim, C.Kim, J.Kim, K.Kim, Nam-GyuKim, NamjunKim, Y-MKing, E. J.King, P. J.Kinzel, D. L.Kissel, J. S.Kleybolte, L.Klimenko, S.Koehlenbeck, S. M.Kokeyama, K.Koley, S.Kondrashov, V.Kontos, A.Korobko, M.Korth, W. Z.Kowalska, I.Kozak, D. B.Kringel, V.Krishnan, B.Krolak, A.Krueger, C.Kuehn, G.Kumar, P.Kuo, L.Kutynia, A.Lackey, B. D.Landry, M.Lange, J.Lantz, B.Lasky, P. D.Lazzarini, A.Lazzaro, C.Leaci, P.Leavey, S.Lebigot, E. O.Lee, C. H.Lee, H. K.Lee, H. M.Lee, K.Lenon, A.Leonardi, M.Leong, J. R.Leroy, N.Letendre, N.Levin, Y.Levine, B. M.Li, T. G. F.Libson, A.Littenberg, T. B.Lockerbie, N. A.Logue, J.Lombardi, A. L.Lord, J. E.Lorenzini, M.Loriette, V.Lormand, M.Losurdo, G.Lough, J. D.Lueck, H.Lundgren, A. 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L.Pedraza, M.Pedurand, R.Pekowsky, L.Pele, A.Penn, S.Perreca, A.Phelps, M.Piccinni, O.Pichot, M.Piergiovanni, F.Pierro, V.Pillant, G.Pinard, L.Pinto, I. M.Pitkin, M.Poggiani, R.Popolizio, P.Post, A.Powell, J.Prasad, J.Predoi, V.Premachandra, S. S.Prestegard, T.Price, L. R.Prijatelj, M.Principe, M.Privitera, S.Prix, R.Prodi, G. A.Prokhorov, L.Puncken, O.Punturo, M.Puppo, P.Puerrer, M.Qi, H.Qin, J.Quetschke, V.Quintero, E. A.Quitzow-James, R.Raab, F. J.Rabeling, D. S.Radkins, H.Raffai, P.Raja, S.Rakhmanov, M.Rapagnani, P.Raymond, V.Razzano, M.Re, V.Read, J.Reed, C. M.Regimbau, T.Rei, L.Reid, S.Reitze, D. H.Rew, H.Reyes, S. D.Ricci, F.Riles, K.Robertson, N. A.Robie, R.Robinet, F.Rocchi, A.Rolland, L.Rollins, J. G.Roma, V. J.Romano, J. D.Romano, R.Romanov, G.Romie, J. H.RosiNska, D.Rowan, S.Ruediger, A.Ruggi, P.Ryan, K.Sachdev, S.Sadecki, T.Sadeghian, L.Salconi, L.Saleem, M.Salemi, F.Samajdar, A.Sammut, L.Sanchez, E. J.Sandberg, V.Sandeen, B.Sanders, J. R.Sassolas, B.Sathyaprakash, S.Saulson, P. R.Sauter, O.Savage, R. L.Sawadsky, A.Schale, P.Schilling, R.Schmidt, J.Schmidt, P.Schnabel, R.Schofield, R. M. S.Schoenbeck, A.Schreiber, E.Schuette, D.Schutz, B. F.Scott, J.Scott, S. M.Sellers, D.Sentenac, D.Sequino, V.Sergeev, A.Serna, G.Setyawati, Y.Sevigny, A.Shaddock, D. A.Shah, S.Shahriar, M. S.Shaltev, M.Shao, Z.Shapiro, B.Shawhan, P.Sheperd, A.Shoemaker, D. H.Shoemaker, D. M.Siellez, K.Siemens, X.Sigg, D.Silva, A. D.Simakov, D.Singer, A.Singer, L. P.Singh, A.Singh, R.Singhal, A.Sintes, A. M.Slagmolen, B. J. J.Smith, J. R.Smith, N. D.Smith, R. J. E.Son, E. J.Sorazu, B.Sorrentino, F.Souradeep, T.Srivastava, A. K.Staley, A.Steinke, M.Steinlechner, J.Steinlechner, S.Steinmeyer, D.Stephens, B. C.Stevenson, S. P.Stone, R.Strain, K. A.Straniero, N.Stratta, G.Strauss, N. A.Strigin, S.Sturani, R. [UNESP]Stuver, A. L.Summerscales, T. Z.Sun, L.Sutton, P. J.Swinkels, B. L.Szczepanczyk, M. J.Tacca, M.Talukder, D.Tanner, D. B.Tapai, M.Tarabrin, S. P.Taracchini, A.Taylor, R.Theeg, T.Thirugnanasambandam, M. P.Thomas, E. G.Thomas, M.Thomas, P.Thorne, K. A.Thorne, K. S.Thrane, E.Tiwari, S.Tiwari, V.Tokmakov, K. V.Tomlinson, C.Tonelli, M.Torres, C. V.Torrie, C. I.Toyra, D.Travasso, F.Traylor, G.Trifir, D.Tringali, M. C.Trozzo, L.Tse, M.Turconi, M.Tuyenbayev, D.Ugolini, D.Unnikrishnan, C. S.Urban, A. L.Usman, S. A.Vahlbruch, H.Vajente, G.Valdes, G.Van Bakel, N.Van Beuzekom, M.Van den Brand, J. F. J.Van den Broeck, C.Vander-Hyde, D. C.Van der Schaaf, L.Van Heijningen, J. V.Van Veggel, A. A.Vardaro, M.Vass, S.Vasuth, M.Vaulin, R.Vecchio, A.Vedovato, G.Veitch, J.Veitch, P. J.Venkateswara, K.Verkindt, D.Vetrano, F.Vicere, A.Vinciguerra, S.Vine, D. J.Vinet, J-YVitale, S.Vo, T.Vocca, H.Vorvick, C.Voss, D.Vousden, W. D.Vyatchanin, S. P.Wade, A. R.Wade, L. E.Wade, M.Walker, M.Wallace, L.Walsh, S.Wang, G.Wang, H.Wang, M.Wang, X.Wang, Y.Ward, R. L.Warner, J.Was, M.Weaver, B.Wei, L-WWeinert, M.Weinstein, A. J.Weiss, R.Welborn, T.Wen, L.Wessels, P.Westphal, T.Wette, K.Whelan, J. T.White, D. J.Whiting, B. F.Williams, R. D.Williamson, A. R.Willis, J. L.Willke, B.Wimmer, M. H.Winkler, W.Wipf, C. C.Wittel, H.Woan, G.Worden, J.Wright, J. L.Wu, G.Yablon, J.Yam, W.Yamamoto, H.Yancey, C. C.Yap, M. J.Yu, H.Yvert, M.Zadrozny, A.Zangrando, L.Zanolin, M.Zendri, J-PZevin, M.Zhang, F.Zhang, L.Zhang, M.Zhang, Y.Zhao, C.Zhou, M.Zhou, Z.Zhu, X. J.Zucker, M. E.Zuraw, S. E.Zweizig, J.Ligo Sci CollaborationVirgo Collaboration2018-11-26T16:24:58Z2018-11-26T16:24:58Z2016-02-20info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article15application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22Astrophysical Journal Letters. Bristol: Iop Publishing Ltd, v. 818, n. 2, 15 p., 2016.2041-8205http://hdl.handle.net/11449/16122210.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22WOS:000370444800001WOS000370444800001.pdf97564145500755650000-0001-9038-2951Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengAstrophysical Journal Letters3,186info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-12-19T06:22:59Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/161222Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T20:45:43.990696Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
title |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
spellingShingle |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 Abbott, B. P. gravitational waves stars: black holes stars: massive |
title_short |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
title_full |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
title_fullStr |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
title_full_unstemmed |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
title_sort |
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914 |
author |
Abbott, B. P. |
author_facet |
Abbott, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abernathy, M. R. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adams, C. Adams, T. Addesso, P. Adhikari, R. X. Adya, V. B. Affeldt, C. Agathos, M. Agatsuma, K. Aggarwal, N. Aguiar, O. D. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allocca, A. Altin, P. A. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Arai, K. Araya, M. C. Arceneaux, C. C. Areeda, J. S. Arnaud, N. Arun, K. G. Ascenzi, S. Ashton, G. Ast, M. Aston, S. M. Astone, P. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Bacon, P. Bader, M. K. M. Baker, P. T. Baldaccini, F. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S. W. Barayoga, J. C. Barclay, S. E. Barish, B. C. Barker, D. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartlett, J. Bartos, I. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Batch, J. C. Baune, C. Bavigadda, V. Bazzan, M. Behnke, B. Bejger, M. Belczynski, C. Bell, A. S. Bell, C. J. Berger, B. K. Bergman, J. Bergmann, G. Berry, C. P. L. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Bhagwat, S. Bhandare, R. Bilenko, I. A. Billingsley, G. Birch, J. Birney, R. Biscans, S. Bisht, A. Bitossi, M. Biwer, C. Bizouard, M. A. Blackburn, J. K. Blair, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Bloemen, S. Bock, O. Bodiya, T. P. Boer, M. Bogaert, G. Bogan, C. Bohe, A. Bojtos, P. Bond, C. Bondu, F. Bonnand, R. Boom, B. A. Bork, R. Boschi, V. Bose, S. Bouffanais, Y. Bozzi, A. Bradaschia, C. Brady, P. R. Braginsky, V. B. Branchesi, M. Brau, J. E. Briant, T. Brillet, A. Brinkmann, M. Brisson, V. Brockill, P. Brooks, A. F. Brown, D. A. Brown, D. D. Brown, N. M. Buchanan, C. C. Buikema, A. Bulik, T. Bulten, H. J. Buonanno, A. Buskulic, D. Buy, C. Byer, R. L. Cadonati, L. Cagnoli, G. Cahillane, C. Bustillo, J. Calderon Callister, T. Calloni, E. Camp, J. B. Cannon, K. C. Cao, J. Capano, C. D. Capocasa, E. Carbognani, F. Caride, S. Diaz, J. Casanueva Casentini, C. Caudill, S. Cavaglia, M. Cavalier, F. Cavalieri, R. Cella, G. Cepeda, C. Baiardi, L. Cerboni Cerretani, G. Cesarini, E. Chakraborty, R. Chalermsongsak, T. Chamberlin, S. J. Chan, M. Chao, S. Charlton, P. Chassande-Mottin, E. Chen, H. Y. Chen, Y. Cheng, C. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, A. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Chow, J. H. Christensen, N. Chu, Q. Chua, S. Chung, S. Ciani, G. Clara, F. Clark, J. A. Cleva, F. Coccia, E. Cohadon, P-F. Colla, A. Collette, C. G. Cominsky, L. Constancio, M. Conte, A. Conti, L. Cook, D. Corbitt, T. R. Cornish, N. Corsi, A. Cortese, S. Costa, C. A. Coughlin, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coulon, J-P Countryman, S. T. Couvares, P. Cowan, E. E. Coward, D. M. Cowart, M. J. Coyne, D. C. Coyne, R. Craig, K. Creighton, J. D. E. Cripe, J. Crowder, S. G. Cumming, A. Cunningham, L. Cuoco, E. Dal Canton, T. Danilishin, S. L. D'Antonio, S. Danzmann, K. Darman, N. S. Dattilo, V. Dave, I. Daveloza, H. P. Davier, M. Davies, G. S. Daw, E. J. Day, R. Debra, D. Debreczeni, G. Degallaix, J. De Laurentis, M. Deleglise, S. Del Pozzo, W. Denker, T. Dent, T. Dereli, H. Dergachev, V. DeRosa, R. DeRosa, R. T. DeSalvo, R. Dhurandhar, S. Diaz, M. C. Di Fiore, L. Di Giovanni, M. Di Lieto, A. Di Pace, S. Di Palma, I. Di Virgilio, A. Dojcinoski, G. Dolique, V. Donovan, F. Dooley, K. L. Doravari, S. Douglas, R. Downes, T. P. Drago, M. Drever, R. W. P. Driggers, J. C. Du, Z. Ducrot, M. Dwyer, S. E. Edo, T. B. Edwards, M. C. Effler, A. Eggenstein, H-B Ehrens, P. Eichholz, J. Eikenberry, S. S. Engels, W. Essick, R. C. Etzel, T. Evans, M. Evans, T. M. Everett, R. Factourovich, M. Fafone, V. Fair, H. Fairhurst, S. Fan, X. Fang, Q. Farinon, S. Farr, B. Farr, W. M. Favata, M. Fays, M. Fehrmann, H. Fejer, M. M. Ferrante, I. Ferreira, E. C. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, F. Fiori, I. Fiorucci, D. Fisher, R. P. Flaminio, R. Fletcher, M. Fournier, J. -D. Franco, S. Frasca, S. Frasconi, F. Frei, Z. Freise, A. Frey, R. Frey, V. Fricke, T. T. Fritschel, P. Frolov, V. V. Fulda, P. Fyffe, M. Gabbard, H. A. G. Gair, J. R. Gammaitoni, L. Gaonkar, S. G. Garufi, F. Gatto, A. Gaur, G. Gehrels, N. Gemme, G. Gendre, B. Genin, E. Gennai, A. George, J. Gergely, L. Germain, V. Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Giaime, J. A. Giardina, K. D. Giazotto, A. Gill, K. Glaefke, A. Goetz, E. Goetz, R. Gondan, L. Gonzalez, G. Gonzalez Castro, J. M. Gopakumar, A. Gordon, N. A. Gorodetsky, M. L. Gossan, S. E. Gosselin, M. Gouaty, R. Graef, C. Graff, P. B. Granata, M. Grant, A. Gras, S. Gray, C. Greco, G. Green, A. C. Groot, P. Grote, H. Grunewald, S. Guidi, G. M. Guo, X. Gupta, A. Gupta, M. K. Gushwa, K. E. Gustafson, E. K. Gustafson, R. Hacker, J. J. Hall, B. R. Hall, E. D. Hammond, G. Haney, M. Hanke, M. M. Hanks, J. Hanna, C. Hannam, M. D. Hanson, J. Hardwick, T. Harms, J. Harry, G. M. Harry, I. W. Hart, M. J. Hartman, M. T. Haster, C. -J. Haughian, K. Heidmann, A. Heintze, M. C. Heitmann, H. Hello, P. Hemming, G. Hendry, M. Heng, I. S. Hennig, J. Heptonstall, A. W. Heurs, M. Hild, S. Hoak, D. Hodge, K. A. Hofman, D. Hollitt, S. E. Holt, K. Holz, D. E. Hopkins, P. Hosken, D. J. Hough, J. Houston, E. A. Howell, E. J. Hu, Y. M. Huang, S. Huerta, E. A. Huet, D. Hughey, B. Husa, S. Huttner, S. H. Huynh-Dinh, T. Idrisy, A. Indik, N. Ingram, D. R. Inta, R. Isa, H. N. Isac, J-M Isi, M. Islas, G. Isogai, T. Iyer, B. R. Izumi, K. Jacqmin, T. Jang, H. Jani, K. Jaranowski, P. Jawahar, S. Jimenez-Forteza, F. Johnson, W. W. Jones, D. I. Jones, R. Jonker, R. J. G. Ju, L. Haris, K. Kalaghatgi, C. V. Kalogera, V. Kandhasamy, S. Kang, G. Kanner, J. B. Karki, S. Kasprzack, M. Katsavounidis, E. Katzman, W. Kaufer, S. Kaur, T. Kawabe, K. Kawazoe, F. Kefelian, F. Kehl, M. S. Keitel, D. Kelley, D. B. Kells, W. Kennedy, R. Key, J. S. Khalaidovski, A. Khalili, F. Y. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khazanov, E. A. Kijbunchoo, N. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, K. Kim, Nam-Gyu Kim, Namjun Kim, Y-M King, E. J. King, P. J. Kinzel, D. L. Kissel, J. S. Kleybolte, L. Klimenko, S. Koehlenbeck, S. M. Kokeyama, K. Koley, S. Kondrashov, V. Kontos, A. Korobko, M. Korth, W. Z. Kowalska, I. Kozak, D. B. Kringel, V. Krishnan, B. Krolak, A. Krueger, C. Kuehn, G. Kumar, P. Kuo, L. Kutynia, A. Lackey, B. D. Landry, M. Lange, J. Lantz, B. Lasky, P. D. Lazzarini, A. Lazzaro, C. Leaci, P. Leavey, S. Lebigot, E. O. Lee, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, K. Lenon, A. Leonardi, M. Leong, J. R. Leroy, N. Letendre, N. Levin, Y. Levine, B. M. Li, T. G. F. Libson, A. Littenberg, T. B. Lockerbie, N. A. Logue, J. Lombardi, A. L. Lord, J. E. Lorenzini, M. Loriette, V. Lormand, M. Losurdo, G. Lough, J. D. Lueck, H. Lundgren, A. P. Luo, J. Lynch, R. Ma, Y. MacDonald, T. Machenschalk, B. MacInnis, M. Macleod, D. M. Magna-Sandoval, F. Magee, R. M. Mageswaran, M. Majorana, E. Maksimovic, I. Malvezzi, V. Man, N. Mandel, I. Mandic, V. Mangano, V. Mansell, G. L. Manske, M. Mantovani, M. Marchesoni, F. Marion, F. Marka, S. Marka, Z. Markosyan, A. S. Maros, E. Martelli, F. Martellini, L. Martin, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martynov, D. V. Marx, J. N. Mason, K. Masserot, A. Massinger, T. J. Masso-Reid, M. Matichard, F. Matone, L. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, N. Mazzolo, G. McCarthy, R. McClelland, D. E. McCormick, S. McGuire, S. C. McIntyre, G. McIver, J. McManus, J. McWilliams, S. T. Meacher, D. Meadors, G. D. Meidam, J. Melatos, A. Mendell, G. Mendoza-Gandara, D. Mercer, R. A. Merilh, E. Merzougui, M. Meshkov, S. Messenger, C. Messick, C. Meyers, P. M. Mezzani, F. Miao, H. Michel, C. Middleton, H. Mikhailov, E. E. Milano, L. Miller, J. Millhouse, M. Minenkov, Y. Ming, J. Mirshekari, S. [UNESP] Mishra, C. Mitra, S. Mitrofanov, V. P. Mitselmakher, G. Mittleman, R. Moggi, A. Mohan, M. Mohapatra, S. R. P. Montani, M. Moore, B. C. Moore, C. J. Moraru, D. Moreno, G. Morriss, S. R. Mossavi, K. Mours, B. Mow-Lowry, C. M. Mueller, C. L. Mueller, G. Muir, A. W. Mukherjee, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukund, N. Mullavey, A. Munch, J. Murphy, D. J. Murray, P. G. Mytidis, A. Nardecchia, I. Naticchioni, L. Nayak, R. K. Necula, V. Nedkova, K. Nelemans, G. Neri, M. Neunzert, A. Newton, G. Nguyen, T. T. Nielsen, A. B. Nissanke, S. Nitz, A. Nocera, F. Nolting, D. Normandin, M. E. N. Nuttall, L. K. Oberling, J. Ochsner, E. O'Dell, J. Oelker, E. 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Rakhmanov, M. Rapagnani, P. Raymond, V. Razzano, M. Re, V. Read, J. Reed, C. M. Regimbau, T. Rei, L. Reid, S. Reitze, D. H. Rew, H. Reyes, S. D. Ricci, F. Riles, K. Robertson, N. A. Robie, R. Robinet, F. Rocchi, A. Rolland, L. Rollins, J. G. Roma, V. J. Romano, J. D. Romano, R. Romanov, G. Romie, J. H. RosiNska, D. Rowan, S. Ruediger, A. Ruggi, P. Ryan, K. Sachdev, S. Sadecki, T. Sadeghian, L. Salconi, L. Saleem, M. Salemi, F. Samajdar, A. Sammut, L. Sanchez, E. J. Sandberg, V. Sandeen, B. Sanders, J. R. Sassolas, B. Sathyaprakash, S. Saulson, P. R. Sauter, O. Savage, R. L. Sawadsky, A. Schale, P. Schilling, R. Schmidt, J. Schmidt, P. Schnabel, R. Schofield, R. M. S. Schoenbeck, A. Schreiber, E. Schuette, D. Schutz, B. F. Scott, J. Scott, S. M. Sellers, D. Sentenac, D. Sequino, V. Sergeev, A. Serna, G. Setyawati, Y. Sevigny, A. Shaddock, D. A. Shah, S. Shahriar, M. S. Shaltev, M. Shao, Z. Shapiro, B. Shawhan, P. Sheperd, A. Shoemaker, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Siellez, K. Siemens, X. Sigg, D. Silva, A. D. Simakov, D. Singer, A. Singer, L. P. Singh, A. Singh, R. Singhal, A. Sintes, A. M. Slagmolen, B. J. J. Smith, J. R. Smith, N. D. Smith, R. J. E. Son, E. J. Sorazu, B. Sorrentino, F. Souradeep, T. Srivastava, A. K. Staley, A. Steinke, M. Steinlechner, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinmeyer, D. Stephens, B. C. Stevenson, S. P. Stone, R. Strain, K. A. Straniero, N. Stratta, G. Strauss, N. A. Strigin, S. Sturani, R. [UNESP] Stuver, A. L. Summerscales, T. Z. Sun, L. Sutton, P. J. Swinkels, B. L. Szczepanczyk, M. J. Tacca, M. Talukder, D. Tanner, D. B. Tapai, M. Tarabrin, S. P. Taracchini, A. Taylor, R. Theeg, T. Thirugnanasambandam, M. P. Thomas, E. G. Thomas, M. Thomas, P. Thorne, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thrane, E. Tiwari, S. Tiwari, V. Tokmakov, K. V. Tomlinson, C. Tonelli, M. Torres, C. V. Torrie, C. I. Toyra, D. Travasso, F. Traylor, G. Trifir, D. Tringali, M. C. Trozzo, L. Tse, M. Turconi, M. Tuyenbayev, D. Ugolini, D. Unnikrishnan, C. S. Urban, A. L. Usman, S. A. Vahlbruch, H. Vajente, G. Valdes, G. Van Bakel, N. Van Beuzekom, M. Van den Brand, J. F. J. Van den Broeck, C. Vander-Hyde, D. C. Van der Schaaf, L. Van Heijningen, J. V. Van Veggel, A. A. Vardaro, M. Vass, S. Vasuth, M. Vaulin, R. Vecchio, A. Vedovato, G. Veitch, J. Veitch, P. J. Venkateswara, K. Verkindt, D. Vetrano, F. Vicere, A. Vinciguerra, S. Vine, D. J. Vinet, J-Y Vitale, S. Vo, T. Vocca, H. Vorvick, C. Voss, D. Vousden, W. D. Vyatchanin, S. P. Wade, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Walker, M. Wallace, L. Walsh, S. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Ward, R. L. Warner, J. Was, M. Weaver, B. Wei, L-W Weinert, M. Weinstein, A. J. Weiss, R. Welborn, T. Wen, L. Wessels, P. Westphal, T. Wette, K. Whelan, J. T. White, D. J. Whiting, B. F. Williams, R. D. Williamson, A. R. Willis, J. L. Willke, B. Wimmer, M. H. Winkler, W. Wipf, C. C. Wittel, H. Woan, G. Worden, J. Wright, J. L. Wu, G. Yablon, J. Yam, W. Yamamoto, H. Yancey, C. C. Yap, M. J. Yu, H. Yvert, M. Zadrozny, A. Zangrando, L. Zanolin, M. Zendri, J-P Zevin, M. Zhang, F. Zhang, L. Zhang, M. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, M. Zhou, Z. Zhu, X. J. Zucker, M. E. Zuraw, S. E. Zweizig, J. Ligo Sci Collaboration Virgo Collaboration |
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Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abernathy, M. R. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adams, C. Adams, T. Addesso, P. Adhikari, R. X. Adya, V. B. Affeldt, C. Agathos, M. Agatsuma, K. Aggarwal, N. Aguiar, O. D. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allocca, A. Altin, P. A. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Arai, K. Araya, M. C. Arceneaux, C. C. Areeda, J. S. Arnaud, N. Arun, K. G. Ascenzi, S. Ashton, G. Ast, M. Aston, S. M. Astone, P. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Bacon, P. Bader, M. K. M. Baker, P. T. Baldaccini, F. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S. W. Barayoga, J. C. Barclay, S. E. Barish, B. C. Barker, D. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartlett, J. Bartos, I. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Batch, J. C. Baune, C. Bavigadda, V. Bazzan, M. Behnke, B. Bejger, M. Belczynski, C. Bell, A. S. Bell, C. J. Berger, B. K. Bergman, J. Bergmann, G. Berry, C. P. L. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Bhagwat, S. Bhandare, R. Bilenko, I. A. Billingsley, G. Birch, J. Birney, R. Biscans, S. Bisht, A. Bitossi, M. Biwer, C. Bizouard, M. A. Blackburn, J. K. Blair, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Bloemen, S. Bock, O. Bodiya, T. P. Boer, M. Bogaert, G. Bogan, C. Bohe, A. Bojtos, P. Bond, C. Bondu, F. Bonnand, R. Boom, B. A. Bork, R. Boschi, V. Bose, S. Bouffanais, Y. Bozzi, A. Bradaschia, C. Brady, P. R. Braginsky, V. B. Branchesi, M. Brau, J. E. Briant, T. Brillet, A. Brinkmann, M. Brisson, V. Brockill, P. Brooks, A. F. Brown, D. A. Brown, D. D. Brown, N. M. Buchanan, C. C. Buikema, A. Bulik, T. Bulten, H. J. Buonanno, A. Buskulic, D. Buy, C. Byer, R. L. Cadonati, L. Cagnoli, G. Cahillane, C. Bustillo, J. Calderon Callister, T. Calloni, E. Camp, J. B. Cannon, K. C. Cao, J. Capano, C. D. Capocasa, E. Carbognani, F. Caride, S. Diaz, J. Casanueva Casentini, C. Caudill, S. Cavaglia, M. Cavalier, F. Cavalieri, R. Cella, G. Cepeda, C. Baiardi, L. Cerboni Cerretani, G. Cesarini, E. Chakraborty, R. Chalermsongsak, T. Chamberlin, S. J. Chan, M. Chao, S. Charlton, P. Chassande-Mottin, E. Chen, H. Y. Chen, Y. Cheng, C. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, A. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Chow, J. H. Christensen, N. Chu, Q. Chua, S. Chung, S. Ciani, G. Clara, F. Clark, J. A. Cleva, F. Coccia, E. Cohadon, P-F. Colla, A. Collette, C. G. Cominsky, L. Constancio, M. Conte, A. Conti, L. Cook, D. Corbitt, T. R. Cornish, N. Corsi, A. Cortese, S. Costa, C. A. Coughlin, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coulon, J-P Countryman, S. T. Couvares, P. Cowan, E. E. Coward, D. M. Cowart, M. J. Coyne, D. C. Coyne, R. Craig, K. Creighton, J. D. E. Cripe, J. Crowder, S. G. Cumming, A. Cunningham, L. Cuoco, E. Dal Canton, T. Danilishin, S. L. D'Antonio, S. Danzmann, K. Darman, N. S. Dattilo, V. Dave, I. Daveloza, H. P. Davier, M. Davies, G. S. Daw, E. J. Day, R. Debra, D. Debreczeni, G. Degallaix, J. De Laurentis, M. Deleglise, S. Del Pozzo, W. Denker, T. Dent, T. Dereli, H. Dergachev, V. DeRosa, R. DeRosa, R. T. DeSalvo, R. Dhurandhar, S. Diaz, M. C. Di Fiore, L. Di Giovanni, M. Di Lieto, A. Di Pace, S. Di Palma, I. 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Lazzaro, C. Leaci, P. Leavey, S. Lebigot, E. O. Lee, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, K. Lenon, A. Leonardi, M. Leong, J. R. Leroy, N. Letendre, N. Levin, Y. Levine, B. M. Li, T. G. F. Libson, A. Littenberg, T. B. Lockerbie, N. A. Logue, J. Lombardi, A. L. Lord, J. E. Lorenzini, M. Loriette, V. Lormand, M. Losurdo, G. Lough, J. D. Lueck, H. Lundgren, A. P. Luo, J. Lynch, R. Ma, Y. MacDonald, T. Machenschalk, B. MacInnis, M. Macleod, D. M. Magna-Sandoval, F. Magee, R. M. Mageswaran, M. Majorana, E. Maksimovic, I. Malvezzi, V. Man, N. Mandel, I. Mandic, V. Mangano, V. Mansell, G. L. Manske, M. Mantovani, M. Marchesoni, F. Marion, F. Marka, S. Marka, Z. Markosyan, A. S. Maros, E. Martelli, F. Martellini, L. Martin, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martynov, D. V. Marx, J. N. Mason, K. Masserot, A. Massinger, T. J. Masso-Reid, M. Matichard, F. Matone, L. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, N. Mazzolo, G. McCarthy, R. McClelland, D. E. McCormick, S. McGuire, S. C. McIntyre, G. McIver, J. McManus, J. McWilliams, S. T. Meacher, D. Meadors, G. D. Meidam, J. Melatos, A. Mendell, G. Mendoza-Gandara, D. Mercer, R. A. Merilh, E. Merzougui, M. Meshkov, S. Messenger, C. Messick, C. Meyers, P. M. Mezzani, F. Miao, H. Michel, C. Middleton, H. Mikhailov, E. E. Milano, L. Miller, J. Millhouse, M. Minenkov, Y. Ming, J. Mirshekari, S. [UNESP] Mishra, C. Mitra, S. Mitrofanov, V. P. Mitselmakher, G. Mittleman, R. Moggi, A. Mohan, M. Mohapatra, S. R. P. Montani, M. Moore, B. C. Moore, C. J. Moraru, D. Moreno, G. Morriss, S. R. Mossavi, K. Mours, B. Mow-Lowry, C. M. Mueller, C. L. Mueller, G. Muir, A. W. Mukherjee, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukund, N. Mullavey, A. Munch, J. Murphy, D. J. Murray, P. G. Mytidis, A. Nardecchia, I. Naticchioni, L. Nayak, R. K. Necula, V. Nedkova, K. Nelemans, G. Neri, M. Neunzert, A. Newton, G. Nguyen, T. T. Nielsen, A. B. Nissanke, S. Nitz, A. Nocera, F. Nolting, D. Normandin, M. E. N. Nuttall, L. K. Oberling, J. Ochsner, E. O'Dell, J. Oelker, E. Ogin, G. H. Oh, J. J. Oh, S. H. Ohme, F. Oliver, M. Oppermann, P. Oram, Richard J. O'Reilly, B. O'Shaughnessy, R. Ottaway, D. J. Ottens, R. S. Overmier, H. Owen, B. J. Pai, A. Pai, S. A. Palamos, J. R. Palashov, O. Palomba, C. Pal-Singh, A. Pan, H. Pankow, C. Pannarale, F. Pant, B. C. Paoletti, F. Paoli, A. Papa, M. A. Paris, H. R. Parker, W. Pascucci, D. Pasqualetti, A. Passaquieti, R. Passuello, D. Patricelli, B. Patrick, Z. Pearlstone, B. L. Pedraza, M. Pedurand, R. Pekowsky, L. Pele, A. Penn, S. Perreca, A. Phelps, M. Piccinni, O. Pichot, M. Piergiovanni, F. Pierro, V. Pillant, G. Pinard, L. Pinto, I. M. Pitkin, M. Poggiani, R. Popolizio, P. Post, A. Powell, J. Prasad, J. Predoi, V. Premachandra, S. S. Prestegard, T. Price, L. R. Prijatelj, M. Principe, M. Privitera, S. Prix, R. Prodi, G. A. Prokhorov, L. Puncken, O. Punturo, M. Puppo, P. Puerrer, M. Qi, H. Qin, J. Quetschke, V. Quintero, E. A. Quitzow-James, R. Raab, F. J. Rabeling, D. S. Radkins, H. Raffai, P. Raja, S. Rakhmanov, M. Rapagnani, P. Raymond, V. Razzano, M. Re, V. Read, J. Reed, C. M. Regimbau, T. Rei, L. Reid, S. Reitze, D. H. Rew, H. Reyes, S. D. Ricci, F. Riles, K. Robertson, N. A. Robie, R. Robinet, F. Rocchi, A. Rolland, L. Rollins, J. G. Roma, V. J. Romano, J. D. Romano, R. Romanov, G. Romie, J. H. RosiNska, D. Rowan, S. Ruediger, A. Ruggi, P. Ryan, K. Sachdev, S. Sadecki, T. Sadeghian, L. Salconi, L. Saleem, M. Salemi, F. Samajdar, A. Sammut, L. Sanchez, E. J. Sandberg, V. Sandeen, B. Sanders, J. R. Sassolas, B. Sathyaprakash, S. Saulson, P. R. Sauter, O. Savage, R. L. Sawadsky, A. Schale, P. Schilling, R. Schmidt, J. Schmidt, P. Schnabel, R. Schofield, R. M. S. Schoenbeck, A. Schreiber, E. Schuette, D. Schutz, B. F. Scott, J. Scott, S. M. Sellers, D. Sentenac, D. Sequino, V. Sergeev, A. Serna, G. Setyawati, Y. Sevigny, A. Shaddock, D. A. Shah, S. Shahriar, M. S. Shaltev, M. Shao, Z. Shapiro, B. Shawhan, P. Sheperd, A. Shoemaker, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Siellez, K. Siemens, X. Sigg, D. Silva, A. D. Simakov, D. Singer, A. Singer, L. P. Singh, A. Singh, R. Singhal, A. Sintes, A. M. Slagmolen, B. J. J. Smith, J. R. Smith, N. D. Smith, R. J. E. Son, E. J. Sorazu, B. Sorrentino, F. Souradeep, T. Srivastava, A. K. Staley, A. Steinke, M. Steinlechner, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinmeyer, D. Stephens, B. C. Stevenson, S. P. Stone, R. Strain, K. A. Straniero, N. Stratta, G. Strauss, N. A. Strigin, S. Sturani, R. [UNESP] Stuver, A. L. Summerscales, T. Z. Sun, L. Sutton, P. J. Swinkels, B. L. Szczepanczyk, M. J. Tacca, M. Talukder, D. Tanner, D. B. Tapai, M. Tarabrin, S. P. Taracchini, A. Taylor, R. Theeg, T. Thirugnanasambandam, M. P. Thomas, E. G. Thomas, M. Thomas, P. Thorne, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thrane, E. Tiwari, S. Tiwari, V. Tokmakov, K. V. Tomlinson, C. Tonelli, M. Torres, C. V. Torrie, C. I. Toyra, D. Travasso, F. Traylor, G. Trifir, D. Tringali, M. C. Trozzo, L. Tse, M. Turconi, M. Tuyenbayev, D. Ugolini, D. Unnikrishnan, C. S. Urban, A. L. Usman, S. A. Vahlbruch, H. Vajente, G. Valdes, G. Van Bakel, N. Van Beuzekom, M. Van den Brand, J. F. J. Van den Broeck, C. Vander-Hyde, D. C. Van der Schaaf, L. Van Heijningen, J. V. Van Veggel, A. A. Vardaro, M. Vass, S. Vasuth, M. Vaulin, R. Vecchio, A. Vedovato, G. Veitch, J. Veitch, P. J. Venkateswara, K. Verkindt, D. Vetrano, F. Vicere, A. Vinciguerra, S. Vine, D. J. Vinet, J-Y Vitale, S. Vo, T. Vocca, H. Vorvick, C. Voss, D. Vousden, W. D. Vyatchanin, S. P. Wade, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Walker, M. Wallace, L. Walsh, S. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Ward, R. L. Warner, J. Was, M. Weaver, B. Wei, L-W Weinert, M. Weinstein, A. J. Weiss, R. Welborn, T. Wen, L. Wessels, P. Westphal, T. Wette, K. Whelan, J. T. White, D. J. Whiting, B. F. Williams, R. D. Williamson, A. R. Willis, J. L. Willke, B. Wimmer, M. H. Winkler, W. Wipf, C. C. Wittel, H. Woan, G. Worden, J. Wright, J. L. Wu, G. Yablon, J. Yam, W. Yamamoto, H. Yancey, C. C. Yap, M. J. Yu, H. Yvert, M. Zadrozny, A. Zangrando, L. Zanolin, M. Zendri, J-P Zevin, M. Zhang, F. Zhang, L. Zhang, M. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, M. Zhou, Z. Zhu, X. J. Zucker, M. E. Zuraw, S. E. Zweizig, J. Ligo Sci Collaboration Virgo Collaboration |
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author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author 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CALTECH Louisiana State Univ Univ Salerno Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Univ Florida LIGO Livingston Observ Univ Savoie Mt Blanc Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys Nikhef MIT Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys Tata Inst Fundamental Res Univ Wisconsin Leibniz Univ Hannover Univ Pisa Australian Natl Univ Univ Mississippi Calif State Univ Fullerton Univ Paris Saclay Chennai Math Inst Univ Roma Tor Vergata Univ Southampton Univ Hamburg Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Montana State Univ Univ Perugia EGO Syracuse Univ Univ Glasgow LIGO Hanford Observ RMKI Columbia Univ Stanford Univ Univ Padua CAMK PAN Warsaw Univ Univ Birmingham Univ Genoa RRCAT Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ Univ West Scotland Univ Western Australia Radboud Univ Nijmegen Univ Cote Azur Eotvos Lorand Univ Univ Rennes 1 Washington State Univ Univ Urbino Carlo Bo Univ Oregon UPMC Vrije Univ Amsterdam Univ Maryland Georgia Inst Technol Univ Lyon 1 Univ Lyon Univ Illes Balears Univ Naples Federico II NASA Univ Toronto Tsinghua Univ Univ Michigan Penn State Univ Natl Tsing Hua Univ Charles Sturt Univ Univ Chicago Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat Carleton Coll Univ Roma La Sapienza Univ Brussels Sonoma State Univ Texas Tech Univ Northwestern Univ Univ Minnesota Univ Melbourne Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley Univ Sheffield Univ Sannio Benevento Montclair State Univ Univ Trento Cardiff Univ Natl Astron Observ Japan Univ Edinburgh Indian Inst Technol Inst Plasma Res Univ Szeged Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ Amer Univ Univ Massachusetts Univ Adelaide W Virginia Univ Univ Bialystok Univ Strathclyde IISER TVM Inst Appl Phys Pusan Natl Univ Hanyang Univ NCBJ IM PAN Rochester Inst Technol Monash Univ Seoul Natl Univ Univ Alabama ESPCI Univ Camerino Southern Univ & A&M Coll Coll William & Mary Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Univ Cambridge IISER Kolkata Rutherford Appleton Lab Whitman Coll Natl Inst Math Sci Hobart & William Smith Coll Inst Astron Andrews Univ Univ Siena Trinity Univ Univ Washington Kenyon Coll Abilene Christian Univ |
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Abbott, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abernathy, M. R. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adams, C. Adams, T. Addesso, P. Adhikari, R. X. Adya, V. B. Affeldt, C. Agathos, M. Agatsuma, K. Aggarwal, N. Aguiar, O. D. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allocca, A. Altin, P. A. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Arai, K. Araya, M. C. Arceneaux, C. C. Areeda, J. S. Arnaud, N. Arun, K. G. Ascenzi, S. Ashton, G. Ast, M. Aston, S. M. Astone, P. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Bacon, P. Bader, M. K. M. Baker, P. T. Baldaccini, F. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S. W. Barayoga, J. C. Barclay, S. E. Barish, B. C. Barker, D. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartlett, J. Bartos, I. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Batch, J. C. Baune, C. Bavigadda, V. Bazzan, M. Behnke, B. Bejger, M. Belczynski, C. Bell, A. S. Bell, C. J. Berger, B. K. Bergman, J. Bergmann, G. Berry, C. P. L. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Bhagwat, S. Bhandare, R. Bilenko, I. A. Billingsley, G. Birch, J. Birney, R. Biscans, S. Bisht, A. Bitossi, M. Biwer, C. Bizouard, M. A. Blackburn, J. K. Blair, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Bloemen, S. Bock, O. Bodiya, T. P. Boer, M. Bogaert, G. Bogan, C. Bohe, A. Bojtos, P. Bond, C. Bondu, F. Bonnand, R. Boom, B. A. Bork, R. Boschi, V. Bose, S. Bouffanais, Y. Bozzi, A. Bradaschia, C. Brady, P. R. Braginsky, V. B. Branchesi, M. Brau, J. E. Briant, T. Brillet, A. Brinkmann, M. Brisson, V. Brockill, P. Brooks, A. F. Brown, D. A. Brown, D. D. Brown, N. M. Buchanan, C. C. Buikema, A. Bulik, T. Bulten, H. J. Buonanno, A. Buskulic, D. Buy, C. Byer, R. L. Cadonati, L. Cagnoli, G. Cahillane, C. Bustillo, J. Calderon Callister, T. Calloni, E. Camp, J. B. Cannon, K. C. Cao, J. Capano, C. D. Capocasa, E. Carbognani, F. Caride, S. Diaz, J. Casanueva Casentini, C. Caudill, S. Cavaglia, M. Cavalier, F. Cavalieri, R. Cella, G. Cepeda, C. Baiardi, L. Cerboni Cerretani, G. Cesarini, E. Chakraborty, R. Chalermsongsak, T. Chamberlin, S. J. Chan, M. Chao, S. Charlton, P. Chassande-Mottin, E. Chen, H. Y. Chen, Y. Cheng, C. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, A. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Chow, J. H. Christensen, N. Chu, Q. Chua, S. Chung, S. Ciani, G. Clara, F. Clark, J. A. Cleva, F. Coccia, E. Cohadon, P-F. Colla, A. Collette, C. G. Cominsky, L. Constancio, M. Conte, A. Conti, L. Cook, D. Corbitt, T. R. Cornish, N. Corsi, A. Cortese, S. Costa, C. A. Coughlin, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coulon, J-P Countryman, S. T. Couvares, P. Cowan, E. E. Coward, D. M. Cowart, M. J. Coyne, D. C. Coyne, R. Craig, K. Creighton, J. D. E. Cripe, J. Crowder, S. G. Cumming, A. Cunningham, L. Cuoco, E. Dal Canton, T. Danilishin, S. L. D'Antonio, S. Danzmann, K. Darman, N. S. Dattilo, V. Dave, I. Daveloza, H. P. Davier, M. Davies, G. S. Daw, E. J. Day, R. Debra, D. Debreczeni, G. Degallaix, J. De Laurentis, M. Deleglise, S. Del Pozzo, W. Denker, T. Dent, T. Dereli, H. Dergachev, V. DeRosa, R. DeRosa, R. T. DeSalvo, R. Dhurandhar, S. Diaz, M. C. Di Fiore, L. Di Giovanni, M. Di Lieto, A. Di Pace, S. Di Palma, I. Di Virgilio, A. Dojcinoski, G. Dolique, V. Donovan, F. Dooley, K. L. Doravari, S. Douglas, R. Downes, T. P. Drago, M. Drever, R. W. P. Driggers, J. C. Du, Z. Ducrot, M. Dwyer, S. E. Edo, T. B. Edwards, M. C. Effler, A. Eggenstein, H-B Ehrens, P. Eichholz, J. Eikenberry, S. S. Engels, W. Essick, R. C. Etzel, T. Evans, M. Evans, T. M. Everett, R. Factourovich, M. Fafone, V. Fair, H. Fairhurst, S. Fan, X. Fang, Q. Farinon, S. Farr, B. Farr, W. M. Favata, M. Fays, M. Fehrmann, H. Fejer, M. M. Ferrante, I. Ferreira, E. C. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, F. Fiori, I. Fiorucci, D. Fisher, R. P. Flaminio, R. Fletcher, M. Fournier, J. -D. Franco, S. Frasca, S. Frasconi, F. Frei, Z. Freise, A. Frey, R. Frey, V. Fricke, T. T. Fritschel, P. Frolov, V. V. Fulda, P. Fyffe, M. Gabbard, H. A. G. Gair, J. R. Gammaitoni, L. Gaonkar, S. G. Garufi, F. Gatto, A. Gaur, G. Gehrels, N. Gemme, G. Gendre, B. Genin, E. Gennai, A. George, J. Gergely, L. Germain, V. Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Giaime, J. A. Giardina, K. D. Giazotto, A. Gill, K. Glaefke, A. Goetz, E. Goetz, R. Gondan, L. Gonzalez, G. Gonzalez Castro, J. M. Gopakumar, A. Gordon, N. A. Gorodetsky, M. L. Gossan, S. E. Gosselin, M. Gouaty, R. Graef, C. Graff, P. B. Granata, M. Grant, A. Gras, S. Gray, C. Greco, G. Green, A. C. Groot, P. Grote, H. Grunewald, S. Guidi, G. M. Guo, X. Gupta, A. Gupta, M. K. Gushwa, K. E. Gustafson, E. K. Gustafson, R. Hacker, J. J. Hall, B. R. Hall, E. D. Hammond, G. Haney, M. Hanke, M. M. Hanks, J. Hanna, C. Hannam, M. D. Hanson, J. Hardwick, T. Harms, J. Harry, G. M. Harry, I. W. Hart, M. J. Hartman, M. T. Haster, C. -J. Haughian, K. Heidmann, A. Heintze, M. C. Heitmann, H. Hello, P. Hemming, G. Hendry, M. Heng, I. S. Hennig, J. Heptonstall, A. W. Heurs, M. Hild, S. Hoak, D. Hodge, K. A. Hofman, D. Hollitt, S. E. Holt, K. Holz, D. E. Hopkins, P. Hosken, D. J. Hough, J. Houston, E. A. Howell, E. J. Hu, Y. M. Huang, S. Huerta, E. A. Huet, D. Hughey, B. Husa, S. Huttner, S. H. Huynh-Dinh, T. Idrisy, A. Indik, N. Ingram, D. R. Inta, R. Isa, H. N. Isac, J-M Isi, M. Islas, G. Isogai, T. Iyer, B. R. Izumi, K. Jacqmin, T. Jang, H. Jani, K. Jaranowski, P. Jawahar, S. Jimenez-Forteza, F. Johnson, W. W. Jones, D. I. Jones, R. Jonker, R. J. G. Ju, L. Haris, K. Kalaghatgi, C. V. Kalogera, V. Kandhasamy, S. Kang, G. Kanner, J. B. Karki, S. Kasprzack, M. Katsavounidis, E. Katzman, W. Kaufer, S. Kaur, T. Kawabe, K. Kawazoe, F. Kefelian, F. Kehl, M. S. Keitel, D. Kelley, D. B. Kells, W. Kennedy, R. Key, J. S. Khalaidovski, A. Khalili, F. Y. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khazanov, E. A. Kijbunchoo, N. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, K. Kim, Nam-Gyu Kim, Namjun Kim, Y-M King, E. J. King, P. J. Kinzel, D. L. Kissel, J. S. Kleybolte, L. Klimenko, S. Koehlenbeck, S. M. Kokeyama, K. Koley, S. Kondrashov, V. Kontos, A. Korobko, M. Korth, W. Z. Kowalska, I. Kozak, D. B. Kringel, V. Krishnan, B. Krolak, A. Krueger, C. Kuehn, G. Kumar, P. Kuo, L. Kutynia, A. Lackey, B. D. Landry, M. Lange, J. Lantz, B. Lasky, P. D. Lazzarini, A. Lazzaro, C. Leaci, P. Leavey, S. Lebigot, E. O. Lee, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, K. Lenon, A. Leonardi, M. Leong, J. R. Leroy, N. Letendre, N. Levin, Y. Levine, B. M. Li, T. G. F. Libson, A. Littenberg, T. B. Lockerbie, N. A. Logue, J. Lombardi, A. L. Lord, J. E. Lorenzini, M. Loriette, V. Lormand, M. Losurdo, G. Lough, J. D. Lueck, H. Lundgren, A. P. Luo, J. Lynch, R. Ma, Y. MacDonald, T. Machenschalk, B. MacInnis, M. Macleod, D. M. Magna-Sandoval, F. Magee, R. M. Mageswaran, M. Majorana, E. Maksimovic, I. Malvezzi, V. Man, N. Mandel, I. Mandic, V. Mangano, V. Mansell, G. L. Manske, M. Mantovani, M. Marchesoni, F. Marion, F. Marka, S. Marka, Z. Markosyan, A. S. Maros, E. Martelli, F. Martellini, L. Martin, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martynov, D. V. Marx, J. N. Mason, K. Masserot, A. Massinger, T. J. Masso-Reid, M. Matichard, F. Matone, L. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, N. Mazzolo, G. McCarthy, R. McClelland, D. E. McCormick, S. McGuire, S. C. McIntyre, G. McIver, J. McManus, J. McWilliams, S. T. Meacher, D. Meadors, G. D. Meidam, J. Melatos, A. Mendell, G. Mendoza-Gandara, D. Mercer, R. A. Merilh, E. Merzougui, M. Meshkov, S. Messenger, C. Messick, C. Meyers, P. M. Mezzani, F. Miao, H. Michel, C. Middleton, H. Mikhailov, E. E. Milano, L. Miller, J. Millhouse, M. Minenkov, Y. Ming, J. Mirshekari, S. [UNESP] Mishra, C. Mitra, S. Mitrofanov, V. P. Mitselmakher, G. Mittleman, R. Moggi, A. Mohan, M. Mohapatra, S. R. P. Montani, M. Moore, B. C. Moore, C. J. Moraru, D. Moreno, G. Morriss, S. R. Mossavi, K. Mours, B. Mow-Lowry, C. M. Mueller, C. L. Mueller, G. Muir, A. W. Mukherjee, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukund, N. Mullavey, A. Munch, J. Murphy, D. J. Murray, P. G. Mytidis, A. Nardecchia, I. Naticchioni, L. Nayak, R. K. Necula, V. Nedkova, K. Nelemans, G. Neri, M. Neunzert, A. Newton, G. Nguyen, T. T. Nielsen, A. B. Nissanke, S. Nitz, A. Nocera, F. Nolting, D. Normandin, M. E. N. Nuttall, L. K. Oberling, J. Ochsner, E. O'Dell, J. Oelker, E. Ogin, G. H. Oh, J. J. Oh, S. H. Ohme, F. Oliver, M. Oppermann, P. Oram, Richard J. O'Reilly, B. O'Shaughnessy, R. Ottaway, D. J. Ottens, R. S. Overmier, H. Owen, B. J. Pai, A. Pai, S. A. Palamos, J. R. Palashov, O. Palomba, C. Pal-Singh, A. Pan, H. Pankow, C. Pannarale, F. Pant, B. C. Paoletti, F. Paoli, A. Papa, M. A. Paris, H. R. Parker, W. Pascucci, D. Pasqualetti, A. Passaquieti, R. Passuello, D. Patricelli, B. Patrick, Z. Pearlstone, B. L. Pedraza, M. Pedurand, R. Pekowsky, L. Pele, A. Penn, S. Perreca, A. Phelps, M. Piccinni, O. Pichot, M. Piergiovanni, F. Pierro, V. Pillant, G. Pinard, L. Pinto, I. M. Pitkin, M. Poggiani, R. Popolizio, P. Post, A. Powell, J. Prasad, J. Predoi, V. Premachandra, S. S. Prestegard, T. Price, L. R. Prijatelj, M. Principe, M. Privitera, S. Prix, R. Prodi, G. A. Prokhorov, L. Puncken, O. Punturo, M. Puppo, P. Puerrer, M. Qi, H. Qin, J. Quetschke, V. Quintero, E. A. Quitzow-James, R. Raab, F. J. Rabeling, D. S. Radkins, H. Raffai, P. Raja, S. Rakhmanov, M. Rapagnani, P. Raymond, V. Razzano, M. Re, V. Read, J. Reed, C. M. Regimbau, T. Rei, L. Reid, S. Reitze, D. H. Rew, H. Reyes, S. D. Ricci, F. Riles, K. Robertson, N. A. Robie, R. Robinet, F. Rocchi, A. Rolland, L. Rollins, J. G. Roma, V. J. Romano, J. D. Romano, R. Romanov, G. Romie, J. H. RosiNska, D. Rowan, S. Ruediger, A. Ruggi, P. Ryan, K. Sachdev, S. Sadecki, T. Sadeghian, L. Salconi, L. Saleem, M. Salemi, F. Samajdar, A. Sammut, L. Sanchez, E. J. Sandberg, V. Sandeen, B. Sanders, J. R. Sassolas, B. Sathyaprakash, S. Saulson, P. R. Sauter, O. Savage, R. L. Sawadsky, A. Schale, P. Schilling, R. Schmidt, J. Schmidt, P. Schnabel, R. Schofield, R. M. S. Schoenbeck, A. Schreiber, E. Schuette, D. Schutz, B. F. Scott, J. Scott, S. M. Sellers, D. Sentenac, D. Sequino, V. Sergeev, A. Serna, G. Setyawati, Y. Sevigny, A. Shaddock, D. A. Shah, S. Shahriar, M. S. Shaltev, M. Shao, Z. Shapiro, B. Shawhan, P. Sheperd, A. Shoemaker, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Siellez, K. Siemens, X. Sigg, D. Silva, A. D. Simakov, D. Singer, A. Singer, L. P. Singh, A. Singh, R. Singhal, A. Sintes, A. M. Slagmolen, B. J. J. Smith, J. R. Smith, N. D. Smith, R. J. E. Son, E. J. Sorazu, B. Sorrentino, F. Souradeep, T. Srivastava, A. K. Staley, A. Steinke, M. Steinlechner, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinmeyer, D. Stephens, B. C. Stevenson, S. P. Stone, R. Strain, K. A. Straniero, N. Stratta, G. Strauss, N. A. Strigin, S. Sturani, R. [UNESP] Stuver, A. L. Summerscales, T. Z. Sun, L. Sutton, P. J. Swinkels, B. L. Szczepanczyk, M. J. Tacca, M. Talukder, D. Tanner, D. B. Tapai, M. Tarabrin, S. P. Taracchini, A. Taylor, R. Theeg, T. Thirugnanasambandam, M. P. Thomas, E. G. Thomas, M. Thomas, P. Thorne, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thrane, E. Tiwari, S. Tiwari, V. Tokmakov, K. V. Tomlinson, C. Tonelli, M. Torres, C. V. Torrie, C. I. Toyra, D. Travasso, F. Traylor, G. Trifir, D. Tringali, M. C. Trozzo, L. Tse, M. Turconi, M. Tuyenbayev, D. Ugolini, D. Unnikrishnan, C. S. Urban, A. L. Usman, S. A. Vahlbruch, H. Vajente, G. Valdes, G. Van Bakel, N. Van Beuzekom, M. Van den Brand, J. F. J. Van den Broeck, C. Vander-Hyde, D. C. Van der Schaaf, L. Van Heijningen, J. V. Van Veggel, A. A. Vardaro, M. Vass, S. Vasuth, M. Vaulin, R. Vecchio, A. Vedovato, G. Veitch, J. Veitch, P. J. Venkateswara, K. Verkindt, D. Vetrano, F. Vicere, A. Vinciguerra, S. Vine, D. J. Vinet, J-Y Vitale, S. Vo, T. Vocca, H. Vorvick, C. Voss, D. Vousden, W. D. Vyatchanin, S. P. Wade, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Walker, M. Wallace, L. Walsh, S. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Ward, R. L. Warner, J. Was, M. Weaver, B. Wei, L-W Weinert, M. Weinstein, A. J. Weiss, R. Welborn, T. Wen, L. Wessels, P. Westphal, T. Wette, K. Whelan, J. T. White, D. J. Whiting, B. F. Williams, R. D. Williamson, A. R. Willis, J. L. Willke, B. Wimmer, M. H. Winkler, W. Wipf, C. C. Wittel, H. Woan, G. Worden, J. Wright, J. L. Wu, G. Yablon, J. Yam, W. Yamamoto, H. Yancey, C. C. Yap, M. J. Yu, H. Yvert, M. Zadrozny, A. Zangrando, L. Zanolin, M. Zendri, J-P Zevin, M. Zhang, F. Zhang, L. Zhang, M. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, M. Zhou, Z. Zhu, X. J. Zucker, M. E. Zuraw, S. E. Zweizig, J. Ligo Sci Collaboration Virgo Collaboration |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
gravitational waves stars: black holes stars: massive |
topic |
gravitational waves stars: black holes stars: massive |
description |
The discovery of the gravitational-wave (GW) source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black hole (BH) systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the universe. Such BH mergers have been predicted in two main types of formation models, involving isolated binaries in galactic fields or dynamical interactions in young and old dense stellar environments. The measured masses robustly demonstrate that relatively heavy BHs (greater than or similar to 25M(circle dot)) can form in nature. This discovery implies relatively weak massive-star winds and thus the formation of GW150914 in an environment with a metallicity lower than about 1/2 of the solar value. The rate of binary-BH (BBH) mergers inferred from the observation of GW150914 is consistent with the higher end of rate predictions (greater than or similar to 1 Gpc(-3) yr(-1)) from both types of formation models. The low measured redshift (z similar or equal to 0.1) of GW150914 and the low inferred metallicity of the stellar progenitor imply either BBH formation in a low-mass galaxy in the local universe and a prompt merger, or formation at high redshift with a time delay between formation and merger of several Gyr. This discovery motivates further studies of binary-BH formation astrophysics. It also has implications for future detections and studies by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, and GW detectors in space. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-02-20 2018-11-26T16:24:58Z 2018-11-26T16:24:58Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22 Astrophysical Journal Letters. Bristol: Iop Publishing Ltd, v. 818, n. 2, 15 p., 2016. 2041-8205 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/161222 10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22 WOS:000370444800001 WOS000370444800001.pdf 9756414550075565 0000-0001-9038-2951 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/161222 |
identifier_str_mv |
Astrophysical Journal Letters. Bristol: Iop Publishing Ltd, v. 818, n. 2, 15 p., 2016. 2041-8205 10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L22 WOS:000370444800001 WOS000370444800001.pdf 9756414550075565 0000-0001-9038-2951 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Astrophysical Journal Letters 3,186 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
15 application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129243418198016 |