New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Capítulo de livro |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/11449/222792 |
Resumo: | Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) became a major public health concern worldwide. The increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, the limited efficacy and the adverse events associated with antibiotics have urged the development of complementary and alternative methods to treat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. This chapter provides a compact overview of the feasibility and clinical impact of novel therapies, with a focus on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), vaccines, bacteriophages, liposomes and nanotechnology, photodynamic therapy (PDT), homeopathy and botanical medicine. Clinical trials with mAbs carried out in subjects with staphylococcal infections demonstrated that the majority failed to prove the efficacy and only a few remain in clinical development. Vaccines targeting S. aureus have recently been tested in clinical trials and although the results seem promising, there is currently no vaccine which has proven to be clinically effective. Several case studies have demonstrated the use of bacteriophages to treat infections caused by S. aureus. Although this kind of treatment demonstrated to be safe and effective, trials involving a larger population are necessary prior to confidently implement bacteriophages into clinical use. The potential use of liposomal compounds for the treatment of staphylococcal infections and to encapsulate antimicrobial agents as delivery methods, has recently emerged. Results showed that the application of liposomes improves the stability of antimicrobial agents and extends the length of activity, being a promising formulation for bacteria targeted delivery and immune system defense. Antibacterial PDT is a new non-antibiotic treatment strategy for a variety of drug-resistant bacteria including MRSA. Findings on recent studies suggest that PDT can effectively inhibit MRSA by damaging cell membrane, cytoplasm, proteins and nucleic acid. The study of plant extracts with antimicrobial activity allows the identification of active molecules and their mechanism of action, which increases the likelihood of new antimicrobial drugs development or their use in association with known antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial activity. Finally, homeopathic treatment may improve the clinical condition of patients, reduce the need for conventional antimicrobial agents and decrease the relapse rate of infection. Promising results have been obtained with the use of Belladona and MRSA isotherapic to inhibit MRSA growth in vitro, suggesting that this phenomenon was not due to bacterial cell death, but rather to a marked decrease in its growth rate, which probably make the bacteria more sensitive to oxacillin. As discussed in this chapter, there are several promising new complementary and alternative therapeutics towards MRSA that may be successfully used in combination with the available conventional antibimicrobial treatments. |
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New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infectionBacteriophagesBotanical medicineComplementary and alternative therapiesHomeopathyLiposomesMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)NanotechnologyPhotodynamic therapy (PDT)VaccinesMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) became a major public health concern worldwide. The increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, the limited efficacy and the adverse events associated with antibiotics have urged the development of complementary and alternative methods to treat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. This chapter provides a compact overview of the feasibility and clinical impact of novel therapies, with a focus on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), vaccines, bacteriophages, liposomes and nanotechnology, photodynamic therapy (PDT), homeopathy and botanical medicine. Clinical trials with mAbs carried out in subjects with staphylococcal infections demonstrated that the majority failed to prove the efficacy and only a few remain in clinical development. Vaccines targeting S. aureus have recently been tested in clinical trials and although the results seem promising, there is currently no vaccine which has proven to be clinically effective. Several case studies have demonstrated the use of bacteriophages to treat infections caused by S. aureus. Although this kind of treatment demonstrated to be safe and effective, trials involving a larger population are necessary prior to confidently implement bacteriophages into clinical use. The potential use of liposomal compounds for the treatment of staphylococcal infections and to encapsulate antimicrobial agents as delivery methods, has recently emerged. Results showed that the application of liposomes improves the stability of antimicrobial agents and extends the length of activity, being a promising formulation for bacteria targeted delivery and immune system defense. Antibacterial PDT is a new non-antibiotic treatment strategy for a variety of drug-resistant bacteria including MRSA. Findings on recent studies suggest that PDT can effectively inhibit MRSA by damaging cell membrane, cytoplasm, proteins and nucleic acid. The study of plant extracts with antimicrobial activity allows the identification of active molecules and their mechanism of action, which increases the likelihood of new antimicrobial drugs development or their use in association with known antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial activity. Finally, homeopathic treatment may improve the clinical condition of patients, reduce the need for conventional antimicrobial agents and decrease the relapse rate of infection. Promising results have been obtained with the use of Belladona and MRSA isotherapic to inhibit MRSA growth in vitro, suggesting that this phenomenon was not due to bacterial cell death, but rather to a marked decrease in its growth rate, which probably make the bacteria more sensitive to oxacillin. As discussed in this chapter, there are several promising new complementary and alternative therapeutics towards MRSA that may be successfully used in combination with the available conventional antibimicrobial treatments.Department of Pharmacy and Biotechonology and Health Innovation Anhanguera University of São PauloCenter of Research in Health Sciences Unopar University Anhanguera University of São PauloSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State UniversityDepartment of Biotechonology and Health Innovation Anhanguera University of São Paulo São Paulo State UniversitySchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State UniversityDepartment of Biotechonology and Health Innovation Anhanguera University of São Paulo São Paulo State UniversityUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Diniz, Susana NogueiraPasseti, Tânia Aguiarde Souza Marquez, AudreyPrado, Everton Tadeuda Silva, Claudia Forlindos Santos Baeta, Danielli [UNESP]Sivieri, Katia [UNESP]2022-04-28T19:46:42Z2022-04-28T19:46:42Z2021-04-08info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart703-751The Encyclopedia of Bacteriology Research Developments, v. 11, p. 703-751.http://hdl.handle.net/11449/2227922-s2.0-85118426946Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengThe Encyclopedia of Bacteriology Research Developmentsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-04-28T19:46:42Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/222792Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T18:52:32.511497Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
title |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
spellingShingle |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection Diniz, Susana Nogueira Bacteriophages Botanical medicine Complementary and alternative therapies Homeopathy Liposomes Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Nanotechnology Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Vaccines |
title_short |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
title_full |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
title_fullStr |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
title_full_unstemmed |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
title_sort |
New complementary and alternative therapies to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
author |
Diniz, Susana Nogueira |
author_facet |
Diniz, Susana Nogueira Passeti, Tânia Aguiar de Souza Marquez, Audrey Prado, Everton Tadeu da Silva, Claudia Forlin dos Santos Baeta, Danielli [UNESP] Sivieri, Katia [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Passeti, Tânia Aguiar de Souza Marquez, Audrey Prado, Everton Tadeu da Silva, Claudia Forlin dos Santos Baeta, Danielli [UNESP] Sivieri, Katia [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Diniz, Susana Nogueira Passeti, Tânia Aguiar de Souza Marquez, Audrey Prado, Everton Tadeu da Silva, Claudia Forlin dos Santos Baeta, Danielli [UNESP] Sivieri, Katia [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Bacteriophages Botanical medicine Complementary and alternative therapies Homeopathy Liposomes Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Nanotechnology Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Vaccines |
topic |
Bacteriophages Botanical medicine Complementary and alternative therapies Homeopathy Liposomes Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Nanotechnology Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Vaccines |
description |
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) became a major public health concern worldwide. The increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, the limited efficacy and the adverse events associated with antibiotics have urged the development of complementary and alternative methods to treat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. This chapter provides a compact overview of the feasibility and clinical impact of novel therapies, with a focus on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), vaccines, bacteriophages, liposomes and nanotechnology, photodynamic therapy (PDT), homeopathy and botanical medicine. Clinical trials with mAbs carried out in subjects with staphylococcal infections demonstrated that the majority failed to prove the efficacy and only a few remain in clinical development. Vaccines targeting S. aureus have recently been tested in clinical trials and although the results seem promising, there is currently no vaccine which has proven to be clinically effective. Several case studies have demonstrated the use of bacteriophages to treat infections caused by S. aureus. Although this kind of treatment demonstrated to be safe and effective, trials involving a larger population are necessary prior to confidently implement bacteriophages into clinical use. The potential use of liposomal compounds for the treatment of staphylococcal infections and to encapsulate antimicrobial agents as delivery methods, has recently emerged. Results showed that the application of liposomes improves the stability of antimicrobial agents and extends the length of activity, being a promising formulation for bacteria targeted delivery and immune system defense. Antibacterial PDT is a new non-antibiotic treatment strategy for a variety of drug-resistant bacteria including MRSA. Findings on recent studies suggest that PDT can effectively inhibit MRSA by damaging cell membrane, cytoplasm, proteins and nucleic acid. The study of plant extracts with antimicrobial activity allows the identification of active molecules and their mechanism of action, which increases the likelihood of new antimicrobial drugs development or their use in association with known antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial activity. Finally, homeopathic treatment may improve the clinical condition of patients, reduce the need for conventional antimicrobial agents and decrease the relapse rate of infection. Promising results have been obtained with the use of Belladona and MRSA isotherapic to inhibit MRSA growth in vitro, suggesting that this phenomenon was not due to bacterial cell death, but rather to a marked decrease in its growth rate, which probably make the bacteria more sensitive to oxacillin. As discussed in this chapter, there are several promising new complementary and alternative therapeutics towards MRSA that may be successfully used in combination with the available conventional antibimicrobial treatments. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-04-08 2022-04-28T19:46:42Z 2022-04-28T19:46:42Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart |
format |
bookPart |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
The Encyclopedia of Bacteriology Research Developments, v. 11, p. 703-751. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/222792 2-s2.0-85118426946 |
identifier_str_mv |
The Encyclopedia of Bacteriology Research Developments, v. 11, p. 703-751. 2-s2.0-85118426946 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/222792 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
The Encyclopedia of Bacteriology Research Developments |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
703-751 |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
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UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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1808128993687240704 |