Sacarificação e fermentação simultânea de biomassa algal e amido e uso do resíduo do processo de fermentação para obtenção de biopeptídios

• Autor(a) principal: Astolfi, Angela Luiza
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca de teses e dissertações da Universidade de Passo Fundo (BDTD UPF)
• Texto Completo: http://tede.upf.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1796
• topic: Biocombustíveis; Spirulina; Biomassa; Amido; CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::ENGENHARIA DE ALIMENTOS

Spirulina platensis stands out among microalgae because it is considered safe for human consumption. It is recognized as an unconventional source of protein, due to its favorable constitution of this nutrient (46 to 63%), having a higher concentration than meat and soy. In addition, it presents potential as a raw material for the production of bioethanol, being able to present between 8.0 and 14.0% of carbohydrates in crops without the purpose of accumulation of this component. The process of saccharification and simultaneous fermentation (SSF) has been highlighted in ethanol production mainly due to lower energy consumption, higher ethanol yield, shorter process time, lower risk of contamination and reduction in inhibition of final product. The residue formed in this process presents high protein content and when hydrolyzed it obtains biopeptides that can be an alternative to be incorporated in the consumption of foods or rations of animals with greater nutritive value, besides its antioxidant capacity. In this sense, the concept of Biorefineries, which refers to the use of biomass and its residues, using raw materials from renewable sources, is integrated and diversified for the production of biofuels, chemicals, energy and other materials of interest in the industrial market, with the minimum generation of waste and the emission of noxious gases. The objective of this study was to perform the SSF of Spirulina platensis biomass and corn starch to produce bioethanol and to use the process residues to obtain biopeptides.The work was divided in two stages, the first one being the production of bioethanol varying the temperature and the concentrations of corn starch and Spirulina evaluating the concentration of reducing sugars and ethanol during the SSF process. The best condition was found to have enzyme concentrations of 1, 0.5 and 0.25% for the scaling up of bioethanol production. The increase of scale was 10 times higher and occurred in Bioreactor in which generated protein residue that in a second step was hydrolyzed wi th protease enzyme and evaluated for its antioxidant capacity, changes in functional groups, thermal stability and molecular mass. The best bioethanol production condition produced 73 g.L -1 ethanol at 30 °C and by increasing the bioethanol production scale using the lowest enzyme concentration the bioethanol yield was maintained. The residue presented a high protein content and when it was submitted to hydrolysis it was obtained a high degree of hydrolysis exposing the biopeptides that showed inhibition of the ABTS radical of 32%. The results of thermal stability revealed that in relation to Spirulina biomass and to the residue the biopeptides presented greater thermal stability. The electrophoresis analysis showed that the proteins were hydrolyzed and the biopeptides presented molecular mass less than 5 kDa, indicating that these can be added as a functional ingredient making a food of high added value. Therefore, this study demonstrated that it is possible to develop an integrated biorefinery producing bioethanol and using the residue for the production biopeptides in which it is considered a high value-added co-product and can be an alternative to be incorporated into food consumption providing functionality and higher nutritional value, thus adding greater viability and sustainability in the process.