Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Parra, Alejandro
Data de Publicação: 2010
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online)
Texto Completo: http://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881
Resumo: Some studies suggest that a strong belief in the paranormal predisposes one to having a variety of paranormal experiences, or even to an equal or larger extent interpret anomalous perceptual experiences as such. Proneness to shizotypy is another factor that underlies the control and preservation of these beliefs. This study examined possible differences between ”hallucinators” and ”non‑hallucinators”, from a sample of believers in the paranormal, in terms of the intensity of auditory, visual and tactile imagery, as well as three factors of proneness to schizotypy. A sample of 158 believers in the paranormal was examined, including 110 women (69.6%) and 48 men (30.4%), age range 19 to 75 years (m = 46.83, Sd = 11.92). A second sample included 158 psychology students, 69% women and 30% men (age m = 46.83), from the Open interamerican University. Both groups completed Betts’ Vivid imagery Scale, Barrett’s hallucinations questionnaire, and the Schizotypical Personality questionnaire. The results revealed greater intensity of visual, auditory and táctiles imagery by hallucinators as compared to non‑hallucinators among believers in the paranormal, but no greater proneness to hallucinate. However, the visual, auditory and tactile hallucinators scored higher than non‑hallucinators on the cognitive‑perceptual factor, which also appeared as the best discriminator of visual, auditory and tactile hallucinatory modalities in the student sample. A possible conclusion is that believers in the paranormal are psychologically integrated individuals; nevertheless the term ”hallucination” should be abandoned.
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spelling Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory ExperiencesIndicadores de Propension a la Esquizotipia entre Individuos Creyentes en lo Paranormal: Examinando la Intensidad de la Imaginería, Esquizotipia y Experiencias AlucinatoriasIndicadores de Propensão à Esquizotipia entre Indivíduos Crentes no Paranormal: Examinando a Intensidade das Imagens, Esquizotipia e Experiências Alucinatóriashallucination experienceimageryschizotipyfantasyparanormalexperiencia alucinatoriaimagineríaesquizotipiafantasíaparanormalexperiência alucinatóriaimagensesquizotipiafantasiaparanormalSome studies suggest that a strong belief in the paranormal predisposes one to having a variety of paranormal experiences, or even to an equal or larger extent interpret anomalous perceptual experiences as such. Proneness to shizotypy is another factor that underlies the control and preservation of these beliefs. This study examined possible differences between ”hallucinators” and ”non‑hallucinators”, from a sample of believers in the paranormal, in terms of the intensity of auditory, visual and tactile imagery, as well as three factors of proneness to schizotypy. A sample of 158 believers in the paranormal was examined, including 110 women (69.6%) and 48 men (30.4%), age range 19 to 75 years (m = 46.83, Sd = 11.92). A second sample included 158 psychology students, 69% women and 30% men (age m = 46.83), from the Open interamerican University. Both groups completed Betts’ Vivid imagery Scale, Barrett’s hallucinations questionnaire, and the Schizotypical Personality questionnaire. The results revealed greater intensity of visual, auditory and táctiles imagery by hallucinators as compared to non‑hallucinators among believers in the paranormal, but no greater proneness to hallucinate. However, the visual, auditory and tactile hallucinators scored higher than non‑hallucinators on the cognitive‑perceptual factor, which also appeared as the best discriminator of visual, auditory and tactile hallucinatory modalities in the student sample. A possible conclusion is that believers in the paranormal are psychologically integrated individuals; nevertheless the term ”hallucination” should be abandoned.Algunos estudios sugieren que alto grado de creencia en lo paranormal predispone a experimentar una variedad de experiencias paranormales, o incluso a interpretar como tales a un igual o mayor número de experiencias perceptuales anómalas. La propensión a la esquizotipia, es otro factor que subyace en el control y mantenimiento de tales creencias. En este estudio se examinan posibles diferencias entre “alucinadores” y “no alucinadores” en una muestra de individuos creyentes en lo paranormal en términos de intensidad de la imaginería auditiva, visual, y táctil, y tres factores de propensidad a la esquizotipia. Se examinó además una muestra de creyentes en lo paranormal que incluyó 158 participantes, 110 mujeres (69.6%) y 48 varones (30.4%), rango etario 19 a 75 años (Media= 46.83, SD= 11.92), y otra compuesta por 158 participantes estudiantes de psicología, 69% de mujeres y 30% varones (edad media= 46.83), de la Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Ambos grupos completaron la Escala de Imaginería Vívida de Betts, el Cuestionario Barrett de Alucinaciones, y el Cuestionario de Personalidad Esquizotípica. Se encontró mayor intensidad de imaginería visual, auditiva y táctil en el grupo de alucinadores en comparación con los no alucinadores en la muestra de creyentes en lo paranormal, pero no mayor propensión a alucinar. Sin embargo, los alucinadores visuales, auditivos, y táctiles puntuaron más alto en comparación con el factor cognitivo-perceptual que los “no alucinadores”, y se encontró como el mejor discriminador para las modalidades alucinatorias visual, auditiva y táctil en los estudiantes. Es posible concluir que los creyentes en lo paranormal son personas psicológicamente integradas, no obstante el término alucinación debería ser descartado.Alguns estudos sugerem que um elevado grau de crença no paranormal predispõe a experimentar uma variedade de experiências paranormais, inclusive interpretar como paranormais igual ou maior número de experiências perceptuais anormais. A propensão à esquizotipia é outro fator que regula o controle e a manutenção dessas crenças. No presente estudo, são examinadas possíveis diferenças entre “alucinadores” e “não alucinadores”, em uma amostra de indivíduos crentes no paranormal em termos de intensidade da imaginação auditiva, visual e tátil, assim como três fatores da propensão à esquizotipia. Foi avaliado um grupo de crentes no paranormal formado por 158 participantes – 110 mulheres (69,6%) e 48 homens (30,4%) – cuja faixa etária variou de 19 a 75 anos (média = 46,83, desvio padrão = 11,92). Avaliou‑se também outra amostra composta por 158 participantes estudantes de psicologia – 69% mulheres e 30% homens (média = 46,83) – da Universidad Abierta interamericana. Ambos os grupos completaram a escala de imagens vívida de Betts, o questionário Barrett de alucinações e o questionário de personalidade esquizotípica. Foi encontrada maior intensidade de imaginação visual, auditiva e tátil no grupo de alucinadores em comparação com os não alucinadores na amostra de crentes no paranormal, mas não se constatou neles maior propensão à alucinação. No entanto, os alucinadores visuais, auditivos e táteis tiveram uma pontuação mais elevada no fator cognitivo‑perceptual quando comparados com os “não alucinadores”. Nos estudantes, constatou‑se o melhor discriminador para as modalidades alucinatórias visual, auditiva e tátil. É possível concluir que os crentes no paranormal do grupo estudado são pessoas psicologicamente integradas e que o termo alucinação deve ser descartado.Editora Mackenzie2010-03-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881Journal Psychology: Theory and Practice ; Vol. 12 No. 3 (2010); 78-94Revista Psicologia: Teoría y Práctica; Vol. 12 Núm. 3 (2010); 78-94Revista Psicologia: Teoria e Prática; v. 12 n. 3 (2010); 78-941980-69061516-3687reponame:Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online)instname:Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM)instacron:UPMporhttp://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881/2715Parra, Alejandroinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-08-12T12:54:47Zoai:ojs.editorarevistas.mackenzie.br:article/2881Revistahttp://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/indexPRIhttp://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/oairevistapsico@mackenzie.br1980-69061516-3687opendoar:2023-01-12T16:39:42.710181Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online) - Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
Indicadores de Propension a la Esquizotipia entre Individuos Creyentes en lo Paranormal: Examinando la Intensidad de la Imaginería, Esquizotipia y Experiencias Alucinatorias
Indicadores de Propensão à Esquizotipia entre Indivíduos Crentes no Paranormal: Examinando a Intensidade das Imagens, Esquizotipia e Experiências Alucinatórias
title Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
spellingShingle Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
Parra, Alejandro
hallucination experience
imagery
schizotipy
fantasy
paranormal
experiencia alucinatoria
imaginería
esquizotipia
fantasía
paranormal
experiência alucinatória
imagens
esquizotipia
fantasia
paranormal
title_short Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
title_full Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
title_fullStr Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
title_full_unstemmed Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
title_sort Indicators of Proneness to Schizotypy among Believers in the Paranormal: Examining the Intensity of Imagery, Schizotypy, and Hallucinatory Experiences
author Parra, Alejandro
author_facet Parra, Alejandro
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Parra, Alejandro
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv hallucination experience
imagery
schizotipy
fantasy
paranormal
experiencia alucinatoria
imaginería
esquizotipia
fantasía
paranormal
experiência alucinatória
imagens
esquizotipia
fantasia
paranormal
topic hallucination experience
imagery
schizotipy
fantasy
paranormal
experiencia alucinatoria
imaginería
esquizotipia
fantasía
paranormal
experiência alucinatória
imagens
esquizotipia
fantasia
paranormal
description Some studies suggest that a strong belief in the paranormal predisposes one to having a variety of paranormal experiences, or even to an equal or larger extent interpret anomalous perceptual experiences as such. Proneness to shizotypy is another factor that underlies the control and preservation of these beliefs. This study examined possible differences between ”hallucinators” and ”non‑hallucinators”, from a sample of believers in the paranormal, in terms of the intensity of auditory, visual and tactile imagery, as well as three factors of proneness to schizotypy. A sample of 158 believers in the paranormal was examined, including 110 women (69.6%) and 48 men (30.4%), age range 19 to 75 years (m = 46.83, Sd = 11.92). A second sample included 158 psychology students, 69% women and 30% men (age m = 46.83), from the Open interamerican University. Both groups completed Betts’ Vivid imagery Scale, Barrett’s hallucinations questionnaire, and the Schizotypical Personality questionnaire. The results revealed greater intensity of visual, auditory and táctiles imagery by hallucinators as compared to non‑hallucinators among believers in the paranormal, but no greater proneness to hallucinate. However, the visual, auditory and tactile hallucinators scored higher than non‑hallucinators on the cognitive‑perceptual factor, which also appeared as the best discriminator of visual, auditory and tactile hallucinatory modalities in the student sample. A possible conclusion is that believers in the paranormal are psychologically integrated individuals; nevertheless the term ”hallucination” should be abandoned.
publishDate 2010
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2010-03-28
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881
url http://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/ptp/article/view/2881/2715
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Editora Mackenzie
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Editora Mackenzie
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Journal Psychology: Theory and Practice ; Vol. 12 No. 3 (2010); 78-94
Revista Psicologia: Teoría y Práctica; Vol. 12 Núm. 3 (2010); 78-94
Revista Psicologia: Teoria e Prática; v. 12 n. 3 (2010); 78-94
1980-6906
1516-3687
reponame:Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online)
instname:Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM)
instacron:UPM
instname_str Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM)
instacron_str UPM
institution UPM
reponame_str Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online)
collection Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Psicologia (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Online) - Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv revistapsico@mackenzie.br
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