As recentes políticas industriais automotivas brasileiras : uma comparação com as trajetórias tecnológicas alemãs

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Vitória Batista Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do Mackenzie
• Texto Completo: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/26612
• topic: inovar-auto; rota 2030; Brasil; Alemanha; política Industrial; inovação; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

The main objective of this study was to compare the Brazilian Inovar-Auto and Rota 2030 programs with the development policies of the automotive sector that occurred since 2008 in Germany, in order to understand how innovation and technology is created for the automotive sector in Brazil, and how it fits into the context of the sector's global value chain. The justification for the study of this theme is related with the country's positioning in the global production chain of the automobile industry, given that if Brazil does not show itself to be aligned with the parameters of sustainability and investments in Research and Development (R&D) led by the countries mentioned, this may mean an exclusion from the future scenario of international competition from the automotive sector. To make such a comparison, a qualitative research was carried out, through a comparative analysis of the incentive policies for the automotive sector in both countries and, at the end, indicators that aim to illustrate the evolution of innovation in the automotive sector in both countries will be presented, based on the Innovation Survey (PINTEC) for the Brazilian case, calculated by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), and the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) for Germany, whose results are made available by the Leibniz Center for European Economic Research (ZEW). In addition, information contained in the sector reports of the main agencies for promoting research and innovation regarding to the countries were used, considering the ambitions in relation to the increase in the production of electric, hybrid and even autonomous vehicles. The argumentation structure of the work was based on theoretical concepts of industrial policy as something that aims at innovation, considering the most recent incentive programs for the automotive sector that took place in Germany in comparison with the Inovar-Auto programs, and its continuation expressed in Route 2030. Indicators such as the rate of innovation, technological intensity, expenditure on activities related to R&D, among others, for the period 2008-2017 are analyzed. The choice for the period occurred because 2008 is the year in which Brazil has already initiated a policy of reducing the Tax on Industrialized Products (IPI) for the automotive sector, and because 2017 is the last year of the Inovar-Auto Program. The results indicated that Germany has higher percentages of investment in R&D in the automotive sector when compared to Brazil, in addition to prioritizing cooperation relations with other actors in the innovation process, as is the case with universities. In addition, it was possible to identify that the degree of technological intensity of the automotive sector in Brazil decreased over the periods analyzed. Finally, some aspects that may contribute to the planning of industrial policies in the Brazilian automotive sector were discussed.