Conflitos, caça e conservação da fauna silvestre

• Autor(a) principal: TORRES, Denise de Freitas
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8374
• topic: Animal silvestre; Etnozoologia; Animal doméstico; Caça; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS

Conflicts between people and wild animals occur when the action of one has a negative effect on the other. Conflicts have been recorded around the world and involve different animal taxa. The factors that motivate such conflicts are mainly the direct attack of predators on humans and domestic animals and the degradation of crops. The present study presents, through a review of the literature on conflicts between humans and terrestrial vertebrates, a global picture of these conflicts and their implications. Through this review, we sought to inventory the species of wild animals involved in the conflicts and to analyze how the incidence of these conflicts is distributed among countries and continents. This study also contributes to the research related to the conflicts between people and wild animals, mainly in the context of the northeastern region of Brazil, from the characterization of conflicts between terrestrial vertebrates and small farmers, investigating the main motivations of the conflicts, the context of its occurrence and how people respond to these conflicts. This stage of work was developed in two rural communities, located in the municipalities of Lajes and Riachuelo, located in a semi-arid region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This study aimed to investigate the types of conflicts that exist in relation to the developed agricultural activities, the wild species in conflict and the methods used by the people to mitigate the conflicts that have occurred. Overall, the results indicated that damage to agricultural crops and attacks on domestic animals are the most common factors of conflict, that non-lethal methods of conflict mitigation are most commonly used for conflicts with birds and crops, whereas animals considered to be dangerous are more impacted by the use of lethal methods. The results also showed that countries with the lowest HDI indexes had the highest incidences of conflicts and that socioeconomic factors such as income, age and family size influenced the memory of conflicts. In this perspective, ethnozoological studies can provide important contributions, since they serve as a tool to access the different scenarios in which the conflicts occur and the factors that are associated with them, directing the actions and contributing to the development of strategies of management and conservation of the species, while contributing to the maintenance of developed human activities.