Polimorfismo floral e polinização em Palicourea coriacea (Cham.) K. Schum. (Rubiaceae) no cerrado do Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: SÁ, Túlio Freitas Filgueira de
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7270
• topic: Polimorfismo; Palicourea coriacea; Polinização; Palicourea officinalis; Heterostilia; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA

The heterostyly is described as a floral polymorphism characterized by the presence of reciprocal herkogamy (HR) having two floral morphs, pin flowers (stigma above the anthers) and thrum flowers (stigma below the anthers). Reciprocal herkogamy and the presence of a system of self-incompatibility and intramorphic incompatibility are considered as requirements for the characterization of distily species. The inaccuracy and maladaptation are methods to evaluate the reciprocal herkogamy in which it measures the contact of the stigmas with the corresponding anthers, determining the mean point of the corresponding organs and infers the degree of deviation of the corresponding reciprocal sexual organs from the most reciprocal point of the flower. In a geographical context, species with wide distribution are subject to greater changes in floral traits due to selective pressures represented by environmental conditions. The deposition heteroespecífica pollen may result from a high degree of reciprocal herkogamy (reciprocal positions of organs between morphs) interspecific contamination due to pollen of other species may change the fertilization of plant species. The objectives of this is study were characterize the polymorphism of Palicourea coriacea and to study the effect on the removal and deposition of pollen from Palicourea officinalis on P. coriacea. In the first chapter, the HR calculations indicate that the species can be considered distylous, with a low degree of inaccuracy in populations. In addition, the phenotypic variation in P. coriacea is a consequence of the extensive variation of maladaptation among populations. It is believed that this continuous variation in the size of the reproductive organs has a positive effect, making populations in general with a high degree of reciprocal herkogamy. Characterize the type of exact floral polymorphism is essential for realization of future functional and evolutionary studies in this group of plants. In the second chapter, the results demonstrated competition among co-generic species sharing the same pollinator. Although no differentiation between species of pollen, it is believed the deposition of interspecific pollen P. coriacea when the species share the same space according to the experimental cage, floral visitation, pollen deposition and removal. In addition, reciprocal hercogamy interspecific being stronger than the intraspecific indicates that the pollen attachment sites in the pollinator body are similar to the removal and deposition in both species and even more accurate in depositing illegitimate pollen on the P. coriacea stigmas. T he species diverged early reproductive phenology, but cofloresceram for 4 weeks. Among the species of Palicourea there is competition for visits, however, the presence of P. officinalis seems to have a positive effect due to the increase in the number of visits when P. coriacea does not share the same space with the competing species. Thus, the effect of cofloration seems to result in the process of competition and facilitation at the same time according to the presence and absence of the competing species.