Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Rucinque, Daniel Santiago
Data de Publicação: 2021
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30042021-121501/
Resumo: Chapter 1 presents a brief introduction to the subject and the aim of these. Chapter 2 assessed Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils as anaesthetics in Nile tilapia and their influence on the aroma. For the anaesthetic evaluation, Nile tilapia were divided into four groups: ethanol (ET), 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA), all at 500 µL/L. OA or LA essential oils at 500 µL/L were effective in inducing deep anaesthesia with unconsciousness duration of 126 s, allowing time for bleeding. Anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba essential oils may be indicated as an alternative to hypothermia at pre-slaughter handling of fish in Brazil. Chapter 3 aimed to assess mechanical spiking and electrical stunning as methods to induce unconsciousness in Nile tilapia, and their effects on rigor mortis. Nile tilapia were divided into three groups, two groups for spiking and one group for electrical stunning. Mechanical spiking with lateral access is effective to induce unconsciousness without recovery, delaying the onset of rigor mortis in Nile tilapia, thus its use in an automatic system could be an alternative to traditional slaughter of hypothermia in Brazil. Chapter 4 aimed to assess unconsciousness using electroencephalography EEG in Nile tilapia under different methods at pre-slaughter. Nile tilapia were divided in five different methods at pre-slaughter: anaesthesia with phenoxyethanol at 1 mL/L (PE), anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils at 500 µL/L, spiking (SP) and hypothermia in ice/water (2:1). The median time (s) to lose consciousness as represented by the suppressed phase was PE (136 ± 61), OA (171 ± 164), LA (171.5 ±77.8) and HP (252 ± 752) (P<0.01). Spectral analysis suggested unconsciousness after 3 minutes of exposure to PE, OA or LA due to the decreases in Ptot, F50 and F95, and also the increase in contribution from the delta frequency and decrease in contribution from the beta frequency. The values obtained in the spectral analysis for fish submitted to HP suggest that this method does not induce unconsciousness. When used in Nile tilapia, phenoxyethanol-like anaesthetic showed both EEG traces and spectral analyses consistent with unconsciousness after 140 s of immersion. Anaesthesia with 500µL/L of the essential oils Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba induced unconsciousness after 180 s of immersion, as determined by EEG. The use of hypothermia at pre-slaughter of Nile tilapia does not induce unconsciousness and should be urgently substituted by methods that meet criteria of humane slaughter. Chapter 5 assessed the influence of different pre-slaughter methods: hypothermia live chilling (HP); anaesthesia with the essential oils Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) and mechanical spiking (SP) on the meat quality parameters of Nile tilapia stored under refrigeration for 15 days. The use of mechanical spiking and anaesthesia with the Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils in Nile tilapia did not negatively change the following quality parameters of the meat: pH value, rigor mortis, TVB-N and K-value as compared to the traditional method of hypothermia.
id USP_0c25cc16e3436b423b9cac2690090406
oai_identifier_str oai:teses.usp.br:tde-30042021-121501
network_acronym_str USP
network_name_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository_id_str 2721
spelling Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapiaAvaliação de inconsciência, por meio de eletroencefalografia (EEG), no processo de insensibilização para abate humanitário de tilápia do NiloAbateAnaesthesiaAnestesiaAnimal welfareBehaviour indicatorsBem-estar animalBem-estar de peixesEssential oilsFish welfareHipotermiaHypothermiaIndicadores de comportamentoInsensibilizaçãoMeat qualityÓleos essenciaisQualidade da carneSlaughterStunningUnconsciousnessChapter 1 presents a brief introduction to the subject and the aim of these. Chapter 2 assessed Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils as anaesthetics in Nile tilapia and their influence on the aroma. For the anaesthetic evaluation, Nile tilapia were divided into four groups: ethanol (ET), 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA), all at 500 µL/L. OA or LA essential oils at 500 µL/L were effective in inducing deep anaesthesia with unconsciousness duration of 126 s, allowing time for bleeding. Anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba essential oils may be indicated as an alternative to hypothermia at pre-slaughter handling of fish in Brazil. Chapter 3 aimed to assess mechanical spiking and electrical stunning as methods to induce unconsciousness in Nile tilapia, and their effects on rigor mortis. Nile tilapia were divided into three groups, two groups for spiking and one group for electrical stunning. Mechanical spiking with lateral access is effective to induce unconsciousness without recovery, delaying the onset of rigor mortis in Nile tilapia, thus its use in an automatic system could be an alternative to traditional slaughter of hypothermia in Brazil. Chapter 4 aimed to assess unconsciousness using electroencephalography EEG in Nile tilapia under different methods at pre-slaughter. Nile tilapia were divided in five different methods at pre-slaughter: anaesthesia with phenoxyethanol at 1 mL/L (PE), anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils at 500 µL/L, spiking (SP) and hypothermia in ice/water (2:1). The median time (s) to lose consciousness as represented by the suppressed phase was PE (136 ± 61), OA (171 ± 164), LA (171.5 ±77.8) and HP (252 ± 752) (P<0.01). Spectral analysis suggested unconsciousness after 3 minutes of exposure to PE, OA or LA due to the decreases in Ptot, F50 and F95, and also the increase in contribution from the delta frequency and decrease in contribution from the beta frequency. The values obtained in the spectral analysis for fish submitted to HP suggest that this method does not induce unconsciousness. When used in Nile tilapia, phenoxyethanol-like anaesthetic showed both EEG traces and spectral analyses consistent with unconsciousness after 140 s of immersion. Anaesthesia with 500µL/L of the essential oils Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba induced unconsciousness after 180 s of immersion, as determined by EEG. The use of hypothermia at pre-slaughter of Nile tilapia does not induce unconsciousness and should be urgently substituted by methods that meet criteria of humane slaughter. Chapter 5 assessed the influence of different pre-slaughter methods: hypothermia live chilling (HP); anaesthesia with the essential oils Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) and mechanical spiking (SP) on the meat quality parameters of Nile tilapia stored under refrigeration for 15 days. The use of mechanical spiking and anaesthesia with the Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils in Nile tilapia did not negatively change the following quality parameters of the meat: pH value, rigor mortis, TVB-N and K-value as compared to the traditional method of hypothermia.No Capítulo 1 apresenta-se uma breve introdução ao assunto, assim como os objetivos da tese. No Capítulo 2 o objetivo foi avaliar os óleos essenciais de Ocimum americanum (OA) ou Lippia alba (LA) como anestésicos para tilápia do Nilo, assim como a influência dos mesmos no aroma e sabor dos filés. Para a avaliação anestésica, tilápias do Nilo foram divididas em 4 grupos: etanol (ET), 2-fenoxietanol (PE) e óleos essenciais de Ocimum americanum (OA) ou Lippia alba (LA). Óleos essenciais de OA ou LA a 500 µL/L foram efetivos para indução de anestesia profunda com uma duração da inconsciência que permitiu a sangria. Anestesia com óleos essenciais de Ocimum americanum ou Lippia alba podem ser indicados como uma alternativa à hipotermia no pré-abate de peixes no Brasil. No Capítulo 3 o objetivo foi avaliar a percussão mecânica perfurante Spiking e a eletronarcose como métodos para indução de inconsciência, e seus efeitos sobre o rigor mortis. Tilápias do Nilo foram divididas em três grupos, dois para percussão mecânica e um grupo para eletronarcose. A percussão mecânica com acesso lateral foi efetiva para induzir inconsciência sem recuperação em tilápia do Nilo, e seu uso em sistema automatizado pode ser uma alternativa ao método tradicional de hipotermia no Brasil. No Capítulo 4 foi avaliada a inconsciência por meio de eletroencefalografia (EEG) em tilápias do Nilo submetidas a diferentes métodos ao pré-abate. Tilápias do Nilo foram divididas em cinco diferentes grupos para avaliar métodos no período pré-abate, anestesia com 2-fenoxietanol 1 ml/L (PE), anestesia com óleos essências de Ocimum americanum (OA) ou Lippia alba a 500 µL/L, spiking (SP) e hipotermia (HP). A mediana de tempo (s) para perder a consciência representada pela fase suprimida foi PE (136 ± 61), OA (171 ± 164), LA (171.5 ±77.8) e HP (252 ± 752) (P<0.01). A análise espectral sugere inconsciência após 3 minutos de exposição aos anestésicos PE, OA, LA devido à diminuição de Ptot, F50 e F95 e incremento na contribuição de frequências delta e diminuição nas frequências de beta. Os valores de HP sugerem que tal método não induz inconsciência. Anestesia com Ocimum americanum ou Lippia alba induz inconsciência determinada por EEG após 180 s de imersão. O uso da hipotermia não induz inconsciência em tilápia do Nilo e não cumpre com critérios de abate humanitário, sendo urgente sua substituição por métodos que cumpram critérios de abate humanitário. No Capítulo 5 o objetivo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes métodos pré-abate: hipotermia (HP), anestesia com os óleos essências de Ocimum americanum (OA) ou Lippia alba e spiking (SP) sobre parâmetros da qualidade da carne de tilápia sem evisceração e refrigerada durante 15 dias. O uso da percussão mecânica spiking (SP) e anestesia com óleos essenciais de Ocimum americanum (OA) ou Lippia alba (LA) em tilápia do Nilo sob refrigeração não alterou negativamente os seguintes parâmetros de qualidade da carne pH, rigor mortis, TVB-N e valor K quando comparado ao método tradicional de hipotermia.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPViegas, Elisabete Maria MacedoRucinque, Daniel Santiago2021-01-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttps://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30042021-121501/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPLiberar o conteúdo para acesso público.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2022-03-30T14:18:15Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-30042021-121501Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212022-03-30T14:18:15Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
Avaliação de inconsciência, por meio de eletroencefalografia (EEG), no processo de insensibilização para abate humanitário de tilápia do Nilo
title Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
spellingShingle Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
Rucinque, Daniel Santiago
Abate
Anaesthesia
Anestesia
Animal welfare
Behaviour indicators
Bem-estar animal
Bem-estar de peixes
Essential oils
Fish welfare
Hipotermia
Hypothermia
Indicadores de comportamento
Insensibilização
Meat quality
Óleos essenciais
Qualidade da carne
Slaughter
Stunning
Unconsciousness
title_short Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
title_full Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
title_fullStr Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
title_full_unstemmed Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
title_sort Unconsciousness assessment through electroencephalography (EEG), in the process of stunning for humane slaughter of Nile tilapia
author Rucinque, Daniel Santiago
author_facet Rucinque, Daniel Santiago
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Viegas, Elisabete Maria Macedo
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Rucinque, Daniel Santiago
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Abate
Anaesthesia
Anestesia
Animal welfare
Behaviour indicators
Bem-estar animal
Bem-estar de peixes
Essential oils
Fish welfare
Hipotermia
Hypothermia
Indicadores de comportamento
Insensibilização
Meat quality
Óleos essenciais
Qualidade da carne
Slaughter
Stunning
Unconsciousness
topic Abate
Anaesthesia
Anestesia
Animal welfare
Behaviour indicators
Bem-estar animal
Bem-estar de peixes
Essential oils
Fish welfare
Hipotermia
Hypothermia
Indicadores de comportamento
Insensibilização
Meat quality
Óleos essenciais
Qualidade da carne
Slaughter
Stunning
Unconsciousness
description Chapter 1 presents a brief introduction to the subject and the aim of these. Chapter 2 assessed Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils as anaesthetics in Nile tilapia and their influence on the aroma. For the anaesthetic evaluation, Nile tilapia were divided into four groups: ethanol (ET), 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA), all at 500 µL/L. OA or LA essential oils at 500 µL/L were effective in inducing deep anaesthesia with unconsciousness duration of 126 s, allowing time for bleeding. Anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba essential oils may be indicated as an alternative to hypothermia at pre-slaughter handling of fish in Brazil. Chapter 3 aimed to assess mechanical spiking and electrical stunning as methods to induce unconsciousness in Nile tilapia, and their effects on rigor mortis. Nile tilapia were divided into three groups, two groups for spiking and one group for electrical stunning. Mechanical spiking with lateral access is effective to induce unconsciousness without recovery, delaying the onset of rigor mortis in Nile tilapia, thus its use in an automatic system could be an alternative to traditional slaughter of hypothermia in Brazil. Chapter 4 aimed to assess unconsciousness using electroencephalography EEG in Nile tilapia under different methods at pre-slaughter. Nile tilapia were divided in five different methods at pre-slaughter: anaesthesia with phenoxyethanol at 1 mL/L (PE), anaesthesia with Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils at 500 µL/L, spiking (SP) and hypothermia in ice/water (2:1). The median time (s) to lose consciousness as represented by the suppressed phase was PE (136 ± 61), OA (171 ± 164), LA (171.5 ±77.8) and HP (252 ± 752) (P<0.01). Spectral analysis suggested unconsciousness after 3 minutes of exposure to PE, OA or LA due to the decreases in Ptot, F50 and F95, and also the increase in contribution from the delta frequency and decrease in contribution from the beta frequency. The values obtained in the spectral analysis for fish submitted to HP suggest that this method does not induce unconsciousness. When used in Nile tilapia, phenoxyethanol-like anaesthetic showed both EEG traces and spectral analyses consistent with unconsciousness after 140 s of immersion. Anaesthesia with 500µL/L of the essential oils Ocimum americanum or Lippia alba induced unconsciousness after 180 s of immersion, as determined by EEG. The use of hypothermia at pre-slaughter of Nile tilapia does not induce unconsciousness and should be urgently substituted by methods that meet criteria of humane slaughter. Chapter 5 assessed the influence of different pre-slaughter methods: hypothermia live chilling (HP); anaesthesia with the essential oils Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) and mechanical spiking (SP) on the meat quality parameters of Nile tilapia stored under refrigeration for 15 days. The use of mechanical spiking and anaesthesia with the Ocimum americanum (OA) or Lippia alba (LA) essential oils in Nile tilapia did not negatively change the following quality parameters of the meat: pH value, rigor mortis, TVB-N and K-value as compared to the traditional method of hypothermia.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-01-27
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30042021-121501/
url https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30042021-121501/
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.none.fl_str_mv
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
collection Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv virginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.br
_version_ 1809091197998727168