Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Pantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade
Data de Publicação: 2022
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-07022023-085254/
Resumo: The overall objective of the study is to characterize the physiological versatility of sheep breed, through thermoregulatory and cellular responses, in biomarkers and morphological and endocrine changes during heat stress. The work was composed of two experiments that were carried out at the Fernando Costa Campus (FZEA) at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. In the first experiment, twenty-four non-pregnant and 18 pregnant Santa Inês ewes (black coat) were used, the animals were evaluated during two consecutive heat waves and in thermoneutrality conditions. During the experiment, weather variables (air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation), physiological variables (rectal temperature, tympanic temperature and respiratory rate) and hormonal variables (triiodothyronine and prolactin) were recorded. In the second experiment, 80 Santa Inês sheep (black coat) were used, divided randomly in 4 experimental groups (20 animals) housed in paddocks with Aruana grass. Afterwards, each group was kept for seven days in the climatic chamber with a temperature of 36°C (10:00 am to 4:00 pm) and with a reduction of the thermostat to 26 °C from 4:00 pm to 10:00 am. At the end of each cycle, samples were taken of rectal temperature and respiratory rate, ocular surface temperature by infrared thermography and blood for T3 and insulin concentration analysis at 1:00 pm, 4:00 pm, 7:00 pm, 9:00 pm, 1:00 am, 4:00 am, 7:00 am, 10:00 am. Also, skin samples were collected for histological examination in order to evaluate the structure and morphology of the sweat glands. At this moment, microfragments were collected from skin to perform the transcriptome to evaluate the gene expression of possible genes involved in heat tolerance. Physiological parameters were used to select animals high heat tolerant (HHT) and low heat tolerant (LHT), and only these will be evaluated for T3 and insulin concentrations and gene expression. Data analyzed were performed using the statistical program Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2017). In experiment 1, the physiological variables of pregnant and non-pregnant animals were higher under heat wave conditions and were related to the activation of the thermoregulatory system to maintaining homeothermy. The core body temperature was higher during successive heat waves, as was tympanic temperature, both affected by changes in air temperature. In experiment 2, LHT sheep had higher rectal temperature and right antimere throughout the day. LHT Animals accumulated more heat and needed more time to dissipate excess heat than HHT sheep and finally, 15 genes were found differentially expressed between animals with low and high heat tolerance. The five differentially expressed (DE) genes were upregulated and 10 DE genes were downregulated in the HHT compared with the LHT group. It was possible to identify individuality in relation to thermoregulation capacity and heat tolerance in Santa Inês sheep in the studied group. Further studies are needed to understand how gene regulation behaves in hair sheep.
id USP_51ece2ca85c09579666db2cb75bfd21f
oai_identifier_str oai:teses.usp.br:tde-07022023-085254
network_acronym_str USP
network_name_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository_id_str 2721
spelling Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approachResposta de termorregulação em ovinos: abordagem celularOvis ariesOvis ariesAcclimationAclimataçãoTermóliseThermolysisTranscriptomaTranscriptomeThe overall objective of the study is to characterize the physiological versatility of sheep breed, through thermoregulatory and cellular responses, in biomarkers and morphological and endocrine changes during heat stress. The work was composed of two experiments that were carried out at the Fernando Costa Campus (FZEA) at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. In the first experiment, twenty-four non-pregnant and 18 pregnant Santa Inês ewes (black coat) were used, the animals were evaluated during two consecutive heat waves and in thermoneutrality conditions. During the experiment, weather variables (air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation), physiological variables (rectal temperature, tympanic temperature and respiratory rate) and hormonal variables (triiodothyronine and prolactin) were recorded. In the second experiment, 80 Santa Inês sheep (black coat) were used, divided randomly in 4 experimental groups (20 animals) housed in paddocks with Aruana grass. Afterwards, each group was kept for seven days in the climatic chamber with a temperature of 36°C (10:00 am to 4:00 pm) and with a reduction of the thermostat to 26 °C from 4:00 pm to 10:00 am. At the end of each cycle, samples were taken of rectal temperature and respiratory rate, ocular surface temperature by infrared thermography and blood for T3 and insulin concentration analysis at 1:00 pm, 4:00 pm, 7:00 pm, 9:00 pm, 1:00 am, 4:00 am, 7:00 am, 10:00 am. Also, skin samples were collected for histological examination in order to evaluate the structure and morphology of the sweat glands. At this moment, microfragments were collected from skin to perform the transcriptome to evaluate the gene expression of possible genes involved in heat tolerance. Physiological parameters were used to select animals high heat tolerant (HHT) and low heat tolerant (LHT), and only these will be evaluated for T3 and insulin concentrations and gene expression. Data analyzed were performed using the statistical program Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2017). In experiment 1, the physiological variables of pregnant and non-pregnant animals were higher under heat wave conditions and were related to the activation of the thermoregulatory system to maintaining homeothermy. The core body temperature was higher during successive heat waves, as was tympanic temperature, both affected by changes in air temperature. In experiment 2, LHT sheep had higher rectal temperature and right antimere throughout the day. LHT Animals accumulated more heat and needed more time to dissipate excess heat than HHT sheep and finally, 15 genes were found differentially expressed between animals with low and high heat tolerance. The five differentially expressed (DE) genes were upregulated and 10 DE genes were downregulated in the HHT compared with the LHT group. It was possible to identify individuality in relation to thermoregulation capacity and heat tolerance in Santa Inês sheep in the studied group. Further studies are needed to understand how gene regulation behaves in hair sheep.O objetivo deste estudo é a identificação de diferenças fisiológicas e metabólicas entre ovinos mais e menos tolerantes ao calor, por meio da caracterização das alterações morfológicas, endócrinas e moleculares durante o estresse por calor. O trabalho foi composto por dois experimentos que foram conduzidos no Campus Fernando Costa (FZEA) da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas 24 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês (pelagem preta) prenhes e 18 não prenhes, os animais foram avaliados durante duas ondas de calor consecutivas e em condições de termoneutralidade. Durante experimento foram registrados dados meteorológicos (temperatura do ar, umidade relativa e radiação solar), variáveis fisiológicas (temperatura retal, timpânica e frequência respiratória) e hormonais (triiodotironina e prolactina). No segundo experimento foram utilizadas 80 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês (pelagem preta), distribuídas aleatoriamente em 4 grupos experimentais (20 animais) alojados em piquetes com capim Aruana. Posteriormente, cada grupo foi mantido 7 dias na Câmara climática com temperatura média de 36°C (10h00 às 16h00) e com redução de no termostato para 26 °C a partir das 16h00 às 10h00. Ao final de cada ciclo foram realizadas amostragens de temperatura retal e frequência respiratória, temperatura da superfície ocular por termografia infravermelho e sangue para análise de concentração de T3 às 13h, 16h, 19h, 21h, 1h, 4h, 7h, 10h. Também, foram colhidas amostras de pele para exame histológico, de forma a avaliar a estrutura e a morfologia das glândulas sudoríparas. Neste momento foram colhidos microfragmentos de pele para a realização da transcriptoma para avaliar a expressão gênica de possíveis genes envolvidos na tolerância ao calor. Foram utilizados os parâmetros fisiológicos para selecionar animais com alta tolerância ao calor (HHT) e animais com baixa tolerância ao calor (LHT), e apenas nestes foram avaliadas as concentrações de cortisol e a expressão gênica. As análises de dados foram realizadas com auxílio do programa estatístico Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2017). No experimento 1, as variáveis fisiológicas de animais gestantes e não gestantes foram maiores nas condições de onda de calor e foram relacionadas à ativação do sistema termorregulador para manutenção da homeotermia. A temperatura corporal central foi maior durante as ondas de calor sucessivas, assim como a temperatura timpânica, ambas afetadas por mudanças na temperatura do ar. No experimento 2, ovelhas de LHT apresentaram temperaturas retais e antímeros direitos mais elevados ao longo do dia. Animais com LHT acumularam mais calor e precisaram de mais tempo para dissipar o excesso de calor do que ovelhas com HHT e por fim, foram encontrados 15 genes diferencialmente expressos entre animais de baixa e alta tolerância ao calor. Os cinco genes diferencialmente expressos (DE) foram upregulated e 10 genes DE foram downregulated no HHT em comparação com o grupo LHT. Foi possível identificar individualidade em relação à capacidade de termorregulação e tolerância ao calor em ovinos Santa Inês no grupo estudado. Estudos mais aprofundados são necessários para entender como a regulação genica se comporta em ovinos deslanados.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPTitto, Cristiane GonçalvesPantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade2022-06-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttps://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-07022023-085254/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPLiberar o conteúdo para acesso público.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2023-02-07T16:48:13Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-07022023-085254Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212023-02-07T16:48:13Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
Resposta de termorregulação em ovinos: abordagem celular
title Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
spellingShingle Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
Pantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade
Ovis aries
Ovis aries
Acclimation
Aclimatação
Termólise
Thermolysis
Transcriptoma
Transcriptome
title_short Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
title_full Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
title_fullStr Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
title_full_unstemmed Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
title_sort Thermoregulation responses in sheep: a cellular approach
author Pantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade
author_facet Pantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Titto, Cristiane Gonçalves
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Pantoja, Messy Hannear de Andrade
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Ovis aries
Ovis aries
Acclimation
Aclimatação
Termólise
Thermolysis
Transcriptoma
Transcriptome
topic Ovis aries
Ovis aries
Acclimation
Aclimatação
Termólise
Thermolysis
Transcriptoma
Transcriptome
description The overall objective of the study is to characterize the physiological versatility of sheep breed, through thermoregulatory and cellular responses, in biomarkers and morphological and endocrine changes during heat stress. The work was composed of two experiments that were carried out at the Fernando Costa Campus (FZEA) at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. In the first experiment, twenty-four non-pregnant and 18 pregnant Santa Inês ewes (black coat) were used, the animals were evaluated during two consecutive heat waves and in thermoneutrality conditions. During the experiment, weather variables (air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation), physiological variables (rectal temperature, tympanic temperature and respiratory rate) and hormonal variables (triiodothyronine and prolactin) were recorded. In the second experiment, 80 Santa Inês sheep (black coat) were used, divided randomly in 4 experimental groups (20 animals) housed in paddocks with Aruana grass. Afterwards, each group was kept for seven days in the climatic chamber with a temperature of 36°C (10:00 am to 4:00 pm) and with a reduction of the thermostat to 26 °C from 4:00 pm to 10:00 am. At the end of each cycle, samples were taken of rectal temperature and respiratory rate, ocular surface temperature by infrared thermography and blood for T3 and insulin concentration analysis at 1:00 pm, 4:00 pm, 7:00 pm, 9:00 pm, 1:00 am, 4:00 am, 7:00 am, 10:00 am. Also, skin samples were collected for histological examination in order to evaluate the structure and morphology of the sweat glands. At this moment, microfragments were collected from skin to perform the transcriptome to evaluate the gene expression of possible genes involved in heat tolerance. Physiological parameters were used to select animals high heat tolerant (HHT) and low heat tolerant (LHT), and only these will be evaluated for T3 and insulin concentrations and gene expression. Data analyzed were performed using the statistical program Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2017). In experiment 1, the physiological variables of pregnant and non-pregnant animals were higher under heat wave conditions and were related to the activation of the thermoregulatory system to maintaining homeothermy. The core body temperature was higher during successive heat waves, as was tympanic temperature, both affected by changes in air temperature. In experiment 2, LHT sheep had higher rectal temperature and right antimere throughout the day. LHT Animals accumulated more heat and needed more time to dissipate excess heat than HHT sheep and finally, 15 genes were found differentially expressed between animals with low and high heat tolerance. The five differentially expressed (DE) genes were upregulated and 10 DE genes were downregulated in the HHT compared with the LHT group. It was possible to identify individuality in relation to thermoregulation capacity and heat tolerance in Santa Inês sheep in the studied group. Further studies are needed to understand how gene regulation behaves in hair sheep.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-06-15
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-07022023-085254/
url https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-07022023-085254/
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.none.fl_str_mv
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
collection Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv virginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.br
_version_ 1815256776464924672