European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Nielson Aparecido Pasqualotto Salvador
Data de Publicação: 2023
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2023.tde-20022024-101556
Resumo: Non-native species invasion is a major driver of biodiversity loss. In South America, European hare (Lepus europaeus() was introduced in the late 19th in central Argentina and Chile and rapidly expanded its distribution northwards, likely reaching southeastern Brazil during the last decade. Despite the significant environmental damage that European hare has caused to recipient communities worldwide, little attention has been given to uncover the main drivers of this non-native species occupancy and local abundance in the Neotropics, and the influence of this non- native hare on the Brazilian cottontail probability of using native Neotropical habitats in southeastern Brazil. In this doctoral thesis, I used two data sets obtained from agriculturally dominated landscapes of southeastern Brazil to investigate i) the main occupancy drivers of the European hare, assessing support for the disturbance and biotic resistance hypotheses (Chapter I); ii) the relative importance of spatial (compositional and configurational) and temporal heterogeneity compared to the amount of land cover types as predictors of the European hare local abundance (Chapter II); and iii) the influence of the presence of European hares and the proximity of farmhouses on the habitat of the Brazilian cottontail from southeastern Brazil (Sylvilagus minensis). The two datasets were designed to provide 1) similar sampling effort among areas dominated by native habitats (inside protected areas) and areas where agricultural lands and native habitats coexist (outside protected areas) and relative large sample size (n=205) in a more geographically restricted area (> 0.03 Mha; dataset 1); and 2) a more comprehensive sampling of sites (n=55) embedded in agricultural dominated landscapes located in a much wider area (> 3Mha; dataset 2). I used occupancy modeling to investigate a priori my defined hypotheses while explicitly accounting for detection errors. The main findings indicated that i) European hare occupancy is mainly driven by the niche opportunities created by human-disturbed habitats; biotic resistance plays a secondary role and likely only due to native forest, ii) local abundance of European hare was high in areas with high diversity of land cover types, including sugarcane but no savanna and species abundance estimates were low and did not vary dramatically among sites suggesting this non-native species have not yet attained high local density in our study area; and iii) the Brazilian cottontail is more likely to use sites predominantly covered by native forest and away from farmhouses, regardless of the European hare presence, suggesting that these two species are spatially segregating due to different habitat preferences rather than European hare competitively excluding the native cottontail. Collectively, these findings improve our understanding of the success of the European hare invasion in the Neotropics, and also provide valuable insights into the interaction of the European hare with a native cottontail and future of this invasion process in South America.
id USP_b8ea0f6a8927ba3a22e533bc00f037ed
oai_identifier_str oai:teses.usp.br:tde-20022024-101556
network_acronym_str USP
network_name_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository_id_str 2721
spelling info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution Invasão da lebre europeia no sudeste do Brasil: identificação dos fatores determinantes da ocupação e abundância e análise do efeito do invasor na distribuição espacial do tapeti 2023-12-06Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAna Paula CarmignottoGonçalo Nuno Côrte-Real Ferraz de OliveiraMauro Galetti RodriguesClarissa Alves da RosaNielson Aparecido Pasqualotto SalvadorUniversidade de São PauloEcologia de AgroecossistemasUSPBR Lepus europaeus Lepus europaeus Alien species Anthropogenic disturbance Biologia da invasão Distúrbio antrópico Espécies exóticas Heterogeneidade de paisagem Invasive biology Landscape heterogeneity Tapeti Tapeti Non-native species invasion is a major driver of biodiversity loss. In South America, European hare (Lepus europaeus() was introduced in the late 19th in central Argentina and Chile and rapidly expanded its distribution northwards, likely reaching southeastern Brazil during the last decade. Despite the significant environmental damage that European hare has caused to recipient communities worldwide, little attention has been given to uncover the main drivers of this non-native species occupancy and local abundance in the Neotropics, and the influence of this non- native hare on the Brazilian cottontail probability of using native Neotropical habitats in southeastern Brazil. In this doctoral thesis, I used two data sets obtained from agriculturally dominated landscapes of southeastern Brazil to investigate i) the main occupancy drivers of the European hare, assessing support for the disturbance and biotic resistance hypotheses (Chapter I); ii) the relative importance of spatial (compositional and configurational) and temporal heterogeneity compared to the amount of land cover types as predictors of the European hare local abundance (Chapter II); and iii) the influence of the presence of European hares and the proximity of farmhouses on the habitat of the Brazilian cottontail from southeastern Brazil (Sylvilagus minensis). The two datasets were designed to provide 1) similar sampling effort among areas dominated by native habitats (inside protected areas) and areas where agricultural lands and native habitats coexist (outside protected areas) and relative large sample size (n=205) in a more geographically restricted area (> 0.03 Mha; dataset 1); and 2) a more comprehensive sampling of sites (n=55) embedded in agricultural dominated landscapes located in a much wider area (> 3Mha; dataset 2). I used occupancy modeling to investigate a priori my defined hypotheses while explicitly accounting for detection errors. The main findings indicated that i) European hare occupancy is mainly driven by the niche opportunities created by human-disturbed habitats; biotic resistance plays a secondary role and likely only due to native forest, ii) local abundance of European hare was high in areas with high diversity of land cover types, including sugarcane but no savanna and species abundance estimates were low and did not vary dramatically among sites suggesting this non-native species have not yet attained high local density in our study area; and iii) the Brazilian cottontail is more likely to use sites predominantly covered by native forest and away from farmhouses, regardless of the European hare presence, suggesting that these two species are spatially segregating due to different habitat preferences rather than European hare competitively excluding the native cottontail. Collectively, these findings improve our understanding of the success of the European hare invasion in the Neotropics, and also provide valuable insights into the interaction of the European hare with a native cottontail and future of this invasion process in South America. A invasão de espécies não nativas é um grande impulsionador da perda de biodiversidade. Na América do Sul, a lebre europeia (Lepus europaeus) foi introduzida no final do século XIX na Argentina e Chile e expandiu rapidamente sua distribuição para o norte, chegando ao sudeste do Brasil na última década. Apesar dos danos ambientais significativos causados pela lebre europeia às comunidades por ela invadidas, pouca atenção tem sido dada para descobrir os principais impulsionadores da ocupação e abundância local da lebre europeia nos Neotrópicos, assim como sua influência na probabilidade do tapeti usar habitats neotropicais no sudeste do Brasil. Nesta tese de doutorado, utilizei dois conjuntos de dados, obtidos em paisagens dominadas por agricultura e localizadas no sudeste do Brasil, para investigar: i) os principais impulsionadores da ocupação da lebre europeia, avaliando o suporte para as hipóteses de distúrbio e resistência biótica (Capítulo I); ii) a importância relativa da heterogeneidade espacial (composicional e configuracional) e temporal em comparação com a quantidade de tipos de cobertura do solo como preditores da abundância local da lebre europeia (Capítulo II); e iii) a influência da presença de lebres europeias e da proximidade de residências rurais no habitat do tapeti do sudeste do Brasil (Sylvilagus minensis). Os dois conjuntos de dados foram projetados para fornecer: 1) esforço de amostragem semelhante entre áreas dominadas por habitats nativos (dentro de áreas protegidas) e áreas onde terras agrícolas e habitats nativos coexistem (fora de áreas protegidas) e um tamanho amostral relativamente grande (n = 205) em uma área geograficamente mais restrita (> 0,03 Mha; conjunto de dados 1); e 2) uma amostragem mais abrangente de sítios (n = 55) inseridos em paisagens dominadas pela agricultura e localizadas em uma área muito mais ampla (> 3 Mha; conjunto de dados 2). Utilizei modelagem de ocupação para investigar a priori minhas hipóteses, levando explicitamente em consideração erros de detecção. As principais descobertas indicaram que: i) a ocupação da lebre europeia é principalmente impulsionada pelas oportunidades de nicho criadas por habitats perturbados pelo homem; a resistência biótica desempenha um papel secundário e provavelmente apenas devido à floresta nativa, ii) a abundância local da lebre europeia foi alta em áreas com alta diversidade de tipos de cobertura de terra, incluindo a cana-de-açúcar, mas não savanas, e suas estimativas de abundância foram baixas e não variavam drasticamente entre os sítios de amostragem, sugerindo que a lebre europeia ainda não atingiu alta densidade local em nossa área de estudo; e iii) o tapeti tem maior probabilidade de usar locais predominantemente cobertos por floresta nativa e afastados de residências rurais, independentemente da presença da lebre europeia, sugerindo que essas duas espécies estão segregando espacialmente devido a suas diferentes preferências de habitats, em vez de a lebre europeia excluir competitivamente o tapeti. Em conjunto, essas descobertas melhoram nossa compreensão do sucesso da invasão da lebre europeia nos Neotrópicos e também fornecem informações valiosas sobre a interação da lebre europeia com o tapeti e o futuro desse processo de invasão na América do Sul. https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2023.tde-20022024-101556info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessengreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USP2024-03-15T13:20:27Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-20022024-101556Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212024-03-05T18:32:02Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.en.fl_str_mv European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
dc.title.alternative.pt.fl_str_mv Invasão da lebre europeia no sudeste do Brasil: identificação dos fatores determinantes da ocupação e abundância e análise do efeito do invasor na distribuição espacial do tapeti
title European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
spellingShingle European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
Nielson Aparecido Pasqualotto Salvador
title_short European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
title_full European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
title_fullStr European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
title_full_unstemmed European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
title_sort European hare invasion in southeastern Brazil: identifying drivers of occupancy and abundance and analyzing the invader\'s impact on the Brazilian cottontails spatial distribution
author Nielson Aparecido Pasqualotto Salvador
author_facet Nielson Aparecido Pasqualotto Salvador
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Adriano Garcia Chiarello
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Ana Paula Carmignotto
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Gonçalo Nuno Côrte-Real Ferraz de Oliveira
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Mauro Galetti Rodrigues
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv Clarissa Alves da Rosa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Nielson Aparecido Pasqualotto Salvador
contributor_str_mv Adriano Garcia Chiarello
Ana Paula Carmignotto
Gonçalo Nuno Côrte-Real Ferraz de Oliveira
Mauro Galetti Rodrigues
Clarissa Alves da Rosa
description Non-native species invasion is a major driver of biodiversity loss. In South America, European hare (Lepus europaeus() was introduced in the late 19th in central Argentina and Chile and rapidly expanded its distribution northwards, likely reaching southeastern Brazil during the last decade. Despite the significant environmental damage that European hare has caused to recipient communities worldwide, little attention has been given to uncover the main drivers of this non-native species occupancy and local abundance in the Neotropics, and the influence of this non- native hare on the Brazilian cottontail probability of using native Neotropical habitats in southeastern Brazil. In this doctoral thesis, I used two data sets obtained from agriculturally dominated landscapes of southeastern Brazil to investigate i) the main occupancy drivers of the European hare, assessing support for the disturbance and biotic resistance hypotheses (Chapter I); ii) the relative importance of spatial (compositional and configurational) and temporal heterogeneity compared to the amount of land cover types as predictors of the European hare local abundance (Chapter II); and iii) the influence of the presence of European hares and the proximity of farmhouses on the habitat of the Brazilian cottontail from southeastern Brazil (Sylvilagus minensis). The two datasets were designed to provide 1) similar sampling effort among areas dominated by native habitats (inside protected areas) and areas where agricultural lands and native habitats coexist (outside protected areas) and relative large sample size (n=205) in a more geographically restricted area (> 0.03 Mha; dataset 1); and 2) a more comprehensive sampling of sites (n=55) embedded in agricultural dominated landscapes located in a much wider area (> 3Mha; dataset 2). I used occupancy modeling to investigate a priori my defined hypotheses while explicitly accounting for detection errors. The main findings indicated that i) European hare occupancy is mainly driven by the niche opportunities created by human-disturbed habitats; biotic resistance plays a secondary role and likely only due to native forest, ii) local abundance of European hare was high in areas with high diversity of land cover types, including sugarcane but no savanna and species abundance estimates were low and did not vary dramatically among sites suggesting this non-native species have not yet attained high local density in our study area; and iii) the Brazilian cottontail is more likely to use sites predominantly covered by native forest and away from farmhouses, regardless of the European hare presence, suggesting that these two species are spatially segregating due to different habitat preferences rather than European hare competitively excluding the native cottontail. Collectively, these findings improve our understanding of the success of the European hare invasion in the Neotropics, and also provide valuable insights into the interaction of the European hare with a native cottontail and future of this invasion process in South America.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2023-12-06
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2023.tde-20022024-101556
url https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2023.tde-20022024-101556
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Ecologia de Agroecossistemas
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv USP
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv BR
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
collection Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv virginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.br
_version_ 1794502338185003008