Chemical carcinogenesis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2007 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000400004 |
Resumo: | The use of chemical compounds benefits society in a number of ways. Pesticides, for instance, enable foodstuffs to be produced in sufficient quantities to satisfy the needs of millions of people, a condition that has led to an increase in levels of life expectancy. Yet, at times, these benefits are offset by certain disadvantages, notably the toxic side effects of the chemical compounds used. Exposure to these compounds can have varying effects, ranging from instant death to a gradual process of chemical carcinogenesis. There are three stages involved in chemical carcinogenesis. These are defined as initiation, promotion and progression. Each of these stages is characterised by morphological and biochemical modifications and result from genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. These genetic modifications include: mutations in genes that control cell proliferation, cell death and DNA repair - i.e. mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressing genes. The epigenetic factors, also considered as being non-genetic in character, can also contribute to carcinogenesis via epigenetic mechanisms which silence gene expression. The control of responses to carcinogenesis through the application of several chemical, biochemical and biological techniques facilitates the identification of those basic mechanisms involved in neoplasic development. Experimental assays with laboratory animals, epidemiological studies and quick tests enable the identification of carcinogenic compounds, the dissection of many aspects of carcinogenesis, and the establishment of effective strategies to prevent the cancer which results from exposure to chemicals. |
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Chemical carcinogenesiscancer stagescarcinogenesis evaluationchemical carcinogenschemical carcinogenesisThe use of chemical compounds benefits society in a number of ways. Pesticides, for instance, enable foodstuffs to be produced in sufficient quantities to satisfy the needs of millions of people, a condition that has led to an increase in levels of life expectancy. Yet, at times, these benefits are offset by certain disadvantages, notably the toxic side effects of the chemical compounds used. Exposure to these compounds can have varying effects, ranging from instant death to a gradual process of chemical carcinogenesis. There are three stages involved in chemical carcinogenesis. These are defined as initiation, promotion and progression. Each of these stages is characterised by morphological and biochemical modifications and result from genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. These genetic modifications include: mutations in genes that control cell proliferation, cell death and DNA repair - i.e. mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressing genes. The epigenetic factors, also considered as being non-genetic in character, can also contribute to carcinogenesis via epigenetic mechanisms which silence gene expression. The control of responses to carcinogenesis through the application of several chemical, biochemical and biological techniques facilitates the identification of those basic mechanisms involved in neoplasic development. Experimental assays with laboratory animals, epidemiological studies and quick tests enable the identification of carcinogenic compounds, the dissection of many aspects of carcinogenesis, and the establishment of effective strategies to prevent the cancer which results from exposure to chemicals.Academia Brasileira de Ciências2007-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000400004Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências v.79 n.4 2007reponame:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)instname:Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)instacron:ABC10.1590/S0001-37652007000400004info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessOliveira,Paula A.Colaço,AuraChaves,RaquelGuedes-Pinto,HenriqueDe-La-Cruz P.,Luis F.Lopes,Carloseng2008-04-11T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0001-37652007000400004Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/aabchttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||aabc@abc.org.br1678-26900001-3765opendoar:2008-04-11T00:00Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
title |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
spellingShingle |
Chemical carcinogenesis Oliveira,Paula A. cancer stages carcinogenesis evaluation chemical carcinogens chemical carcinogenesis |
title_short |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
title_full |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
title_fullStr |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
title_sort |
Chemical carcinogenesis |
author |
Oliveira,Paula A. |
author_facet |
Oliveira,Paula A. Colaço,Aura Chaves,Raquel Guedes-Pinto,Henrique De-La-Cruz P.,Luis F. Lopes,Carlos |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Colaço,Aura Chaves,Raquel Guedes-Pinto,Henrique De-La-Cruz P.,Luis F. Lopes,Carlos |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira,Paula A. Colaço,Aura Chaves,Raquel Guedes-Pinto,Henrique De-La-Cruz P.,Luis F. Lopes,Carlos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
cancer stages carcinogenesis evaluation chemical carcinogens chemical carcinogenesis |
topic |
cancer stages carcinogenesis evaluation chemical carcinogens chemical carcinogenesis |
description |
The use of chemical compounds benefits society in a number of ways. Pesticides, for instance, enable foodstuffs to be produced in sufficient quantities to satisfy the needs of millions of people, a condition that has led to an increase in levels of life expectancy. Yet, at times, these benefits are offset by certain disadvantages, notably the toxic side effects of the chemical compounds used. Exposure to these compounds can have varying effects, ranging from instant death to a gradual process of chemical carcinogenesis. There are three stages involved in chemical carcinogenesis. These are defined as initiation, promotion and progression. Each of these stages is characterised by morphological and biochemical modifications and result from genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. These genetic modifications include: mutations in genes that control cell proliferation, cell death and DNA repair - i.e. mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressing genes. The epigenetic factors, also considered as being non-genetic in character, can also contribute to carcinogenesis via epigenetic mechanisms which silence gene expression. The control of responses to carcinogenesis through the application of several chemical, biochemical and biological techniques facilitates the identification of those basic mechanisms involved in neoplasic development. Experimental assays with laboratory animals, epidemiological studies and quick tests enable the identification of carcinogenic compounds, the dissection of many aspects of carcinogenesis, and the establishment of effective strategies to prevent the cancer which results from exposure to chemicals. |
publishDate |
2007 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2007-12-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000400004 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000400004 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0001-37652007000400004 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências v.79 n.4 2007 reponame:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) instname:Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC) instacron:ABC |
instname_str |
Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC) |
instacron_str |
ABC |
institution |
ABC |
reponame_str |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) |
collection |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||aabc@abc.org.br |
_version_ |
1754302856875212800 |