Relação do aleitamento materno com a prevalência da obesidade infantil

• Autor(a) principal: Soares, Filippi Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Lucas, João Victor Rodrigues Petruits, Rosa, Mereles, Góes, Patrícia Caroline Ribeiro de
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/4026
• topic: Obesidade pediátrica; Obesidade infantil; Aleitamento materno; Nutrição da criança; Nutrição infantil; Nutrição do lactente; Educação em saúde; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Childhood obesity is characterized by the accumulation of fat diagnosed from the calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI), if not treated, through changes in eating habits and lifestyle, it can cause diabetes, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, psychosocial consequences, among others. The first nutritional experience after birth may present itself as a protective factor against the disease in the long term. The aim of this study was to present the benefits of the composition of breast milk in its different phases for the child's nutritional status and emphasize the importance of health education in the practice of breastfeeding as a factor in the prevalence of childhood obesity. A literature review work with narrative characteristic was carried out and the databases used were PubMed, Academic Google, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Cruzeiro do Sul virtual library, in addition to the consultation made on the websites of the Ministry of Health, IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), ENANI (National Study of Infant Food and Nutrition), SBAN (Brazilian Society of Food and Nutrition) and WHO (World Healt Organization). This is an analysis of 30 documents, published between 2001 and 2021, using as indexes the terms Child obesity, breastfeeding, breast milk phases, breast milk composition, infant nutrition, maternal and child health, child anthropometry, health education and health promotion. It is noted that breastfeeding favors the infant as it will help in the maturation of the baby's intestinal microbiota with the prebiotic effect of oligosaccharides, change the number and/or size of adipocytes that will interfere with the hypothalamic regulatory mechanisms, the phenomenon of metabolic differentiation, regulate appetite and energy balance through its regulatory hormones, provide adequate protein content, and even influence better acceptance of adequate food introduction. Studies support early weaning as an increased risk for obesity in childhood and adulthood. The positive impact of health education on the prevalence of breastfeeding has been circumventing this situation, reducing early weaning rates and reflecting on obesity prevention. However, there is still a need for more future studies with better experimental design to more accurately verify the effects of compounds in breast milk on the child's body, thus bringing further evidence and reinforcing breastfeeding as a protective factor against childhood obesity.