INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Mace Firebaugh, Casey
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Beeson, Tishra, Wojtyna, Amie, Arboleda, Ryan
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Environmental Smoke
Texto Completo: https://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/150
Resumo: Yakima County, Washington was subject to the extrordinary Washington Wildfire Season of 2020 in which unhealty air (PM2.5) persisted for a 14-day period. This remarkable fire and smoke season began in tandem with the COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 virus, like inhaled particulate matter is known to cause respiratory illness or injury. This study sought to determine through publicly available data whether increased levels of PM2.5 were associated with increased cases of COVID-19. Using a 12-day lag analysis, Pearson product correlations were performed between PM2.5 24-hour averages in Yakima County Washington and daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 for data available on March 1, 2020-October 15, 2020. In addition, total running cases of confirmed COVID-19, daily mortality and total running mortality rates were compared in the lag analyses. All days (PM2.5) in the lag analysis were found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with COVID-19 case counts and total running counts of COVID-19 (p<.001) with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.24-0.28. The total running mortality rates were also significantly associated with daily PM2.5 (p<.001); however, the daily mortality rates were not found to be statistically significantly related to PM2.5. This simple analysis provides preliminary evidence that increased air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases. However, further research is required to determine the potentially confounding factors in this relationship.
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spelling INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020Aumentos en los niveles de PM2.5 asociados con una mayor incidencia de Covid-19: : los incendios de Washington de 2020Augmentation des niveaux de PM2,5 associée à une incidence accrue de Covid-19 : : les incendies de Washington de 2020AUMENTOS NOS NÍVEIS DE PM2.5 ASSOCIADOS AO AUMENTO DE INCIDÊNCIA DE COVID-19: OS INCÊNDIOS DE 2020 EM WASHINGTON: los incendios de Washington de 2020PM2.5, Air Pollution, Climate Change, COVID-19, Respiratory DiseaseCOVID-19PM2.5Air PollutionWildfiresPM2.5. Contaminación del aire Cambio climático. COVID-19. Enfermedad respiratoria.covid-19PM2.5POLUCIÓN DEL AIREFUEGOPM2.5. Poluição do Ar. Mudanças Climáticas. COVID-19. Doença Respiratória.cOVID-19PM2.5POLUIÇÃO DO ARINCENDIOSPM2,5. Pollution de l'air Changement climatique. COVID-19 [FEMININE. Maladie respiratoire.COVID-19PM2.5Pollution de l'airFEUYakima County, Washington was subject to the extrordinary Washington Wildfire Season of 2020 in which unhealty air (PM2.5) persisted for a 14-day period. This remarkable fire and smoke season began in tandem with the COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 virus, like inhaled particulate matter is known to cause respiratory illness or injury. This study sought to determine through publicly available data whether increased levels of PM2.5 were associated with increased cases of COVID-19. Using a 12-day lag analysis, Pearson product correlations were performed between PM2.5 24-hour averages in Yakima County Washington and daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 for data available on March 1, 2020-October 15, 2020. In addition, total running cases of confirmed COVID-19, daily mortality and total running mortality rates were compared in the lag analyses. All days (PM2.5) in the lag analysis were found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with COVID-19 case counts and total running counts of COVID-19 (p<.001) with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.24-0.28. The total running mortality rates were also significantly associated with daily PM2.5 (p<.001); however, the daily mortality rates were not found to be statistically significantly related to PM2.5. This simple analysis provides preliminary evidence that increased air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases. However, further research is required to determine the potentially confounding factors in this relationship.El condado de Yakima, Washington, experimentó una severa temporada de incendios forestales en el año 2020, en la que el aire contaminado (PM2.5) persistió durante un período de 14 días. Esta extensa temporada de fuego y humo comenzó junto con la pandemia de COVID-19. Se sabe que el virus SARS-CoV-2, cuando se inhalan sus partículas, causa enfermedades o lesiones respiratorias. Este estudio buscó determinar, a través de datos disponibles públicamente, si los niveles elevados de PM2.5 se asociaron con un aumento en los casos de COVID-19. Utilizando un análisis de datos de 12 días, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson entre las medias de PM2.5 de 24 horas en el condado de Yakima en Washington y los casos de COVID-19 confirmados diariamente para los datos disponibles el 1 de marzo de 2020 y el 15 de octubre de 2020. Además, los casos momentáneos confirmados de COVID-19, la mortalidad y las tasas de mortalidad se compararon en los análisis de retardo. Todos los días (PM2.5) en el análisis de alta latencia tienen una correlación positiva expresada estadísticamente como recuentos de casos de COVID-19 y recuentos totales de COVID-19 (p <0.001) con coeficientes de correlación que van desde 0.24 - 0.28. Las tasas de mortalidad también se asociaron con PM2.5 diario (p <0.001); sin embargo, las tasas de mortalidad diaria no se evaluaron estadísticamente relacionadas con PM2.5. Este análisis proporciona evidencia preliminar simple de que el aumento de la forma de aire (PM2.5) está asociado con tasas más altas de casos confirmados de COVID-19. Sin embargo, se requiere más investigación para determinar el potencial de los factores en esta relación.Le comté de Yakima, dans l'État de Washington, a connu une grave saison d'incendies de forêt en 2020, au cours de laquelle le bruit (PM2,5) a persisté pendant 14 jours. Cette longue saison de feu et de fumée a commencé en même temps que la pandémie de COVID-19. Le virus SARS-CoV-2, lorsque ses particules sont inhalées, est connu pour provoquer des maladies ou des blessures respiratoires. Cette étude visait à déterminer, grâce à des données accessibles au public, si des niveaux élevés de PM2,5 étaient associés à une augmentation des cas de COVID-19. À l'aide d'une analyse de données sur 12 jours, le coefficient de corrélation de Pearson entre les moyennes de PM2,5 sur 24 heures dans le comté de Yakima à Washington et les cas confirmés quotidiens de COVID-19 a été utilisé pour les données disponibles le 1er mars 2020 et le 15 octobre 2020. En outre, les cas momentanés confirmés de COVID-19, la mortalité et les taux de mortalité ont été comparés dans les analyses de décalage. Chaque jour (PM2,5) dans l'analyse à haute latence a une corrélation positive statistiquement exprimée en nombre de cas de COVID-19 et en nombre total de COVID-19 (p < 0,001) avec des coefficients de corrélation allant de 0,24 à 0,28. Les taux de mortalité étaient également associés aux PM2,5 quotidiennes (p<0,001); cependant, les taux de mortalité quotidiens n'ont pas été évalués statistiquement liés aux PM2,5. Cette analyse fournit des preuves préliminaires simples que l'augmentation de la forme aérienne (PM2,5) est associée à des taux plus élevés de cas confirmés de COVID-19. Cependant, des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer le potentiel des facteurs dans cette relation.O condado de Yakima, em Washington, passou por uma temporada severa de incêndios florestais no ano de 2020, na qual o ar poluído (PM2.5) persistiu por um período de 14 dias. Esta extensa temporada de fogo e fumaça começou em conjunto com a pandemia da COVID-19. O vírus SARS-CoV-2, quando tem suas partículas inaladas, é conhecido por causar doenças ou lesões respiratórias. Este estudo buscou determinar, por meio de dados disponíveis publicamente, se níveis elevados de PM2.5 estavam associados ao aumento de casos de COVID-19. Usando uma análise de dados de 12 dias, para análise estatística foi utilizado o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre médias de PM2.5 durante 24 horas em Yakima County em Washington e casos confirmados diariamente de COVID-19 para dados disponíveis em 1 de março de 2020 e 15 de outubro de 2020. Além disso, casos momentâneos confirmados de COVID-19, mortalidade diária e taxas de mortalidade total foram comparados nas análises de defasagem. Todos os dias (PM2,5) na análise de latência mostraram ter uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa com as contagens de casos COVID-19 e contagens totais em execução de COVID-19 (p <0,001) tendo coeficientes de correlação variando de 0,24-0,28. As taxas de mortalidade total também foram significativamente associadas com PM2,5 diário (p <0,001); no entanto, as taxas de mortalidade diárias não foram consideradas estatisticamente relacionadas ao PM2,5. Esta análise simples fornece evidências preliminares de que o aumento da poluição do ar (PM2.5) está associado a taxas mais altas de casos COVID-19 confirmados. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para determinar a potencialidade dos fatores nesta relação.Environmental Smoke Institute2021-08-31info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontextoTEXTOTEXTEinfo:eu-repo/semantics/otherapplication/pdfhttps://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/15010.32435/envsmoke.20214249-53Environmental Smoke; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 49-53Environmental Smoke; v. 4 n. 2 (2021); 49-532595-5527reponame:Environmental Smokeinstname:Environmental Smokeinstacron:ESenghttps://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/150/129Copyright (c) 2021 Casey Mace Firebaugh, Beeson, Wojtyna, Ryan Arboledahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMace Firebaugh, CaseyBeeson, Tishra Wojtyna, Amie Arboleda, Ryan 2021-12-28T02:04:00Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/150Revistahttps://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmokePRIhttps://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/oaismoke@environmentalsmoke.com.br2595-55272595-5527opendoar:2023-01-12T16:41:21.207403Environmental Smoke - Environmental Smokefalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
Aumentos en los niveles de PM2.5 asociados con una mayor incidencia de Covid-19: : los incendios de Washington de 2020
Augmentation des niveaux de PM2,5 associée à une incidence accrue de Covid-19 : : les incendies de Washington de 2020
AUMENTOS NOS NÍVEIS DE PM2.5 ASSOCIADOS AO AUMENTO DE INCIDÊNCIA DE COVID-19: OS INCÊNDIOS DE 2020 EM WASHINGTON: los incendios de Washington de 2020
title INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
spellingShingle INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
Mace Firebaugh, Casey
PM2.5, Air Pollution, Climate Change, COVID-19, Respiratory Disease
COVID-19
PM2.5
Air Pollution
Wildfires
PM2.5. Contaminación del aire Cambio climático. COVID-19. Enfermedad respiratoria.
covid-19
PM2.5
POLUCIÓN DEL AIRE
FUEGO
PM2.5. Poluição do Ar. Mudanças Climáticas. COVID-19. Doença Respiratória.
cOVID-19
PM2.5
POLUIÇÃO DO AR
INCENDIOS
PM2,5. Pollution de l'air Changement climatique. COVID-19 [FEMININE. Maladie respiratoire.
COVID-19
PM2.5
Pollution de l'air
FEU
title_short INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
title_full INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
title_fullStr INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
title_full_unstemmed INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
title_sort INCREASED PM2.5 LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INCIDENCE OF COVID-19: THE WASHINGTON WILDFIRES OF 2020: los incendios de Washington de 2020
author Mace Firebaugh, Casey
author_facet Mace Firebaugh, Casey
Beeson, Tishra
Wojtyna, Amie
Arboleda, Ryan
author_role author
author2 Beeson, Tishra
Wojtyna, Amie
Arboleda, Ryan
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Mace Firebaugh, Casey
Beeson, Tishra
Wojtyna, Amie
Arboleda, Ryan
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv PM2.5, Air Pollution, Climate Change, COVID-19, Respiratory Disease
COVID-19
PM2.5
Air Pollution
Wildfires
PM2.5. Contaminación del aire Cambio climático. COVID-19. Enfermedad respiratoria.
covid-19
PM2.5
POLUCIÓN DEL AIRE
FUEGO
PM2.5. Poluição do Ar. Mudanças Climáticas. COVID-19. Doença Respiratória.
cOVID-19
PM2.5
POLUIÇÃO DO AR
INCENDIOS
PM2,5. Pollution de l'air Changement climatique. COVID-19 [FEMININE. Maladie respiratoire.
COVID-19
PM2.5
Pollution de l'air
FEU
topic PM2.5, Air Pollution, Climate Change, COVID-19, Respiratory Disease
COVID-19
PM2.5
Air Pollution
Wildfires
PM2.5. Contaminación del aire Cambio climático. COVID-19. Enfermedad respiratoria.
covid-19
PM2.5
POLUCIÓN DEL AIRE
FUEGO
PM2.5. Poluição do Ar. Mudanças Climáticas. COVID-19. Doença Respiratória.
cOVID-19
PM2.5
POLUIÇÃO DO AR
INCENDIOS
PM2,5. Pollution de l'air Changement climatique. COVID-19 [FEMININE. Maladie respiratoire.
COVID-19
PM2.5
Pollution de l'air
FEU
description Yakima County, Washington was subject to the extrordinary Washington Wildfire Season of 2020 in which unhealty air (PM2.5) persisted for a 14-day period. This remarkable fire and smoke season began in tandem with the COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 virus, like inhaled particulate matter is known to cause respiratory illness or injury. This study sought to determine through publicly available data whether increased levels of PM2.5 were associated with increased cases of COVID-19. Using a 12-day lag analysis, Pearson product correlations were performed between PM2.5 24-hour averages in Yakima County Washington and daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 for data available on March 1, 2020-October 15, 2020. In addition, total running cases of confirmed COVID-19, daily mortality and total running mortality rates were compared in the lag analyses. All days (PM2.5) in the lag analysis were found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with COVID-19 case counts and total running counts of COVID-19 (p<.001) with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.24-0.28. The total running mortality rates were also significantly associated with daily PM2.5 (p<.001); however, the daily mortality rates were not found to be statistically significantly related to PM2.5. This simple analysis provides preliminary evidence that increased air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases. However, further research is required to determine the potentially confounding factors in this relationship.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-08-31
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
texto
TEXTO
TEXTE
info:eu-repo/semantics/other
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/150
10.32435/envsmoke.20214249-53
url https://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/150
identifier_str_mv 10.32435/envsmoke.20214249-53
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/150/129
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2021 Casey Mace Firebaugh, Beeson, Wojtyna, Ryan Arboleda
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2021 Casey Mace Firebaugh, Beeson, Wojtyna, Ryan Arboleda
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Environmental Smoke Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Environmental Smoke Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Environmental Smoke; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 49-53
Environmental Smoke; v. 4 n. 2 (2021); 49-53
2595-5527
reponame:Environmental Smoke
instname:Environmental Smoke
instacron:ES
instname_str Environmental Smoke
instacron_str ES
institution ES
reponame_str Environmental Smoke
collection Environmental Smoke
repository.name.fl_str_mv Environmental Smoke - Environmental Smoke
repository.mail.fl_str_mv smoke@environmentalsmoke.com.br
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