Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) |
Texto Completo: | https://hdl.handle.net/10438/18082 |
Resumo: | Technologic innovation is inevitable. Regulation, optional. All over the world, economic trends emerge every moment. Regarding the individual transport system of passengers, focus of this work, sharing economy brought paradigmatic disruptions, as occurred with the arrival of Uber device that offers similar services to taxis and promises to reduce ― or even eliminate ― existing market failures for years. Taxi Market is known for taxis upregulation, and until then, little competition and low consumer satisfaction index. Uber´s presence brought greater expectations of quality, but in the opposite direction of the success with users, the regulator follow the following cycle of intervention all over the world: (i) Immediate app’s prohibition; (ii) Uber’s indirect prohibition, according regulation in accordance with the traditional system/ 'a la taxi' (planning permissions and other mechanisms) and (iii) studies to introduction of a specific regulation, that put together technologic benefices and real attendance to public interest. To look more closely to the cycles, this paper analyzed the regulator’s posture in 23 megacities all over the world, according definition of United Nations – UN, that exemplified agent´s conduct in the cities with more than seven million habitants. Faced with said interventions, this paper has concluded that there is a strong regulatory capture in the transport of passenger’s market ― and there was made a theoretical approach of the Public Choice Theory ― since the first and second cycles evidence benefices of small groups of interest in the sector, rather than the mass. Besides that, since technology can reduce problems involving situations of monopolies, asymmetric information and negative externalities, there is no reason to justify the necessity of maintenance of the regulation, already considered excessive in said market. Also, it is worth mentioning that the regulatory actions were directly countered not only by the popular opinion, but mainly by force of judicial decisions all over the world, that by means of preliminary injunctions prevented abrasive reactions of those agents, and that indicates that judiciary sector is not captured. The third cycle of regulatory intervention indicates a way of interconnection between collaborative economies and urban solutions with the objective of the collective benefice. Studies all over the world points the necessity of regulatory alternatives that can conciliate the public interest with the comprehension of the technologic progress. However, to achieve the third cycle of regulation, it is necessary that the regulator abandon the character merely supervisory and assumes a behavior more analytical and proactive, with the objective of finding regulatory alternatives able to bring gains in infrastructure and urbanization. |
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Telésforo, Rachel LopesEscolas::DIREITO RIOPorto, Antônio José MaristrelloCorrêa, Mariana VillelaRagazzo, Carlos Emmanuel Joppert2017-03-22T19:56:32Z2017-03-22T19:56:32Z2016TELÉSFORO, Rachel Lopes. Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito da Regulação) - Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro, Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV, Rio de Janeiro, 2016.https://hdl.handle.net/10438/18082Technologic innovation is inevitable. Regulation, optional. All over the world, economic trends emerge every moment. Regarding the individual transport system of passengers, focus of this work, sharing economy brought paradigmatic disruptions, as occurred with the arrival of Uber device that offers similar services to taxis and promises to reduce ― or even eliminate ― existing market failures for years. Taxi Market is known for taxis upregulation, and until then, little competition and low consumer satisfaction index. Uber´s presence brought greater expectations of quality, but in the opposite direction of the success with users, the regulator follow the following cycle of intervention all over the world: (i) Immediate app’s prohibition; (ii) Uber’s indirect prohibition, according regulation in accordance with the traditional system/ 'a la taxi' (planning permissions and other mechanisms) and (iii) studies to introduction of a specific regulation, that put together technologic benefices and real attendance to public interest. To look more closely to the cycles, this paper analyzed the regulator’s posture in 23 megacities all over the world, according definition of United Nations – UN, that exemplified agent´s conduct in the cities with more than seven million habitants. Faced with said interventions, this paper has concluded that there is a strong regulatory capture in the transport of passenger’s market ― and there was made a theoretical approach of the Public Choice Theory ― since the first and second cycles evidence benefices of small groups of interest in the sector, rather than the mass. Besides that, since technology can reduce problems involving situations of monopolies, asymmetric information and negative externalities, there is no reason to justify the necessity of maintenance of the regulation, already considered excessive in said market. Also, it is worth mentioning that the regulatory actions were directly countered not only by the popular opinion, but mainly by force of judicial decisions all over the world, that by means of preliminary injunctions prevented abrasive reactions of those agents, and that indicates that judiciary sector is not captured. The third cycle of regulatory intervention indicates a way of interconnection between collaborative economies and urban solutions with the objective of the collective benefice. Studies all over the world points the necessity of regulatory alternatives that can conciliate the public interest with the comprehension of the technologic progress. However, to achieve the third cycle of regulation, it is necessary that the regulator abandon the character merely supervisory and assumes a behavior more analytical and proactive, with the objective of finding regulatory alternatives able to bring gains in infrastructure and urbanization.A inovação tecnológica é inevitável. A regulação, opcional. Ao redor do mundo, tendências econômicas surgem a cada instante. No que tange ao sistema de transporte individual de passageiros, foco do presente trabalho, a economia de compartilhamento trouxe rompimentos paradigmáticos, como o que ocorreu com a chegada do dispositivo Uber, que oferece serviços semelhantes ao de táxis e reduz ― chegando em alguns casos, a eliminar ― falhas de mercado existentes há anos. O mercado de táxis é conhecido pela alta regulação, tendo até então, pouca concorrência e baixo índice de satisfação do consumidor. A presença do Uber trouxe maior expectativa de qualidade, mas em contramão ao sucesso junto aos usuários, o regulador segue o seguinte ciclo de intervenção reguladora, ao redor do mundo: (i) proibição imediata do aplicativo; (ii) proibição indireta do Uber, por meio de regulação feita de acordo com o sistema tradicional/ 'a la táxi' (concessão de alvarás, dentre outros mecanismos) e (iii) estudos para implementação de uma regulação específica, que une os benefícios tecnológicos ao real atendimento do interesse público. Para analisar mais profundamente esses ciclos, estudou-se a postura do regulador em 23 megacidades ao redor do mundo, conforme padrão definido pelas Organização das Nações Unidas – ONU, o que exemplificou a conduta dos agentes em cidades com mais de sete milhões de habitantes. Diante de tais intervenções, chegou-se à conclusão de que existe forte captura regulatória no sistema de transporte de passageiros ― tendo sido feita uma abordagem da Teoria da Escolha Pública ― já que os dois primeiros ciclos apontam benefícios de pequenos grupos de interesse no setor, em detrimento do coletivo. Além disso, se a tecnologia é capaz de reduzir falhas envolvendo situações de monopólios situacionais, assimetrias de informação e externalidades negativas, não haveria outro motivo que justificasse a necessidade na manutenção da regulação, já tida como excedente no mercado em apreço. Válido mencionar que as ações regulatórias foram prontamente combatidas não apenas pela opinião popular, mas principalmente por meio de decisões judiciais ao redor do mundo, que por meio de liminares impediram reações mais abrasivas de tais agentes, e o que aponta que tal setor não se encontra capturado. O terceiro ciclo de intervenção regulatória indica um caminho de interconexão entre as economias de colaboração com medidas urbanas que busquem beneficiar o coletivo. Estudos ao redor do mundo evidenciam a necessidade de alternativas regulatórias que possam conciliar o interesse público com a compreensão da natureza do progresso tecnológico. No entanto, para que se chegue a tal ciclo interventivo, é necessário que o regulador abandone o caráter meramente fiscalizatório e assuma comportamento mais analítico e proativo, no sentido de aplicar alternativas regulatórias que impliquem em medidas que representem ganhos em infraestrutura e urbanização.porDisruptive innovationTechnologyRegulation lawPublic interestRegulation in the taxi marketIntervention cyclesRegulatory captureLegislative and judiciaryRegulatory alternativesInovação disruptivaTecnologiaInteresse públicoRegulação no mercado de táxisUberDireito da regulaçãoCiclos de intervençãoCaptura regulatóriaLegislativo e judiciárioAlternativas regulatóriasDireitoDireito regulatórioInovações disruptivasInovações tecnológicasUber (Firma)Interesse públicoUber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatóriainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
title |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
spellingShingle |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória Telésforo, Rachel Lopes Disruptive innovation Technology Regulation law Public interest Regulation in the taxi market Intervention cycles Regulatory capture Legislative and judiciary Regulatory alternatives Inovação disruptiva Tecnologia Interesse público Regulação no mercado de táxis Uber Direito da regulação Ciclos de intervenção Captura regulatória Legislativo e judiciário Alternativas regulatórias Direito Direito regulatório Inovações disruptivas Inovações tecnológicas Uber (Firma) Interesse público |
title_short |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
title_full |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
title_fullStr |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
title_full_unstemmed |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
title_sort |
Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória |
author |
Telésforo, Rachel Lopes |
author_facet |
Telésforo, Rachel Lopes |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.unidadefgv.por.fl_str_mv |
Escolas::DIREITO RIO |
dc.contributor.member.none.fl_str_mv |
Porto, Antônio José Maristrello Corrêa, Mariana Villela |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Telésforo, Rachel Lopes |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ragazzo, Carlos Emmanuel Joppert |
contributor_str_mv |
Ragazzo, Carlos Emmanuel Joppert |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Disruptive innovation Technology Regulation law Public interest Regulation in the taxi market Intervention cycles Regulatory capture Legislative and judiciary Regulatory alternatives |
topic |
Disruptive innovation Technology Regulation law Public interest Regulation in the taxi market Intervention cycles Regulatory capture Legislative and judiciary Regulatory alternatives Inovação disruptiva Tecnologia Interesse público Regulação no mercado de táxis Uber Direito da regulação Ciclos de intervenção Captura regulatória Legislativo e judiciário Alternativas regulatórias Direito Direito regulatório Inovações disruptivas Inovações tecnológicas Uber (Firma) Interesse público |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Inovação disruptiva Tecnologia Interesse público Regulação no mercado de táxis Uber Direito da regulação Ciclos de intervenção Captura regulatória Legislativo e judiciário Alternativas regulatórias |
dc.subject.area.por.fl_str_mv |
Direito |
dc.subject.bibliodata.por.fl_str_mv |
Direito regulatório Inovações disruptivas Inovações tecnológicas Uber (Firma) Interesse público |
description |
Technologic innovation is inevitable. Regulation, optional. All over the world, economic trends emerge every moment. Regarding the individual transport system of passengers, focus of this work, sharing economy brought paradigmatic disruptions, as occurred with the arrival of Uber device that offers similar services to taxis and promises to reduce ― or even eliminate ― existing market failures for years. Taxi Market is known for taxis upregulation, and until then, little competition and low consumer satisfaction index. Uber´s presence brought greater expectations of quality, but in the opposite direction of the success with users, the regulator follow the following cycle of intervention all over the world: (i) Immediate app’s prohibition; (ii) Uber’s indirect prohibition, according regulation in accordance with the traditional system/ 'a la taxi' (planning permissions and other mechanisms) and (iii) studies to introduction of a specific regulation, that put together technologic benefices and real attendance to public interest. To look more closely to the cycles, this paper analyzed the regulator’s posture in 23 megacities all over the world, according definition of United Nations – UN, that exemplified agent´s conduct in the cities with more than seven million habitants. Faced with said interventions, this paper has concluded that there is a strong regulatory capture in the transport of passenger’s market ― and there was made a theoretical approach of the Public Choice Theory ― since the first and second cycles evidence benefices of small groups of interest in the sector, rather than the mass. Besides that, since technology can reduce problems involving situations of monopolies, asymmetric information and negative externalities, there is no reason to justify the necessity of maintenance of the regulation, already considered excessive in said market. Also, it is worth mentioning that the regulatory actions were directly countered not only by the popular opinion, but mainly by force of judicial decisions all over the world, that by means of preliminary injunctions prevented abrasive reactions of those agents, and that indicates that judiciary sector is not captured. The third cycle of regulatory intervention indicates a way of interconnection between collaborative economies and urban solutions with the objective of the collective benefice. Studies all over the world points the necessity of regulatory alternatives that can conciliate the public interest with the comprehension of the technologic progress. However, to achieve the third cycle of regulation, it is necessary that the regulator abandon the character merely supervisory and assumes a behavior more analytical and proactive, with the objective of finding regulatory alternatives able to bring gains in infrastructure and urbanization. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-22T19:56:32Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-22T19:56:32Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
TELÉSFORO, Rachel Lopes. Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito da Regulação) - Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro, Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV, Rio de Janeiro, 2016. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/10438/18082 |
identifier_str_mv |
TELÉSFORO, Rachel Lopes. Uber: inovação disruptiva e ciclos de intervenção regulatória. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito da Regulação) - Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro, Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV, Rio de Janeiro, 2016. |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10438/18082 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) instname:Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) instacron:FGV |
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Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) |
instacron_str |
FGV |
institution |
FGV |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) |
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