Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim

• Autor(a) principal: Menardo, Fabrizio
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Rutaihwa, Liliana K, Zwyer, Michaela, Borrell, Sonia, Comas, Iñaki, Conceição, Emilyn Costa, Cascolla, Mireia, Cox, Hellen, Joloba, Moses, Dou, Horng-Yunn, Feldmann, Julia, Fenner, Lukas, Fyfe, Janet, Gao, Qian, Viedma, Darío García de, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gygli, Sebastian M, Hella, Jerry, Hiza, Hellen, Jugheli, Levan, Kamwela, Lujeko, Kato-Maeda, Midori, Liu, Qingyun, Ley, Serej D, Loiseau, Chloe, Mahasirimongkol, Surakameth, Malla, Bijaya, Palittapongarnpim, Prasit, Rakotosamimmanana, Niaina, Rasolofo, Voahangy, Reinhard, Miriam, Reither, Klaus, Sasamalo, Mohamed, Duarte, Rafael Silva, Sola, Christophe, Suffys, Philip, Lima, Karla Valéria Batista, Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, Beisel, Christian, Brites, Daniela, Gagneux, Sebastien
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá)
• Texto Completo: https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/4265
• topic: Mycobacterium tuberculosis / patogenicidade; Tuberculose / patologia; Linhagem; Genoma Bacteriano; Adaptação; Oceano Índico / epidemiologia

Lineage 1 (L1) and 3 (L3) are two lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), causing tuberculosis (TB) in humans. L1 and L3 are endemic to the Rim of the Indian Ocean, the region that accounts for most of the world’s new TB cases. Despite their relevance for this region, L1 and L3 remain understudied. Here we analyzed 2,938 L1 and 2,030 L3 whole genome sequences originating from 69 countries. We show that South Asia played a central role in the dispersion of these two lineages to neighboring regions. Moreover, we found that L1 exhibits signatures of local adaptation at the esxH locus, a gene coding for a secreted effector that targets the human endosomal sorting complex, and is included in several vaccine candidates. Our study highlights the importance of genetic diversity in the MTBC, and sheds new light on two of the most important MTBC lineages affecting humans.