Unidades de seleção em três níveis de análise: diferenças entre unidades comportamentais e culturais

• Autor(a) principal: Caldas, Rodrigo Araújo
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16719
• topic: Análise do comportamento; Cultura; Unidades de seleção; Metacontingência; Behavior analysis; Culture; Unities of selection; Metacontingencies; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL

The treatment of the Culture by Behavior Analysis was a concern since the first manuals in the decade of 50. With aim of systematize such treatment were done four studies: (1) about the main concepts of behavior analysis; (2) about unities of selection involved in the three levels of selection proposed by Skinner (1981); (3) about experimental studies involved cultural unities proposed by behavior analysts and, at the end, (4) an experimental study as proposal of differentiation and separation between behavioral and cultural unities. In the first study tried to organize the main concepts of behavior analysis in an order of simpler (one that involves fewer relations in its description the reflex) for the concepts more complexes (that involves many relations in your description metacontingencies, controlling agencies). In the second study tried to make a collection of the principal unities of selection in the levels phylogenetic, ontogenetic and cultural. The main biological unities target of selectionist analysis were presented, as well as the discussion unities of selection in behavior. For cultural evolution was done a collection of the discussion about the application of selectionism in culture and were presented the unities of selection proposed by behavior analysts. The third paper was a revision of the experimental studies with the concept of metacontingencies, where were classified four groups of studies from the experimental tasks used in the experiments. Great part of the studies demonstrated selection of cultural unities, although the comparison among then was difficult because of the differences in the experimental preparations. Finally, the experiment realized for separation and differentiation of behavioral and cultural unities, used the meta model. Were 18 participants, six in each group, were each group was exposed to the same experimental tasks; however the participants were submitted individually (G1), on pairs (G2) and on pairs with participants substitution periodically (G3). The results of these manipulations were not conclusive, more data are needed. However, important differences between behavioral and cultural unities were suggested, among them: the temporal scale involved in the different selections behavioral and cultural and reinforcers promoted by the group that seem to facilitate the selection of the experimental task