Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa”
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
Texto Completo: | https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20023 |
Resumo: | The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created restrictions to the passive capacity to suffrage. The theory of inelegibilities sets the context of berating the right to be voted. The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created new situations that generate inelegibility among which are those resulting from non res iudicata. The effects of a conviction non res iudicata had lead voices to argue that it would violate the principle of presumption of innocence. The principle of presumption of innocence was enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 in article 5, LVII, as presumption of non-culpability. Presumption of innocence or non-culpability is also provided in international declarations and treaties, such as Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, American Convention on Human Rights and Treaty of Rome. Admittedly, the presumption of innocence has a radiating character and it is applicable in other spheres beyond Criminal Law, including the Electoral Law, as it appears in the cause ADPF 144. However, the presumption of innocence is not absolute, and it is possible to be mitigated. The Supremo Tribunal Federal (Brazilian Supreme Court) – after a period of prevalence of opposing side – has turned to previous positioning for the possibility of provisional execution of sentence in cases of convictions confirmed by the Court, although there is pending appeal. The Lei da Ficha Limpa Actwas subject to judgment by ADI 4578 and ADCs 29 and 30, including as to the alleged violation of the principle of presumption of innocence. Even before the change of understanding regarding the execution of the sentence the Supremo Tribunal Federal decided, by majority vote, for the constitutionality of the Lei da Ficha Limpa law. The Lei da Ficha Limpa law has negative points, as it may hinder the democratic exercise of voting by limiting candidacies. Nevertheless, when it is recognized that the presumption of innocence is not absolute, it is not unconstitutional |
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Santos, Marcelo de Oliveira Fausto Figueiredohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4454146J3Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros2017-04-19T12:03:26Z2017-04-06Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros. Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa”. 2016. 89 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Direito, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20023The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created restrictions to the passive capacity to suffrage. The theory of inelegibilities sets the context of berating the right to be voted. The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created new situations that generate inelegibility among which are those resulting from non res iudicata. The effects of a conviction non res iudicata had lead voices to argue that it would violate the principle of presumption of innocence. The principle of presumption of innocence was enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 in article 5, LVII, as presumption of non-culpability. Presumption of innocence or non-culpability is also provided in international declarations and treaties, such as Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, American Convention on Human Rights and Treaty of Rome. Admittedly, the presumption of innocence has a radiating character and it is applicable in other spheres beyond Criminal Law, including the Electoral Law, as it appears in the cause ADPF 144. However, the presumption of innocence is not absolute, and it is possible to be mitigated. The Supremo Tribunal Federal (Brazilian Supreme Court) – after a period of prevalence of opposing side – has turned to previous positioning for the possibility of provisional execution of sentence in cases of convictions confirmed by the Court, although there is pending appeal. The Lei da Ficha Limpa Actwas subject to judgment by ADI 4578 and ADCs 29 and 30, including as to the alleged violation of the principle of presumption of innocence. Even before the change of understanding regarding the execution of the sentence the Supremo Tribunal Federal decided, by majority vote, for the constitutionality of the Lei da Ficha Limpa law. The Lei da Ficha Limpa law has negative points, as it may hinder the democratic exercise of voting by limiting candidacies. Nevertheless, when it is recognized that the presumption of innocence is not absolute, it is not unconstitutionalA Lei Complementar nº 135/2010, chamada “Lei da Ficha Limpa”, criou restrições à capacidade passiva de sufrágio. A teoria das inelegibilidades trabalha o contexto da vedação ao direito de ser votado. A Lei da Ficha Limpa criou novas hipóteses geradoras de inelegibilidade, entre as quais se destacaram aquelas decorrentes de condenações não transitadas em julgado. Os efeitos da condenação não transitada julgado levaram vozes a defender que violaria o princípio da presunção de inocência. O princípio da presunção foi consagrado na Constituição Federal de 1988 no art. 5º, LVII, como presunção de não culpabilidade. A presunção de inocência ou não culpabilidade também está prevista em declarações e tratados internacionais, como a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, o Pacto Internacional de Direitos Civis e Políticos, Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos e o Tratado de Roma. Reconhecidamente a presunção de inocência possui caráter irradiante, sendo aplicável em outras esferas além do direito penal, inclusive a eleitoral, como constou da ADPF 144. Contudo a presunção de inocência não é absoluta, havendo mitigação possível. O Supremo Tribunal Federal, após um período de prevalência do posicionamento contrário, voltou a admitir a possibilidade de execução provisória da pena em casos de condenações confirmadas pelo Tribunal, ainda que haja recurso pendente. A Lei da Ficha Limpa foi objeto de julgamento da ADI 4578 e ADCs 29 e 30, inclusive quanto à suposta violação ao princípio da presunção de inocência. Em 2012, ainda antes da mudança de entendimento quanto à execução da pena, o Supremo Tribunal Federal decidiu, por maioria de votos, pela constitucionalidade da Lei da Ficha Limpa. A Lei da Ficha Limpa tem pontos negativos, pois pode dificultar o exercício democrático do voto ao limitar candidaturas. Apesar disso, ao se reconhecer que a presunção de inocência não é absoluta, verifica-se que ela não é inconstitucionalapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/42073/Jos%c3%a9%20Tadeu%20de%20Barros%20N%c3%b3brega.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em DireitoPUC-SPBrasilFaculdade de DireitoDireito ConstitucionalDireito EleitoralDemocraciaBrasil - [Lei complementar n. 135, de 4 de junho de 2010]Constitutional LawElectoral LawDemocracyCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITOInelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa”Inelegibilities, presumption of innocence and the “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Actinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTJosé Tadeu de Barros Nóbrega.pdf.txtJosé Tadeu de Barros Nóbrega.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain235226https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20023/4/Jos%c3%a9%20Tadeu%20de%20Barros%20N%c3%b3brega.pdf.txtacd7634e8e0a9353ceb60b5dc554f4afMD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Inelegibilities, presumption of innocence and the “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act |
title |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
spellingShingle |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros Direito Constitucional Direito Eleitoral Democracia Brasil - [Lei complementar n. 135, de 4 de junho de 2010] Constitutional Law Electoral Law Democracy CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO |
title_short |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
title_full |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
title_fullStr |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
title_sort |
Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” |
author |
Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros |
author_facet |
Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Marcelo de Oliveira Fausto Figueiredo |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4454146J3 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros |
contributor_str_mv |
Santos, Marcelo de Oliveira Fausto Figueiredo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Direito Constitucional Direito Eleitoral Democracia |
topic |
Direito Constitucional Direito Eleitoral Democracia Brasil - [Lei complementar n. 135, de 4 de junho de 2010] Constitutional Law Electoral Law Democracy CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Brasil - [Lei complementar n. 135, de 4 de junho de 2010] Constitutional Law Electoral Law Democracy |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO |
description |
The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created restrictions to the passive capacity to suffrage. The theory of inelegibilities sets the context of berating the right to be voted. The “Lei da Ficha Limpa” Act created new situations that generate inelegibility among which are those resulting from non res iudicata. The effects of a conviction non res iudicata had lead voices to argue that it would violate the principle of presumption of innocence. The principle of presumption of innocence was enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 in article 5, LVII, as presumption of non-culpability. Presumption of innocence or non-culpability is also provided in international declarations and treaties, such as Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, American Convention on Human Rights and Treaty of Rome. Admittedly, the presumption of innocence has a radiating character and it is applicable in other spheres beyond Criminal Law, including the Electoral Law, as it appears in the cause ADPF 144. However, the presumption of innocence is not absolute, and it is possible to be mitigated. The Supremo Tribunal Federal (Brazilian Supreme Court) – after a period of prevalence of opposing side – has turned to previous positioning for the possibility of provisional execution of sentence in cases of convictions confirmed by the Court, although there is pending appeal. The Lei da Ficha Limpa Actwas subject to judgment by ADI 4578 and ADCs 29 and 30, including as to the alleged violation of the principle of presumption of innocence. Even before the change of understanding regarding the execution of the sentence the Supremo Tribunal Federal decided, by majority vote, for the constitutionality of the Lei da Ficha Limpa law. The Lei da Ficha Limpa law has negative points, as it may hinder the democratic exercise of voting by limiting candidacies. Nevertheless, when it is recognized that the presumption of innocence is not absolute, it is not unconstitutional |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-04-19T12:03:26Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-04-06 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros. Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa”. 2016. 89 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Direito, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20023 |
identifier_str_mv |
Nóbrega, José Tadeu de Barros. Inelegibilidades, presunção de inocência e a Lei da “Ficha Limpa”. 2016. 89 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Direito, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016. |
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