Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in implant surfaces after implantoplasty

• Autor(a) principal: Castro, Maria Teresa Palma Calado Osório de
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/61434
• topic: Teses de mestrado - 2023; Saúde Oral; Medicina Dentária

Background: Peri-implantitis is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by the presence of microorganisms. Implantoplasty is a decontamination technique that smoothens the implant surface to prevent biofilm formation. However, there remains a lack of research examining the microbiological implications of implantoplasty. Aim: The current in vitro study aimed to evaluate bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in implant surfaces after implantoplasty. Materials and Methods: Twenty dental implants were randomly divided into two groups: non-treated (control) and treated with implantoplasty. After performing the implantoplasty on half of the samples, both groups were incubated with Streptococcus oralis for 1 hour and 24 hours. Colony forming units per mL were calculated. Bacterial adhesion and titanium surface topography were visualized using SEM. Descriptive statistics were performed for all variables using statistical software SPSS (version nº29). Normality was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk test. Comparisons of continuous variables mean values between groups were performed by t-student or Mann-Whitney statistical tests as appropriate. The significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Significantly lower numbers (~60%) of viable adhered bacteria were observed in the untreated samples compared to the treated samples at both time-points. Treated implants at 1 hour: CFU/mL = 1.79 x 105 ± 1.60 x 104; non-treated implants at 1 hour: CFU/mL = 5.29 x 105 ± 1.01 x 105; treated implants at 24 hours: CFU/mL = 2.46 x 105 ± 9.75 x 104; non- treated implants at 24 hours: CFU/mL = 6.42 x 105 ± 2.89 x 105 (p < 0.05, t-student). Conclusion: A notable decrease in surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in implant surfaces following the implantoplasty treatment was observed. This study supports the efficacy of implantoplasty in reducing bacterial adhesion. Since this was a pilot study, further studies about the effects of implantoplasty on biofilm formation are needed to confirm these results.