Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/19255 |
Resumo: | Widely and slowly, discrimination against women based upon gender has become socially unacceptable. However, less is known about how sexist beliefs have progressed in the last years and if we are responding to this social antagonizing of a sexist discourse. Our goal was to verify the existence of differences in ambivalent sexism and neosexism over a ten-year gap in a Portuguese adult sample and to assess possible modifications in the relationship between the variables. A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted using two independent groups, with measures taken in 2009 and then in 2019. Both groups were invariant in terms of average age and proportion of sexes. Our results show a decrease in hostile and benevolent forms of sexism, while neosexism remains constant. The relationships between variables suggest that sexist beliefs are changing to accommodate subtler and modernized forms of sexism, like neosexism, that deny the existence of discrimination against women, resent discrimination complaints, and maintain a paternalistic view of women. Neosexism also seems to have a stronger correlation with hostile sexism than with benevolent forms of sexism in the male subsample. This relationship is stronger for the 2019 sample. These relationships suggest that sexism is more deeply rooted than we would like to admit and adapts to social discourse. Despite our best efforts, it is yet to be overcome. |
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Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sampleSexismAmbivalent sexismNeosexismContemporary sexismGroup comparisonWidely and slowly, discrimination against women based upon gender has become socially unacceptable. However, less is known about how sexist beliefs have progressed in the last years and if we are responding to this social antagonizing of a sexist discourse. Our goal was to verify the existence of differences in ambivalent sexism and neosexism over a ten-year gap in a Portuguese adult sample and to assess possible modifications in the relationship between the variables. A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted using two independent groups, with measures taken in 2009 and then in 2019. Both groups were invariant in terms of average age and proportion of sexes. Our results show a decrease in hostile and benevolent forms of sexism, while neosexism remains constant. The relationships between variables suggest that sexist beliefs are changing to accommodate subtler and modernized forms of sexism, like neosexism, that deny the existence of discrimination against women, resent discrimination complaints, and maintain a paternalistic view of women. Neosexism also seems to have a stronger correlation with hostile sexism than with benevolent forms of sexism in the male subsample. This relationship is stronger for the 2019 sample. These relationships suggest that sexism is more deeply rooted than we would like to admit and adapts to social discourse. Despite our best efforts, it is yet to be overcome.SageSapientiaGomes, AlexandraGonçalves, GabrielaSousa, CátiaVieira dos Santos, J.Giger, Jean-Christophe2023-03-15T11:26:13Z2021-042021-04-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/19255eng10.1177/003329412110110731558-691Xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-24T10:31:41Zoai:sapientia.ualg.pt:10400.1/19255Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:08:55.729283Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
title |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
spellingShingle |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample Gomes, Alexandra Sexism Ambivalent sexism Neosexism Contemporary sexism Group comparison |
title_short |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
title_full |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
title_fullStr |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
title_full_unstemmed |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
title_sort |
Are we getting less sexist? a ten-year gap comparison analysis of sexism in a Portuguese sample |
author |
Gomes, Alexandra |
author_facet |
Gomes, Alexandra Gonçalves, Gabriela Sousa, Cátia Vieira dos Santos, J. Giger, Jean-Christophe |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gonçalves, Gabriela Sousa, Cátia Vieira dos Santos, J. Giger, Jean-Christophe |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Sapientia |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Gomes, Alexandra Gonçalves, Gabriela Sousa, Cátia Vieira dos Santos, J. Giger, Jean-Christophe |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sexism Ambivalent sexism Neosexism Contemporary sexism Group comparison |
topic |
Sexism Ambivalent sexism Neosexism Contemporary sexism Group comparison |
description |
Widely and slowly, discrimination against women based upon gender has become socially unacceptable. However, less is known about how sexist beliefs have progressed in the last years and if we are responding to this social antagonizing of a sexist discourse. Our goal was to verify the existence of differences in ambivalent sexism and neosexism over a ten-year gap in a Portuguese adult sample and to assess possible modifications in the relationship between the variables. A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted using two independent groups, with measures taken in 2009 and then in 2019. Both groups were invariant in terms of average age and proportion of sexes. Our results show a decrease in hostile and benevolent forms of sexism, while neosexism remains constant. The relationships between variables suggest that sexist beliefs are changing to accommodate subtler and modernized forms of sexism, like neosexism, that deny the existence of discrimination against women, resent discrimination complaints, and maintain a paternalistic view of women. Neosexism also seems to have a stronger correlation with hostile sexism than with benevolent forms of sexism in the male subsample. This relationship is stronger for the 2019 sample. These relationships suggest that sexism is more deeply rooted than we would like to admit and adapts to social discourse. Despite our best efforts, it is yet to be overcome. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-04 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z 2023-03-15T11:26:13Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/19255 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/19255 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1177/00332941211011073 1558-691X |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sage |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sage |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799133336172494848 |