Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Cosentino, Alejandro César
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Azzara, Sergio Héctor, Grinhauz, Aldana Sol, Azzollini, Susana Celeste
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653
Resumo: Abstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel.
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spelling Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmasA tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas : Associações com a reflexão cognitiva e com respostas a dilemas moraisDecision makingDecision theoryRationalityAffectionMilitary academyTomada de decisãoTeoria da decisãoRacionalidadeAfetividadeAcademia militarAbstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel.Resumo: Foi proposto que a tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas pode ser baseada em dois tipos de processamento de informações: afetivo e racional. Como o modelo de decisões urgentes é recente, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar suas características e relações com variáveis relevantes. Utilizamos uma amostra intencional de 416 estudantes universitários de uma academia militar. Os resultados mostraram que a tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas está relacionada a preferências gerais por intuição ou deliberação, reflexão cognitiva e reação a dilemas morais pessoal altamente conflituosos. Notavelmente, a tomada de decisão urgente baseada na racionalidade foi positivamente associada à reflexão cognitiva e a uma forma utilitária de resolver dilemas morais pessoais de alto conflito. Além disso, tanto a tomada de decisões urgentes, tanto racionais como afetivas/emocionais, foram associadas à percepção da dificuldade em resolver dilemas morais pessoais de alto-conflito. O modelo de juízos urgentes em circunstâncias extremas pode ser útil porque contribui para descrever o perfil cognitivo e decisório óptimo para a seleção de recursos humanos em atividades que envolvem enfrentar contextos de alta incerteza onde a tomada de decisões rápidas é necessária, tais como tarefas realizadas por profissionais de resgate ou pessoal de combate.Edições ISPARepositório do ISPACosentino, Alejandro CésarAzzara, Sergio HéctorGrinhauz, Aldana SolAzzollini, Susana Celeste2020-06-19T14:06:30Z2020-062020-06-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653engCosentino, A. C., Azzara, S. H., Grinhauz, A. S., & Azzollini, S. C. (2020). Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances: Associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas. Análise Psicológica, 38(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.17071646-602010.14417/ap.1707info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-23T02:17:49Zoai:repositorio.ispa.pt:10400.12/7653Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T15:25:29.938498Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
A tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas : Associações com a reflexão cognitiva e com respostas a dilemas morais
title Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
spellingShingle Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
Cosentino, Alejandro César
Decision making
Decision theory
Rationality
Affection
Military academy
Tomada de decisão
Teoria da decisão
Racionalidade
Afetividade
Academia militar
title_short Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
title_full Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
title_fullStr Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
title_full_unstemmed Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
title_sort Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
author Cosentino, Alejandro César
author_facet Cosentino, Alejandro César
Azzara, Sergio Héctor
Grinhauz, Aldana Sol
Azzollini, Susana Celeste
author_role author
author2 Azzara, Sergio Héctor
Grinhauz, Aldana Sol
Azzollini, Susana Celeste
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório do ISPA
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Cosentino, Alejandro César
Azzara, Sergio Héctor
Grinhauz, Aldana Sol
Azzollini, Susana Celeste
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Decision making
Decision theory
Rationality
Affection
Military academy
Tomada de decisão
Teoria da decisão
Racionalidade
Afetividade
Academia militar
topic Decision making
Decision theory
Rationality
Affection
Military academy
Tomada de decisão
Teoria da decisão
Racionalidade
Afetividade
Academia militar
description Abstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-06-19T14:06:30Z
2020-06
2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Cosentino, A. C., Azzara, S. H., Grinhauz, A. S., & Azzollini, S. C. (2020). Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances: Associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas. Análise Psicológica, 38(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1707
1646-6020
10.14417/ap.1707
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Edições ISPA
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Edições ISPA
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