Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653 |
Resumo: | Abstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel. |
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Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmasA tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas : Associações com a reflexão cognitiva e com respostas a dilemas moraisDecision makingDecision theoryRationalityAffectionMilitary academyTomada de decisãoTeoria da decisãoRacionalidadeAfetividadeAcademia militarAbstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel.Resumo: Foi proposto que a tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas pode ser baseada em dois tipos de processamento de informações: afetivo e racional. Como o modelo de decisões urgentes é recente, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar suas características e relações com variáveis relevantes. Utilizamos uma amostra intencional de 416 estudantes universitários de uma academia militar. Os resultados mostraram que a tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas está relacionada a preferências gerais por intuição ou deliberação, reflexão cognitiva e reação a dilemas morais pessoal altamente conflituosos. Notavelmente, a tomada de decisão urgente baseada na racionalidade foi positivamente associada à reflexão cognitiva e a uma forma utilitária de resolver dilemas morais pessoais de alto conflito. Além disso, tanto a tomada de decisões urgentes, tanto racionais como afetivas/emocionais, foram associadas à percepção da dificuldade em resolver dilemas morais pessoais de alto-conflito. O modelo de juízos urgentes em circunstâncias extremas pode ser útil porque contribui para descrever o perfil cognitivo e decisório óptimo para a seleção de recursos humanos em atividades que envolvem enfrentar contextos de alta incerteza onde a tomada de decisões rápidas é necessária, tais como tarefas realizadas por profissionais de resgate ou pessoal de combate.Edições ISPARepositório do ISPACosentino, Alejandro CésarAzzara, Sergio HéctorGrinhauz, Aldana SolAzzollini, Susana Celeste2020-06-19T14:06:30Z2020-062020-06-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653engCosentino, A. C., Azzara, S. H., Grinhauz, A. S., & Azzollini, S. C. (2020). Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances: Associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas. Análise Psicológica, 38(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.17071646-602010.14417/ap.1707info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-23T02:17:49Zoai:repositorio.ispa.pt:10400.12/7653Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T15:25:29.938498Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas A tomada de decisões urgentes em circunstâncias extremas : Associações com a reflexão cognitiva e com respostas a dilemas morais |
title |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
spellingShingle |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas Cosentino, Alejandro César Decision making Decision theory Rationality Affection Military academy Tomada de decisão Teoria da decisão Racionalidade Afetividade Academia militar |
title_short |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
title_full |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
title_fullStr |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
title_sort |
Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances : associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas |
author |
Cosentino, Alejandro César |
author_facet |
Cosentino, Alejandro César Azzara, Sergio Héctor Grinhauz, Aldana Sol Azzollini, Susana Celeste |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Azzara, Sergio Héctor Grinhauz, Aldana Sol Azzollini, Susana Celeste |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório do ISPA |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cosentino, Alejandro César Azzara, Sergio Héctor Grinhauz, Aldana Sol Azzollini, Susana Celeste |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Decision making Decision theory Rationality Affection Military academy Tomada de decisão Teoria da decisão Racionalidade Afetividade Academia militar |
topic |
Decision making Decision theory Rationality Affection Military academy Tomada de decisão Teoria da decisão Racionalidade Afetividade Academia militar |
description |
Abstract: It has been proposed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances may be based on two systems of information processing: affective and rational (Cosentino, Azzollini, Depaula, & Castillo, 2017). Given that the model of urgent decisions has been recently developed, the aim of this study was to determine its characteristics and relationships with relevant variables: (a) the tendency to inhibit dominant but incorrect responses and to promote a reflective process that leads to the correct responses and (b) the resolution and difficulty of high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. We used an intentional sample of 416 university students from a military academy. The results showed that urgent decision making in extreme circumstances is related to general preferences for intuition or deliberation, cognitive reflection, and reaction to high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Notably, urgent decision making based on rationality was positively associated with cognitive reflection and a utilitarian way of solving high-conflict personal moral dilemmas. Also, both rational and affective/emotional urgent decision-making types were found to be associated with the perceived difficulty in solving the dilemmas. The model of urgent judgments in extreme circumstances can be useful because it contributes to describing the optimal cognitive and decisional profile for the selection of human resources in activities that involve facing contexts of high uncertainty where fast decision making is required, such as tasks performed by professional rescue or combat personnel. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-06-19T14:06:30Z 2020-06 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/7653 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Cosentino, A. C., Azzara, S. H., Grinhauz, A. S., & Azzollini, S. C. (2020). Urgent decision-making in extreme circumstances: Associations with cognitive reflection and with responses to moral dilemmas. Análise Psicológica, 38(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1707 1646-6020 10.14417/ap.1707 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Edições ISPA |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Edições ISPA |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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