Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Moranguinho, Inês
Data de Publicação: 2023
Outros Autores: Taveira, Nuno, Bártolo, Inês
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/61922
Resumo: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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spelling Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New CompoundsHIV-2HIV-2 treatmentantiretroviral drugsresistance mutationsresistance pathways© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Currently, it is estimated that 1–2 million people worldwide are infected with HIV-2, accounting for 3–5% of the global burden of HIV. The course of HIV-2 infection is longer compared to HIV-1 infection, but without effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), a substantial proportion of infected patients will progress to AIDS and die. Antiretroviral drugs in clinical use were designed for HIV-1 and, unfortunately, some do not work as well, or do not work at all, for HIV-2. This is the case for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide (T-20), most protease inhibitors (PIs), the attachment inhibitor fostemsavir and most broadly neutralizing antibodies. Integrase inhibitors work well against HIV-2 and are included in first-line therapeutic regimens for HIV-2-infected patients. However, rapid emergence of drug resistance and cross-resistance within each drug class dramatically reduces second-line treatment options. New drugs are needed to treat infection with drug-resistant isolates. Here, we review the therapeutic armamentarium available to treat HIV-2-infected patients, as well as promising drugs in development. We also review HIV-2 drug resistance mutations and resistance pathways that develop in HIV-2-infected patients under treatment.This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN)—Portugal Collaborative Research Network in Portuguese speaking countries in Africa (project 332821690). Inês Moranguinho was supported by PhD fellowship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (reference SFRH/BD/131062/2017) Inês Bártolo is supported by FCT through Norma Transitória—DL57/2016/CP1376/CT0012.MDPIRepositório da Universidade de LisboaMoranguinho, InêsTaveira, NunoBártolo, Inês2024-01-18T18:41:03Z2023-03-212023-10-25T13:04:56Z2023-03-21T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/61922engMoranguinho I, Taveira N, Bártolo I. Antiretroviral treatment of hiv-2 infection: available drugs, resistance pathways, and promising new compounds. IJMS [Internet]. 21 de março de 2023;24(6):5905. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/6/5905cv-prod-335944510.3390/ijms24065905info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-22T01:20:26Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/61922Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:56:16.602278Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
title Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
spellingShingle Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
Moranguinho, Inês
HIV-2
HIV-2 treatment
antiretroviral drugs
resistance mutations
resistance pathways
title_short Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
title_full Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
title_fullStr Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
title_full_unstemmed Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
title_sort Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV-2 Infection: Available Drugs, Resistance Pathways, and Promising New Compounds
author Moranguinho, Inês
author_facet Moranguinho, Inês
Taveira, Nuno
Bártolo, Inês
author_role author
author2 Taveira, Nuno
Bártolo, Inês
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Moranguinho, Inês
Taveira, Nuno
Bártolo, Inês
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv HIV-2
HIV-2 treatment
antiretroviral drugs
resistance mutations
resistance pathways
topic HIV-2
HIV-2 treatment
antiretroviral drugs
resistance mutations
resistance pathways
description © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-03-21
2023-10-25T13:04:56Z
2023-03-21T00:00:00Z
2024-01-18T18:41:03Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/61922
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/61922
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Moranguinho I, Taveira N, Bártolo I. Antiretroviral treatment of hiv-2 infection: available drugs, resistance pathways, and promising new compounds. IJMS [Internet]. 21 de março de 2023;24(6):5905. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/6/5905
cv-prod-3359445
10.3390/ijms24065905
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
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collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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