Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach”
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488 |
Resumo: | Recent global trends in migration, trade and overall mobility have continued to transform our objective realities and subjective experiences around linguistic diversity. More broadly, in many countries, the politics of multilingualism seem to have changed the old links between language and nation-state. In this context, Scotland is studied in this article as a case study as it acts to dispel the myth of a ‘monolingual country.’ Its recent language policy, the “1+2 Language Approach” (Scottish Government, 2012b), including regional languages, modern foreign languages and heritage languages of migrants have created opportunities as well as imbalances and issues of equity in the Scottish language habitus. Drawing on Kraus’s work (2018), this article demonstrates how the policy creates language as ‘options’ and as ‘ligatures.’ However, these ‘options’ and ‘ligatures’ are not salient and straightforward. The policy is explored on three different levels: (1) on its potential for allowing the development of multilingual communication strategies such as intercomprehension, code-switching and mixing, (2) on its commitment to linguistic justice avoiding language hierarchies and (3) on its links with dominating, neoliberal approaches to education and the economy. The article finally concludes that options and ligatures visible in language policy impose some semantic order on the confusion of layered co-occurrences of various hegemonies, or the general strain between macro and micro distinction. |
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Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach”1+2 language approach; language policy; multilingualism; options and ligatures; Scotland; social inclusionRecent global trends in migration, trade and overall mobility have continued to transform our objective realities and subjective experiences around linguistic diversity. More broadly, in many countries, the politics of multilingualism seem to have changed the old links between language and nation-state. In this context, Scotland is studied in this article as a case study as it acts to dispel the myth of a ‘monolingual country.’ Its recent language policy, the “1+2 Language Approach” (Scottish Government, 2012b), including regional languages, modern foreign languages and heritage languages of migrants have created opportunities as well as imbalances and issues of equity in the Scottish language habitus. Drawing on Kraus’s work (2018), this article demonstrates how the policy creates language as ‘options’ and as ‘ligatures.’ However, these ‘options’ and ‘ligatures’ are not salient and straightforward. The policy is explored on three different levels: (1) on its potential for allowing the development of multilingual communication strategies such as intercomprehension, code-switching and mixing, (2) on its commitment to linguistic justice avoiding language hierarchies and (3) on its links with dominating, neoliberal approaches to education and the economy. The article finally concludes that options and ligatures visible in language policy impose some semantic order on the confusion of layered co-occurrences of various hegemonies, or the general strain between macro and micro distinction.Cogitatio2021-01-14info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/3488Social Inclusion; Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Social Inclusion and Multilingualism: The Impact of Linguistic Justice, Economy of Language and Language Policy; 14-232183-2803reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPenghttps://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/3488https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/3488/3488Copyright (c) 2021 Argyro Kanakihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessKanaki, Argyro2022-12-20T10:59:35Zoai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/3488Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:21:26.308966Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
title |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
spellingShingle |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” Kanaki, Argyro 1+2 language approach; language policy; multilingualism; options and ligatures; Scotland; social inclusion |
title_short |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
title_full |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
title_fullStr |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
title_sort |
Multilingualism and Social Inclusion in Scotland: Language Options and Ligatures of the “1+2 Language Approach” |
author |
Kanaki, Argyro |
author_facet |
Kanaki, Argyro |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Kanaki, Argyro |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
1+2 language approach; language policy; multilingualism; options and ligatures; Scotland; social inclusion |
topic |
1+2 language approach; language policy; multilingualism; options and ligatures; Scotland; social inclusion |
description |
Recent global trends in migration, trade and overall mobility have continued to transform our objective realities and subjective experiences around linguistic diversity. More broadly, in many countries, the politics of multilingualism seem to have changed the old links between language and nation-state. In this context, Scotland is studied in this article as a case study as it acts to dispel the myth of a ‘monolingual country.’ Its recent language policy, the “1+2 Language Approach” (Scottish Government, 2012b), including regional languages, modern foreign languages and heritage languages of migrants have created opportunities as well as imbalances and issues of equity in the Scottish language habitus. Drawing on Kraus’s work (2018), this article demonstrates how the policy creates language as ‘options’ and as ‘ligatures.’ However, these ‘options’ and ‘ligatures’ are not salient and straightforward. The policy is explored on three different levels: (1) on its potential for allowing the development of multilingual communication strategies such as intercomprehension, code-switching and mixing, (2) on its commitment to linguistic justice avoiding language hierarchies and (3) on its links with dominating, neoliberal approaches to education and the economy. The article finally concludes that options and ligatures visible in language policy impose some semantic order on the confusion of layered co-occurrences of various hegemonies, or the general strain between macro and micro distinction. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-01-14 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488 oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/3488 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488 |
identifier_str_mv |
oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/3488 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/3488 https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3488 https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/3488/3488 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2021 Argyro Kanaki http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2021 Argyro Kanaki http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Social Inclusion; Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Social Inclusion and Multilingualism: The Impact of Linguistic Justice, Economy of Language and Language Policy; 14-23 2183-2803 reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799130661182767104 |