Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975 |
Resumo: | In this review of the literature, we distinguish between experimental and observational studies, highlighting the importance that the later have gained in the era of evidence-based medicine. We further analyze the value of observational studies in light of experimental studies. We present a taxonomy for observational studies based on units of observation and measurement (cross-sectional or longitudinal). We distinguish between descriptive studies and analytical studies. Then, and given its specificity, we define and present a classification for ecological studies. We define and consider the advantages and disadvantages of cross-sectional, case control and cohort studies. We analyze the strength of the evidence given by each study design. We finished by examining what should guide the choice of a study design. |
id |
RCAP_d02f8aaa0fa17d7871b41cb6b2c24f37 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3975 |
network_acronym_str |
RCAP |
network_name_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository_id_str |
7160 |
spelling |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and DesignsEstudos Observacionais na Era da Medicina Baseada na Evidência: Breve Revisão Sobre a Sua Relevância, Taxonomia e DesenhosIn this review of the literature, we distinguish between experimental and observational studies, highlighting the importance that the later have gained in the era of evidence-based medicine. We further analyze the value of observational studies in light of experimental studies. We present a taxonomy for observational studies based on units of observation and measurement (cross-sectional or longitudinal). We distinguish between descriptive studies and analytical studies. Then, and given its specificity, we define and present a classification for ecological studies. We define and consider the advantages and disadvantages of cross-sectional, case control and cohort studies. We analyze the strength of the evidence given by each study design. We finished by examining what should guide the choice of a study design.Nesta revisão narrativa da literatura, distinguimos entre estudos experimentais e estudos observacionais, realçando a importância que estes últimos têm vindo a ganhar na era da medicina baseada na evidência cujo gold standard são os estudos experimentais. Apresentamos uma taxonomia para os estudos observacionais que se baseia nas unidades de observação e na medição (transversal ou longitudinal). Distinguimos entre estudos descritivos e estudos analíticos. Em seguida, e dada a sua especificidade, definimos e apresentamos uma classificação própria para os estudos ecológicos. Definimos e tecemos considerações sobre as vantagens e desvantagens dos estudos transversais, de caso controlo e de coorte. Analisamos a força da evidência de cada desenho de estudo. Terminamos concluindo sobre o que deve orientar a escolha do desenho de estudo.Ordem dos Médicos2013-06-05info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3975Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 26 No. 2 (2013): March-April; 161-170Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 26 N.º 2 (2013): Março-Abril; 161-1701646-07580870-399Xreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPporhttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975/3223Fronteira, Inesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-12-20T11:03:09Zoai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3975Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:18:39.869852Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs Estudos Observacionais na Era da Medicina Baseada na Evidência: Breve Revisão Sobre a Sua Relevância, Taxonomia e Desenhos |
title |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
spellingShingle |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs Fronteira, Ines |
title_short |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
title_full |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
title_fullStr |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
title_sort |
Observational Studies in the Era of Evidence Based Medicine: Short Review on their Relevance, Taxonomy and Designs |
author |
Fronteira, Ines |
author_facet |
Fronteira, Ines |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fronteira, Ines |
description |
In this review of the literature, we distinguish between experimental and observational studies, highlighting the importance that the later have gained in the era of evidence-based medicine. We further analyze the value of observational studies in light of experimental studies. We present a taxonomy for observational studies based on units of observation and measurement (cross-sectional or longitudinal). We distinguish between descriptive studies and analytical studies. Then, and given its specificity, we define and present a classification for ecological studies. We define and consider the advantages and disadvantages of cross-sectional, case control and cohort studies. We analyze the strength of the evidence given by each study design. We finished by examining what should guide the choice of a study design. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2013-06-05 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975 oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3975 |
url |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975 |
identifier_str_mv |
oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3975 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975 https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3975/3223 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ordem dos Médicos |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ordem dos Médicos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 26 No. 2 (2013): March-April; 161-170 Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 26 N.º 2 (2013): Março-Abril; 161-170 1646-0758 0870-399X reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799130638354219008 |