Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2354-x |
Resumo: | After the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea.Background: After the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Methods: This survey involved 232 individuals living in 69 households located in two rural villages, Ngonamanga and Miyobo, of coastal and interior of Equatorial Guinea, respectively. Malaria prevalence was measured by PCR and parasitaemia level by optical microscopy; household socioeconomic status (SES) was measured based on house characteristics using a 2-step cluster analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship of a diverse set of independent variables on being diagnosed with malaria and on showing high levels of parasitaemia. Results: The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infection was 69%, with 80% of households having at least one parasitaemic member. The majority of houses have eaves (80%), walls of clay/wood (90%) and zinc roof (99%) and only 10% of them have basic sanitation facilities. The studied areas showed reduced rates of indoor residual spraying coverage (9%), and long-lasting insecticide-treated net ownership (35%), with none of these preventive tools showing any significant effects on malaria risk in these areas. Neither the risk of malaria infection (PCR positive result) or the development of high parasitaemia did show association with SES. Conclusions: This study has contributed to reinforce the importance of living conditions associated to a high risk of malaria infection and vulnerability to develop high parasitaemia. This study also contributes to future malaria control interventions to be implemented in mainland Equatorial Guinea or in other countries with similar environmental conditions. |
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Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial GuineaMalaria infectionPlasmodium spp.Risk factorsSocioeconomic statusEquatorial GuineaCluster AnalysisEquatorial GuineaLogistic ModelsMalariaMicroscopyParasitemiaPolymerase Chain ReactionPrevalenceRisk FactorsRural PopulationFamily CharacteristicsSocioeconomic FactorsAfter the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea.Background: After the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Methods: This survey involved 232 individuals living in 69 households located in two rural villages, Ngonamanga and Miyobo, of coastal and interior of Equatorial Guinea, respectively. Malaria prevalence was measured by PCR and parasitaemia level by optical microscopy; household socioeconomic status (SES) was measured based on house characteristics using a 2-step cluster analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship of a diverse set of independent variables on being diagnosed with malaria and on showing high levels of parasitaemia. Results: The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infection was 69%, with 80% of households having at least one parasitaemic member. The majority of houses have eaves (80%), walls of clay/wood (90%) and zinc roof (99%) and only 10% of them have basic sanitation facilities. The studied areas showed reduced rates of indoor residual spraying coverage (9%), and long-lasting insecticide-treated net ownership (35%), with none of these preventive tools showing any significant effects on malaria risk in these areas. Neither the risk of malaria infection (PCR positive result) or the development of high parasitaemia did show association with SES. Conclusions: This study has contributed to reinforce the importance of living conditions associated to a high risk of malaria infection and vulnerability to develop high parasitaemia. This study also contributes to future malaria control interventions to be implemented in mainland Equatorial Guinea or in other countries with similar environmental conditions.Springer Nature2018-05-18info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764http://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2354-xeng1475-2875Guerra, MónicaSousa, Bruno deNdong-Mabale, NicolasBerzosa, PedroArez, Ana Paulainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-08-17T14:10:50Zoai:estudogeral.uc.pt:10316/107764Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T21:24:04.487542Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
title |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
spellingShingle |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea Guerra, Mónica Malaria infection Plasmodium spp. Risk factors Socioeconomic status Equatorial Guinea Cluster Analysis Equatorial Guinea Logistic Models Malaria Microscopy Parasitemia Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Risk Factors Rural Population Family Characteristics Socioeconomic Factors |
title_short |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
title_full |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
title_fullStr |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
title_sort |
Malaria determining risk factors at the household level in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea |
author |
Guerra, Mónica |
author_facet |
Guerra, Mónica Sousa, Bruno de Ndong-Mabale, Nicolas Berzosa, Pedro Arez, Ana Paula |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Sousa, Bruno de Ndong-Mabale, Nicolas Berzosa, Pedro Arez, Ana Paula |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Guerra, Mónica Sousa, Bruno de Ndong-Mabale, Nicolas Berzosa, Pedro Arez, Ana Paula |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Malaria infection Plasmodium spp. Risk factors Socioeconomic status Equatorial Guinea Cluster Analysis Equatorial Guinea Logistic Models Malaria Microscopy Parasitemia Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Risk Factors Rural Population Family Characteristics Socioeconomic Factors |
topic |
Malaria infection Plasmodium spp. Risk factors Socioeconomic status Equatorial Guinea Cluster Analysis Equatorial Guinea Logistic Models Malaria Microscopy Parasitemia Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Risk Factors Rural Population Family Characteristics Socioeconomic Factors |
description |
After the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea.Background: After the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy, the reduction of prevalence of malaria infections has shown a remarkable progress during the last decade. However due to the lack of a consistent malaria control programme and socioeconomic inequalities, Plasmodium infection is still one of the major cause of disease in Equatorial Guinea, namely in the rural communities. This study explored the associated risk factors of malaria transmission at the microeconomic level (households) in two rural villages of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Methods: This survey involved 232 individuals living in 69 households located in two rural villages, Ngonamanga and Miyobo, of coastal and interior of Equatorial Guinea, respectively. Malaria prevalence was measured by PCR and parasitaemia level by optical microscopy; household socioeconomic status (SES) was measured based on house characteristics using a 2-step cluster analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship of a diverse set of independent variables on being diagnosed with malaria and on showing high levels of parasitaemia. Results: The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infection was 69%, with 80% of households having at least one parasitaemic member. The majority of houses have eaves (80%), walls of clay/wood (90%) and zinc roof (99%) and only 10% of them have basic sanitation facilities. The studied areas showed reduced rates of indoor residual spraying coverage (9%), and long-lasting insecticide-treated net ownership (35%), with none of these preventive tools showing any significant effects on malaria risk in these areas. Neither the risk of malaria infection (PCR positive result) or the development of high parasitaemia did show association with SES. Conclusions: This study has contributed to reinforce the importance of living conditions associated to a high risk of malaria infection and vulnerability to develop high parasitaemia. This study also contributes to future malaria control interventions to be implemented in mainland Equatorial Guinea or in other countries with similar environmental conditions. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-18 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764 http://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2354-x |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/107764 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2354-x |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
1475-2875 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer Nature |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer Nature |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799134126454865920 |