Efeito metabólico de um pequeno-almoço rápido e nutricionalmente equilibrado, desenvolvido para colmatar as necessidades da geração Y : estudo clínico aleatorizado e cruzado

• Autor(a) principal: Fonseca, Gisela de Camargo Cunha Arnaud
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/158399
• topic: Breakfast; GLP-1; Glycemic Response; Metabolism; Obesity; PYY; Y Generation; Ciências Médicas

Abstract Background: Men and women born in the last two decades of the 20th century, currently aged between 27 and 42 years, known as Generation Y or millennials, represent about 25% of the Portuguese population and a large part of economically active individuals. Technological development and easy access to information have transformed the Y generation into a group with specific demands regarding responsible consumption, including those referring to the type and quality of food they are consuming. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic effect of two portable breakfast kits, developed within a partnership with the food industry, in the MobFood project – Mobilization of Scientific and Technological Knowledge in Response to the Challenges of the Agrifood Market, in relation to a control breakfast (PAC). Methods: This was a randomized cross-sectional study that included 3 visits. At each visit, the participants randomly consumed one of the two test portable breakfast kits or the PAC. Venous blood was collected, and a subjective appetite and satiety assessment questionnaire was completed at 5 time points [fasting and up to 3 hours after consuming the PAC and test kits (P kit with cookies and R kit with cereal bar)] to determine glucose, insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) objective response, and subjective feelings of hunger, satiety, and palatability. Results: Ten healthy and normoglycemic subjects, with a median age of 25 years, concluded this study. The R kit caused a greater stimulus for the secretion of insulin and GLP-1 when compared to the PAC, but the same response did not occur for PYY. There were no significant differences in glycemic response or ghrelin secretion when comparing PAC and Kits R and P. No differences were found in subjective evaluations of hunger, satiety, and palatability either. Conclusion: The P kit can be considered as an on the go alternative (fast and portable) in relation to the PAC, since no different metabolic effects were identified between both in the short-term evaluation. The R kit had a more exacerbated insulinogenic effect that needs to be investigated in long-term studies. The development of products aimed at improving the quality of ready-to-eat meals that meet the needs of generation Y, it is encouraged further studies, primarily long-term nutritional interventions, to elucidate the possible mechanisms and metabolic effects arising from the synergy between nutrients and the potential long-term health impacts on young adults.