De dama da corte a Condessa de Belmonte: a primeira mestra de D. Pedro II (1808 – 1855)

• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Gilmara Rodrigues da
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/17558
• topic: Condesa de Belmonte; Educación de niños nobles; Countess of Belmonte; Education of noble children; Imperial Brazil; Educação; Coutinho, Mariana Carlota de Verna Magalhães, 1779-1855; Pedro II, Imperador do Brasil, 1825-1891; Mariana Carlota de Verna Magalhães Coutinho; Condessa de Belmonte; Educação de crianças nobres; D. Pedro II; Brasil Império; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO::FUNDAMENTOS DA EDUCACAO

The purpose of this work is to elucidate aspects of the life and pedagogical thinking of the first master of Emperor D. Pedro II, the preceptor of the brazilian imperial house, Mariana Carlota de Verna Magalhães Coutinho, Countess of Belmonte, analyzing her importance in the formation of Brazil's future sovereign, at the time of the constitution of a new nation that bet on the second reign as a perspective of rupture with the processes inherited from the colony and portuguese domination. Mariana Carlota de Verna, considered a woman of many virtues and admired by D. Pedro I, arrived in Brazil in 1808, with her family, and in a short time - and suddenly - became a widow. The Emperor D. Pedro I perceived in this woman qualities that differentiated her from the other ladies of the court and, for that, he invited her to live in the Palace of São Cristóvão and be a maid of the crown prince, who would be born within a month. Performing her duties since the birth of the prince, after one year, with the early death of Leopoldina, which left him an orphan, she took on the role of second mother and lived by his side until the wedding. In this context, she became responsible for the transmission of an education of markedly moral aspect, which according to her was necessary for those who, in the future, would become the successor to the brazilian throne. For analysis of the trajectory of the Countess of Belmonte alongside with the prince D. Pedro II, collections located in the Rio de Janeiro and in Petrópolis were used, among them unpublished documents belonging to the personal archive of a descendant, in addition to historical sources, including letters, researched at the Imperial Museum, in the National Library and other institutions for the keeping of historical documents. The literature review on the subject proposes a dialogue with biographers of D. Pedro II, in order to know aspects of the life of Mariana Carlota de Verna and its relevance to the educational formation of the future sovereign. The framework used as a theoretical contribution addresses the work of Marc Bloch (2001), for a historiographical analysis; Burke (2009), for a better understanding of what the brazilian court society was like and how monarchs were prepared for the throne; Perrot (2005), which brings the elements necessary to dialogue with the Countess of Belmonte as a forgotten and silenced woman, despite her influence on the future emperor of Brazil; Vasconcelos (2005), to understand the education of the 18th century elites in Brazil; and Gomes (2004) & Cunha (2019), to contribute to the analysis and interpretation of the available letters and personal archive. One of the proven hypotheses is that the knowledge transmitted by the Countess of Belmonte greatly influenced the personality of the young monarch and his political thought. The preceptor's dedication to its functions can be verified, among others, by the preparation of the book entitled Pequeno Catecismo Histórico (Little Historic Catechism on a free translation), for the sole purpose of taking the lessons of the prince, whose original, not yet studied, is found in the possession of his descendant and is analyzed, as a source, in this study. In addition to the countess' teachings, present in various sources, it is possible to rebuild aspects of education considered appropriate for the government of the Brazilian nation, who aspired to free itself from the remnants of the colony and to match the nations seen as civilized.