O autocuidado da criança com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: contribuição para a saúde escolar

• Autor(a) principal: Pimentel, Ulrick Stephanie Ferraz
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11427
• topic: Nursing; Children; School Health; Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; Self-care; Enfermagem; Criança; Saúde Escolar; Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1; Autocuidado; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus is the second most common chronic disease in childhood, less prevalent than asthma only, and its incidence has increased in recent decades. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus have demands for continuous health care needs including the adequate capillary blood glucose monitoring, insulin application, balanced feeding and the practice of physical activities to reach metabolic control. As the child stays most of the day at school, the school is a living space that can influence on the child self-care. Thus, it is a great challenge to assist these children on their specificities and multiple care demands on school. Objectives: to describe the self-care of child with type 1 diabetes mellitus on school; to identify the challenges faced by these children on their self-care on school and to analyze, on child perspective, the adopted strategies to overcome these challenges. Methodology: this is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, developed through semi-structured interview. Sixteen children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged between 6 and 11, participated on this study. The study was carried out on a pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic in a federal hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected between June and July 2016, and were analyzed based on Bardin's content analysis, interpreted in the light of health promotion model of Nola Pender. Results: the reports indicate that when well oriented, the care practices are in accordance with the recommended. However, there are still some practices that need to be improved and stimulated to be carried out at school. With regard to the difficulties, it was evidenced that there is a lack of material and human resources necessary to support children in their care demands. Conclusion: Two possible strategies are considered to ensure that the special needs of the child with type 1 diabetes mellitus are met at school. First, that there is a nurse working in the school, acting not only as a health educator and care provider, but also to assist the school in adapting its routines and its political pedagogical project to the special needs of children. However, it is known that the presence of this professional in this environment cannot yet be guaranteed in all schools. From this perspective, it is considered the improvement of the existing resources through the Health Program in the School.