Uso de serviços de saúde e multimorbidade: contribuições para o debate sobre desigualdades sociais em saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Ana Sara Semeão de
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/18193
• topic: Multimorbidity; Health services research; Chronic disease; Multiple chronic conditions; Multimorbidade; Acesso aos serviços de saúde; Determinantes sociais da saúde; Doenças não-transmissíveis; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

Background: Multimorbidity has been increasingly common throughout the world. Access to effective and equitable health services that address the needs of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is still limited in many countries. In this sense, the present study aimed to identify the relationship between multimorbidity and the use of different health services and to assess the association between contextual and individual factors and the use of health services in individuals with multimorbidity in Brazil from 1998 to 2013. Methods: This is a panel study using data from the health supplement of 1998, 2003, and 2008 National Survey of Samples by Households and data from the National Health Survey conducted in 2013. The study population consisted of adults of age 18 years of age or older and classified as having multimorbidity (presence of two or more chronic problems in the same individual). Three health service utilization outcomes were considered: search for health services in the last fifteen days, medical consultation in the last twelve months, and hospitalisations in the last twelve months. Poisson regression models stratified by sex were used to estimate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals for each health service use and multimorbidity outcome per year. Two-level multilevel Poisson regression models were used to estimate the prevalence ratios adjusted for individual and contextual independent variables and their respective 95% confidence intervals, for the three outcomes, by panel year. Results: There was an increase in the prevalence of demand for health services and medical consultations in the last 12 months between 1998 and 2013, regardless of the multimorbidity classification. The prevalence of hospitalisations decreased over the study period and was twice as high in individuals with multimorbidity. Having multimorbidity increased the use of health services for the three outcomes under study, being more expressive among men. Individual factors related to the use of health services changed according to the type of health service investigated. Contextual characteristics of social vulnerability, organization of health services, and health indices influenced the search for health services and hospitalisations, with no association with medical appointments. Conclusion: This study found that individuals with multimorbidity have higher levels of use of health services. Furthermore, it revealed that the use of health services is variably associated with predisposing, enabling, and need factors in people with multimorbidity. These results point to the need to integrate all individual and contextual factors in planning access to health and, thus, reduce inequalities in access to health services in this population.