Vulnerabilidade de enfermeiros no cuidado a pacientes com HIV/Aids: um estudo de representações sociais

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, érick Igor dos
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11264
• topic: Health vulnerability; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Nursing care; Public Health Nursing; Communicable diseases; Occupational health; Vulnerabilidade em saúde; Síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida; Cuidados de enfermagem; Enfermagem em Saúde Pública; Doenças transmissíveis; Saúde do trabalhador; Infecções por HIV; AIDS (Doença) - Enfermagem; Representações sociais; Poder (Ciências sociais); CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM::ENFERMAGEM DE DOENCAS CONTAGIOSAS

Vulnerability and empowerment present themselves as elements of the professional life of nurses. It was established as study object the social representations developed by nurses who care for patients with HIV/Aids on their vulnerability in the nursing context concerned. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research based on the theoretical and methodological reference from the Social Representations in its processual approach. Participated in the study thirty nurses from a municipal public hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data collection techniques were the sociodemographic questionnaire and the detailed semi-structured interview. With regard to the data analysis, the thematic and categorical content analysis proposed by Bardin, systematized by Oliveira, and performed through the software QSR NVivo 9.0, was adopted. Among the subjects, it is highlighted the predominance of the female gender, the age group from 41 to 45 years, the catholic individuals, the stable relations, the lato sensu graduate course, and the minimum experience of 16 years in HIV/aids scenario. As qualitative results, seven categories emerged in the segmentation of the discursive material: 1) The access to information, professional training, and development of aids naturalization through experience: elements of vulnerability and empowerment; 2) The hospital institution and its infrastructure as a pole of vulnerability and empowerment in the symbolic constructions of nurses who care for patients with HIV/Aids; 3) Between risk and prevention: the vulnerability and empowerment in the context of biological labor accidents and the preventive practices adopted by nurses facing HIV/Aids in the hospital daily activities; 4) Interpersonal relations between nurse and HIV-seropositive patient as mediators of their vulnerability and empowerment; 5) The psychic limitations faced by nurses experiencing the work with patients with HIV/Aids; 6) The search for spirituality and religiosity as supporting bases for the professional life contextualized within aids; and 7) The HIV and aids in the context of different modalities of relationship: the presence of risk as an organizing element of discursivity. In professional life, the social representations of vulnerability are formed through frailty, risk, and difficulty. Empowerment, in its turn, emerges on a tripod formed by protection, support, and satisfaction as elements of well-being. In personal life, risk plays a central role in the representations of vulnerability. And empowerment shows to come from the intersections between well-being and protection. It was concluded that the social and cognitive reconstruction of vulnerability and empowerment allowed access to the symbolic arsenal which the group has to overcome its threatening danger. Vulnerability and empowerment are, thus, diversified and changeable with regard to their bases and products, in balance and counterbalance movements which embody the dyad vulnerability-empowerment.