A representação do indígena na cartografia portuguesa do século XVI

• Autor(a) principal: Pinto, Luciana de Queiroz
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/13556
• topic: Historical cartography; Indians; Image and imagery; Portuguese art; Cartografia histórica; Índios; Imagem e imagética; Arte portuguesa; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA

The Portuguese pioneirism in navigation, led to the development of cartography, being the sixteenth century, its peak. This technique was important to delimit the territory, to express the imaginary referring to the New World and to emphasize cultural traces of the natives through the imagery representations in the colonial maps. They portrayed a new world and a new humanity: the autochthonous populations of America. Throughout the sixteenth century the natives were decoded and reinterpreted in missionary letters, chroniclers' narratives and cartographic documents. These images, present in the Lusitanian maps that highlight Brazil and South America, characterized an ethnocentric view of Portuguese in relation to the natives of America. The iconography reveals a description of the good and the evil savage, that is, in some maps are illustrated as part of the landscape, full of exoticism and romanticism; In other documents appear images of wild men and cannibals; Thus, we conclude that the manuscript maps conveyed ambiguous views about the Indians. In this sense, the research aims to analyze and systematize the images, as well as the information contained in these documents, making a crossroads of cartographic sources and travelers' reports. This work also seeks to deepen these imagistic representations, to understand the ethnocentric and Christianized perspective in relation to the indigenous, being a way to legitimize the enslavement, acculturation and extermination of these peoples. The research line was based on the New Cultural History, using the memory regime methodology, dialoguing with anthropology and geography, considering the inherent problems of the theme. The iconography in these documents was analyzed beyond its artistic content, but also of its intentionality. The focus on the Quinhentismo is justified by the discoveries, territorial possessions and consequently, the height of the luso-cartography.