Obesidade em crianças de região do semiárido brasileiro : tendência temporal e determinantes

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Sabrina Gabriele Maia Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15860
• topic: Obesidade Pediátrica; Fatores de Risco; Estudos de Séries Temporais

Introduction: Childhood obesity carries comorbidity in adolescence and adulthood. It has been considered an epidemic. Several countries observed an increased incidence among schoolchildren and teenagers. This study aims to measure the prevalence of childhood obesity, determine their risk factors, and trace the trend of nutritional transition between preschool children, in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Methods: The Pesmics, population-based, cross-sectional series occurred in 1987, 1990, 1994, 2001 and 2007. More than 13,000 children up to three years were studied. Sample selection occurred in multiple stages: systematic and stratified conglomerates. Data were collected from home, mother and child. Index weight/age were collected and categorized. Analysis of the determining factors was the construction of theoretical model for multinominal regression analyses tiered at SPSS. The analysis of temporal trend was by Poisson regression in Minitab. Results: acute Malnutrition fell from 12.4% (95%CI 11.4-13.4) to 4.3% (95%CI 3.3-5.4), with a tendency of reduction of more than 50% (p=0.021). Otherwise, obesity among those children increased almost 240%, with temporal trend of increasing 12.01% (p=0.004). Factors associated with the risk of childhood obesity found in 1987, were family income (ORa = 4.88), cesarean section (ORa = 4.23), birth weight greater than 4 kg (ORa = 7.89) not talk, not walk. In 2007, were maternal schooling, birth weight, consume carbohydrates. Conclusions: The inversion of prevalence of child malnutrition to obesity condition characterizes the nutritional transition. The socioeconomic factors associated with increased risk for childhood obesity was less representative in the year 2007, featuring the progress of this epidemic to poorest areas.