IrrigaÃÃo deficitÃria controlada por etapas na cultura do melÃo, utilizando o modelo MOPECO

• Autor(a) principal: Raul Monte dos Anjos
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFC
• Texto Completo: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16891
• topic: Cucumis melo L.; DÃficit hÃdrico; Manejo de irrigaÃÃo; Cucumis melo L.; DÃficit hÃdrico; Manejo de irrigaÃÃo; AGRONOMIA

Water use in agriculture is, worldwide, about 70% of all fresh water, while industry uses 23% and human consumption 7%. Joins this, climate change that have led in Brazil long periods of drought, and to promote the fall in the harvest, as occurred in 2013. This demonstrates the need for farmers, to use it as efficiently to generate the maximum output at the lowest water consumption. Using the economic optimization model of irrigation water: MOPECO, which is a simple tool to aid decision making, due simulate the response of different crops to drought. The objective of this study was to define a management efficient irrigation, deficit irrigation using the methodology optimized by step, to yellow melon culture, next to the semiarid region of Cearà coast. The work began with the collection of climate data and work related to crop production, growth stages, water deficit, crop coefficients (Kc), response coefficient to water deficit of culture (Ky), irrigation schedule, blades irrigation, reference evapotranspiration (ETo), degrees daily day (GDD), which were collected from works produced in the coastal strip of PiauÃ, Cearà and Rio Grande do Norte. Later, based on information obtained in scientific studies, phenological stages, Kc and Ky in GDD were defined. The information obtained in the field with melon cultivation were used for calibration, and adjusted with the information coming from other jobs. After calibration and adjustment, the MOPECO program was validated using data provided by Sousa's work (2006). The results obtained are: The yellow melon crop cycle in the region, GDD, which was 1.393,47 comprises a range of 60 to 70 days, depending on the daily temperature. The Ky values calibrated for the region were: 0,4; 0,8; 0,8 and 0,3 and Kc were: 0,21; 1,05 and 0,3. The production was observed and simulated within the tolerance levels required for calibration of MOPECO model. With respect to the steps used by irrigation, their results were compared with constant irrigation with water deficit, then: the most consistent results were obtained for an overall ratio of 0.8 ETa / ETm.