Avaliação da qualidade nutricional de duas variedades de soja e a influência de seu consumo nos indicadores de doenças cardiovasculares em ratos senis

• Autor(a) principal: Daleprane, Julio Beltrame
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal Fluminense (RIUFF)
• Texto Completo: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/18427
• topic: Soja; Alimento funcional; Doença cardiovascular; Soja orgânica; Soja geneticamente modificada; Proteína; Doenças cardiovasculares; MEDICINA; CIÊNCIAS MÉDICAS; Avaliação nutricional; Alimento de soja; Organic soybean; Genetically modified soybean; Protein; Cardiovascular disease; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::CLINICA MEDICA

The organism s aging process promotes morphophysiological alterations that lead to diseases including those related to the cardiovascular system. Nutrition has a great influence in this process, and it is a consensus that the consumption of soybean can act as a protection factor in preventing these diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of two varieties of soybean (organic and genetically modified) as well as the influence their consumption has and their functional properties in cardiovascular disease indicators. Thirty rats were used, divided into 3 groups (n = 10): GC-casein-based ration; GO-organic soybean-based ration; GG-genetically modified soybean-based ration. They all received water and rations ad libtum throughout the entire period. For the preparation of the rations, the centesimal composition of the raw substances and the constituent of the rations were carried through, as well as the concentrations of isoflavones of the rations, that were isocaloric and isoproteic. Data were collected on weight, ration consumption and protein three times per week to determine PER and IC. At the end of 455 days, the animals were sacrificed to determine the seric concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total proteins and albumin (BIOCLIN Kits), insulin and glucose (Gold Analiza Kits). A segment of the aorta was also removed to determine tunic and heart thickness. Grade M-42 was used to check the collagen s area (Vvi(i%)) in the left ventricle. Both tissues were fixed in Milong formalin and underwent processing until coloration, when images were taken for subsequent analysis. The Kruscal-Walis test was applied to the results at a p&#8804; 0.05 level using S-Plus R 1.5 Version 6.0 software. We observed that the soybeans used in the experiment were similar and that the rations had the same composition of macro-nutrients as well as isoflavones. After 28 days of the experiment the GO s PER was higher (p<0.00008) than the GG s, and GC s was higher than both. On the 291st day we observed that the IC of the soybean-based group (GO and GG) were similar to GC, which was also observed on the 455th day. At the end of the experiment, the hematocrit (p<0.04) and hemoglobin (p<0.03) levels were lower in the soybean-based groups compared to the GC. The values for total proteins, albumin and insulin showed no difference among the groups. The cholesterol (p<0.0001), triglyceride (p<0.0072) and glucose (p<0.0013) data were lower in GO and GG compared to GC. The histology revealed that the endothelium in the GO and GG groups were lower (p<0.0095) than the GC, however they presented the same amount of collagen in the left ventricle. We concluded that both soybeans were effective in replacing animal protein in the phase that encompasses senility and no differences were revealed in the two varieties. The soybean also proved to be an important alternative for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.