Imputação filogenética: uma perspectiva macroecológica

• Autor(a) principal: Jardim, Lucas Lacerda Caldas Zanini
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/00130000006wp
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8980
• topic: Imputação múltipla; Imputação filogenética; Macroecologia; Dados faltantes; Lacuna de conhecimento; Regra de Bergmann; Homo floresiensis; Regra de ilha; Multiple imputation; Phylogenetic imputation; Macroecology; Missing data; Biodiversity knowledge shortfall; Bergmann’s rule; Island rule; Homo floresiensis; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Macroecology studies ecological pattern at large geographical and temporal scales. At these scales, information about hundreds or even thousands of studied species. This lack of information may potentially bias studies’ conclusions related with macroecological processes and patterns. In this thesis, we evaluated phylogenetic imputation methods, their uses and effects in macroecological studies. The first chapter evaluated different methods used to deal with missing data, taking into account different scenarios of species trait evolution, as well as percentage and pattern of missing data. We found that dealing with missing data relies on the specific goals and data of the study. Therefore, we suggested caution while using imputed database. In the second chapter, we tested the island rule effect in body mass and brain volume of primates. To do so, we fitted evolutionary models to those traits and then imputed the body mass and brain volume for Homo floresiensis. We concluded that primates do not follow the island rule and even though our models overestimated, on average, brain and body size of Homo floresiensis, its evolution did not deviate from primates’ evolutionary expectation. Lastly, in the third chapter, we tested existence of Bergmann’s rule in mammals using multiple imputation methods, in addition to considering the consequences of ignoring missing data while testing the rule. We found that ignoring missing data can invert (eg. changing from positive to negative effect) the effect of temperature on body mass, but this bias did not turn the effect statistically significant. Therefore, we concluded that mammals do not follow Bergmann’s rule, when evaluated at the class taxonomic level. Finally, this thesis discussed pros, cons and future research avenues in order to make phylogenetic imputation a more robust tool to deal with missing data in macroecology.