Relação entre o perfil nutricional e parâmetros bioquímicos em crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1

• Autor(a) principal: TELES, Sheylle Almeida da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/0013000001682
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1752
• topic: circunferência da cintura; consumo de alimentos; diabetes mellitus tipo 1; dislipidemias; glicemia.; Waist circumference; food consumption; diabetes mellitus; type 1; dyslipidemias; blood glucose.; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) is caused by partial or total destruction of the beta cells of islets of Langerhans, with a resulting deficiency in insulin production. Metabolic complications associated with type 1 diabetes results from chronic hyperglycemia and are mainly cardiovascular diseases, which begin in the first years after diagnosis, even in children and adolescents. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between nutritional and biochemical profiles in children and adolescents with DM1. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 54 patients treated at the Clinic of Endocrinology, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Goiás. Data collected were: socioeconomic-demographic (age, sex, education, income), food (dietetic habits, three 24-hour recalls); clinical (insulin), anthropometric (weight, height, skinfolds, waist circumference-CC), biochemical (casual glucose GLC and post-prandial GLPP, glycated hemoglobin HbA, lipid profile including triglycerides TG, total seric cholesterol CTs, low density lipoprotein LDL, very low density lipoprotein VLDL and high density lipoprotein HDL). Body fat was estimated using the equation developed specifically for people aged eight to 18 years. HbA was converted to an index (inHbA). Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS version 18.0. Were used descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov Smirnov (p> 0.05), Student t test (p <0.05), qui square (p<0,05) and Pearson correlation (p <0.05). Results: The average income per capita was R$ 263.8 ± 183.0 and insulin therapy was mostly composed of three doses a day (72,2%). Most individuals showed height (92.6%) and body mass index BMI (87%) appropriate for age. Those with adequate glycemic control had lower GLC (p = 0.002) and GLPP (p <0.001). Were identified correlations between inHbA and CC (p = 0.013), GLC (p = 0.014), GLPP (p <0.001), TG (p <0.001) and VLDL (p <0.001). The consumption of sugary products was mentioned by six per cent of the individuals. There was a higher adequacy of parameters wich measure lipid profile compared to those which evaluate glucose control: inHbA (64%); GLPP (18%), CTs (88%), LDL (92%), TG (76%) and HDL (84%). There was negative correlation between CTs and carbohydrate intake (r=- 0.324, p= 0.022) and positively with lipid (r= 0.315, p= 0.026), both after adjustment for total calories, indicating that individuals who consumed a diet with higher proportion of lipids and therefore with less carbohydrates, showed higher concentrations of CTs. Conclusion: Glicemic control is associated with CC, GLC, GLPP, TG and VLDL. The levels of CTs are directly associated with the consumption of lipids.