In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449 |
Resumo: | Aflatoxins are naturally occurring carcinogenic substances, extremely toxic to humans, which have been identified in wheat and wheat by-products. The use of reliable analytical methods to evaluate and monitor such contaminants is extremely important. This study aimed to in-house validate a methodology to determine aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat grains using pre-column derivatization and quantification by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Three methods were evaluated and the most suitable one was the method based on the extraction with chloroform, removal of interfering chemicals by filtration, liquid-liquid partition with hexane-methanol-water and methanol-water-chloroform and pre-column derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The method showed a Relative Standard Deviation lower than 15% and recovery values in the 70-110% range, with limits of detection and quantification (0.6 µg kg-1 and 1.2 µg kg-1, respectively) below the maximum level of aflatoxins allowed in wheat and wheat by-products by the European Commission (4.0 µg kg-1) and by the Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg kg-1). Using the validated method, aflatoxins were quantified in 20 commercial samples of wheat grains, wheat bran, whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour intended for direct human consumption. Six samples (30%) were positive for aflatoxins and all samples presented levels below the maximum limit stipulated by the Brazilian legislation. |
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In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-productsValidação intralaboratorial de metodologia para determinação de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 em trigo e produtos derivadosTriticum aestivum L.Aspergillusmycotoxinswheat branwhole wheat flour.Triticum aestivum L.Aspergillusmicotoxinasfarelo de trigofarinha de trigo integral.Aflatoxins are naturally occurring carcinogenic substances, extremely toxic to humans, which have been identified in wheat and wheat by-products. The use of reliable analytical methods to evaluate and monitor such contaminants is extremely important. This study aimed to in-house validate a methodology to determine aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat grains using pre-column derivatization and quantification by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Three methods were evaluated and the most suitable one was the method based on the extraction with chloroform, removal of interfering chemicals by filtration, liquid-liquid partition with hexane-methanol-water and methanol-water-chloroform and pre-column derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The method showed a Relative Standard Deviation lower than 15% and recovery values in the 70-110% range, with limits of detection and quantification (0.6 µg kg-1 and 1.2 µg kg-1, respectively) below the maximum level of aflatoxins allowed in wheat and wheat by-products by the European Commission (4.0 µg kg-1) and by the Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg kg-1). Using the validated method, aflatoxins were quantified in 20 commercial samples of wheat grains, wheat bran, whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour intended for direct human consumption. Six samples (30%) were positive for aflatoxins and all samples presented levels below the maximum limit stipulated by the Brazilian legislation.Aflatoxinas são substâncias carcinogênicas de ocorrência natural, extremamente tóxicas para humanos, que têm sido identificadas no trigo e em produtos derivados. O uso de métodos analíticos confiáveis para avaliar e monitorar tais contaminantes é de grande importância. Este trabalho objetivou validar, intralaboratorialmente, uma metodologia para a determinação de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2, em grãos de trigo, utilizando derivatização pré-coluna e quantificação por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com detecção por fluorescência (CLAE-DF). Três metodologias foram avaliadas e a que se adequou para tal propósito baseou-se na extração com clorofórmio, remoção dos interferentes por filtração, partição líquido-líquido com metanol-água-hexano e metanol-água-clorofórmio e derivatização pré-coluna com ácido trifluoracético. O método apresentou variação de repetibilidade inferior a 15% e recuperação na faixa de 70-110%, com limites de detecção e quantificação (0,6 µg kg-1 e 1,2 µg kg-1, respectivamente) inferiores ao nível máximo permitido pela Comissão Europeia (4,0 µg kg-1) e pela legislação brasileira (5,0 µg kg-1), para a presença de aflatoxinas em trigo e derivados. Por meio desta metodologia, foram quantificadas aflatoxinas em 20 amostras comerciais de grãos, farelo de trigo e farinha de trigo integral e refinada, destinadas ao consumo humano direto. Seis amostras (30%) foram positivas para aflatoxinas e todas apresentaram-se dentro do limite regulatório permitido pela legislação brasileira.Escola de Agronomia - Universidade Federal de Goiás2014-08-20info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionMétodo quantitativoapplication/pdfhttps://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical [Agricultural Research in the Tropics]; v. 44, n. 3, Jul./Sep. 2014; 255-262Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Agricultural Research in the Tropics); v. 44, n. 3, jul./set. 2014; 255-262Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical; v. 44, n. 3, jul./set. 2014; 255-2621983-4063reponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online)instname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)instacron:UFGenghttps://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449/16857Copyright (c) 2020 Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Agricultural Research in the Tropics)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTrombete, Felipe MachadoSantos, Thaís BarbosaDireito, Glória MariaFraga, Marcelo EliasSaldanha, Tatiana2020-07-10T16:33:41Zoai:ojs.revistas.ufg.br:article/25449Revistahttps://revistas.ufg.br/patPUBhttps://revistas.ufg.br/pat/oaiaseleguini.pat@gmail.com||mgoes@agro.ufg.br1983-40631517-6398opendoar:2024-05-21T19:56:03.379619Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) - Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products Validação intralaboratorial de metodologia para determinação de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 em trigo e produtos derivados |
title |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
spellingShingle |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products Trombete, Felipe Machado Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus mycotoxins wheat bran whole wheat flour. Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus micotoxinas farelo de trigo farinha de trigo integral. |
title_short |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
title_full |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
title_fullStr |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
title_full_unstemmed |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
title_sort |
In-house validation of a method for determining aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat and wheat by-products |
author |
Trombete, Felipe Machado |
author_facet |
Trombete, Felipe Machado Santos, Thaís Barbosa Direito, Glória Maria Fraga, Marcelo Elias Saldanha, Tatiana |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Santos, Thaís Barbosa Direito, Glória Maria Fraga, Marcelo Elias Saldanha, Tatiana |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Trombete, Felipe Machado Santos, Thaís Barbosa Direito, Glória Maria Fraga, Marcelo Elias Saldanha, Tatiana |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus mycotoxins wheat bran whole wheat flour. Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus micotoxinas farelo de trigo farinha de trigo integral. |
topic |
Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus mycotoxins wheat bran whole wheat flour. Triticum aestivum L. Aspergillus micotoxinas farelo de trigo farinha de trigo integral. |
description |
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring carcinogenic substances, extremely toxic to humans, which have been identified in wheat and wheat by-products. The use of reliable analytical methods to evaluate and monitor such contaminants is extremely important. This study aimed to in-house validate a methodology to determine aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in wheat grains using pre-column derivatization and quantification by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Three methods were evaluated and the most suitable one was the method based on the extraction with chloroform, removal of interfering chemicals by filtration, liquid-liquid partition with hexane-methanol-water and methanol-water-chloroform and pre-column derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The method showed a Relative Standard Deviation lower than 15% and recovery values in the 70-110% range, with limits of detection and quantification (0.6 µg kg-1 and 1.2 µg kg-1, respectively) below the maximum level of aflatoxins allowed in wheat and wheat by-products by the European Commission (4.0 µg kg-1) and by the Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg kg-1). Using the validated method, aflatoxins were quantified in 20 commercial samples of wheat grains, wheat bran, whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour intended for direct human consumption. Six samples (30%) were positive for aflatoxins and all samples presented levels below the maximum limit stipulated by the Brazilian legislation. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-08-20 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Método quantitativo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449 |
url |
https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/25449/16857 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Agricultural Research in the Tropics) info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Agricultural Research in the Tropics) |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Escola de Agronomia - Universidade Federal de Goiás |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Escola de Agronomia - Universidade Federal de Goiás |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical [Agricultural Research in the Tropics]; v. 44, n. 3, Jul./Sep. 2014; 255-262 Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Agricultural Research in the Tropics); v. 44, n. 3, jul./set. 2014; 255-262 Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical; v. 44, n. 3, jul./set. 2014; 255-262 1983-4063 reponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) instname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) instacron:UFG |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) |
instacron_str |
UFG |
institution |
UFG |
reponame_str |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) |
collection |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online) - Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
aseleguini.pat@gmail.com||mgoes@agro.ufg.br |
_version_ |
1799874818747662336 |