Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040700 http://hdl.handle.net/1843/55301 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-9454 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-6550 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-9777 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-9042 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-0106 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-6243 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-2280 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-5886 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-7768 |
Resumo: | The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions worldwide, leaving a global burden for long-term care of COVID-19 survivors. It is thus imperative to study post-COVID (i.e., short-term) and long-COVID (i.e., long-term) effects, specifically as local and systemic pathophysiological outcomes of other coronavirus-related diseases (such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)) were well-cataloged. We conducted a comprehensive review of adverse post-COVID health outcomes and potential long-COVID effects. We observed that such adverse outcomes were not localized. Rather, they affected different human systems, including: (i) immune system (e.g., Guillain–Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndromes such as Kawasaki disease), (ii) hematological system (vascular hemostasis, blood coagulation), (iii) pulmonary system (respiratory failure, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pulmonary vascular damage, pulmonary fibrosis), (iv) cardiovascular system (myocardial hypertrophy, coronary artery atherosclerosis, focal myocardial fibrosis, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy), (v) gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal systems (diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, acid reflux, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lack of appetite/constipation), (vi) skeletomuscular system (immune-mediated skin diseases, psoriasis, lupus), (vii) nervous system (loss of taste/smell/hearing, headaches, spasms, convulsions, confusion, visual impairment, nerve pain, dizziness, impaired consciousness, nausea/vomiting, hemiplegia, ataxia, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage), (viii) mental health (stress, depression and anxiety). We additionally hypothesized mechanisms of action by investigating possible molecular mechanisms associated with these disease outcomes/symptoms. Overall, the COVID-19 pathology is still characterized by cytokine storm that results to endothelial inflammation, microvascular thrombosis, and multiple organ failures. |
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2023-06-23T22:44:24Z2023-06-23T22:44:24Z2021134https://doi.org/10.3390/v130407001999-4915http://hdl.handle.net/1843/55301https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-9454https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-6550https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-9777https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-9042https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-0106https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-6243https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-2280https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-5886https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-7768The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions worldwide, leaving a global burden for long-term care of COVID-19 survivors. It is thus imperative to study post-COVID (i.e., short-term) and long-COVID (i.e., long-term) effects, specifically as local and systemic pathophysiological outcomes of other coronavirus-related diseases (such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)) were well-cataloged. We conducted a comprehensive review of adverse post-COVID health outcomes and potential long-COVID effects. We observed that such adverse outcomes were not localized. Rather, they affected different human systems, including: (i) immune system (e.g., Guillain–Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndromes such as Kawasaki disease), (ii) hematological system (vascular hemostasis, blood coagulation), (iii) pulmonary system (respiratory failure, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pulmonary vascular damage, pulmonary fibrosis), (iv) cardiovascular system (myocardial hypertrophy, coronary artery atherosclerosis, focal myocardial fibrosis, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy), (v) gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal systems (diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, acid reflux, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lack of appetite/constipation), (vi) skeletomuscular system (immune-mediated skin diseases, psoriasis, lupus), (vii) nervous system (loss of taste/smell/hearing, headaches, spasms, convulsions, confusion, visual impairment, nerve pain, dizziness, impaired consciousness, nausea/vomiting, hemiplegia, ataxia, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage), (viii) mental health (stress, depression and anxiety). We additionally hypothesized mechanisms of action by investigating possible molecular mechanisms associated with these disease outcomes/symptoms. Overall, the COVID-19 pathology is still characterized by cytokine storm that results to endothelial inflammation, microvascular thrombosis, and multiple organ failures.A pandemia do COVID-19 infectou milhões em todo o mundo, deixando um fardo global para o cuidado de longo prazo dos sobreviventes do COVID-19. Portanto, é imperativo estudar os efeitos pós-COVID (ou seja, de curto prazo) e de longo prazo, especificamente como resultados fisiopatológicos locais e sistêmicos de outras doenças relacionadas ao coronavírus (como a Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio ( MERS) e Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SARS)) foram bem catalogados. Conduzimos uma revisão abrangente dos resultados adversos de saúde pós-COVID e dos possíveis efeitos prolongados do COVID. Observamos que tais desfechos adversos não foram localizados. Em vez disso, eles afetaram diferentes sistemas humanos, incluindo: (i) sistema imunológico (por exemplo, síndrome de Guillain-Barré, artrite reumatóide, síndromes multissistêmicas inflamatórias pediátricas, como a doença de Kawasaki), (ii) sistema hematológico (hemostasia vascular, coagulação sanguínea), ( iii) sistema pulmonar (insuficiência respiratória, tromboembolismo pulmonar, embolia pulmonar, pneumonia, dano vascular pulmonar, fibrose pulmonar), (iv) sistema cardiovascular (hipertrofia miocárdica, aterosclerose da artéria coronária, fibrose miocárdica focal, infarto agudo do miocárdio, hipertrofia cardíaca), ( v) sistemas gastrointestinal, hepático e renal (diarréia, náusea/vômito, dor abdominal, anorexia, refluxo ácido, hemorragia gastrointestinal, falta de apetite/prisão de ventre), (vi) sistema esquelético-muscular (doenças cutâneas imunomediadas, psoríase, lúpus) , (vii) sistema nervoso (perda de paladar/olfato/audição, dores de cabeça, espasmos, convulsões, confusão, deficiência visual, dor nos nervos, tontura, consciência prejudicada, náusea/vômito, hemiplegia, ataxia, acidente vascular cerebral, hemorragia cerebral), (viii ) saúde mental (estresse, depressão e ansiedade). Além disso, hipotetizamos os mecanismos de ação, investigando possíveis mecanismos moleculares associados a esses resultados/sintomas da doença. No geral, a patologia COVID-19 ainda é caracterizada por tempestade de citocinas que resulta em inflamação endotelial, trombose microvascular e falência de múltiplos órgãos.engUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGIAVirusesCOVID-19 - fisiopatologiaCOVID-19Efeitos colaterais e reações adversas relacionados a medicamentosPathophysiologyAdverse effectsSystemic effectsCOVID-19Molecular mechanismLong-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanismsComplicações de saúde prolongadas e pós-COVID: uma revisão atualizada sobre condições clínicas e seus possíveis mecanismos molecularesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/700Bruno Silva AndradeSérgio SiqueiraWagner Rodrigues de Assis SoaresFernanda de Souza RangelNaiane Oliveira SantosAndria Dos Santos FreitasPriscila Ribeiro da SilveiraSandeep TiwariKhalid j AlzahraniAristóteles Góes-NetoVasco Ariston de Carvalho AzevedoPreentam GhoshDebmalya Barhapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/55301/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALLong-COVID and Post-COVID Health Complications_ An Up-to-Date Review on Clinical Conditions and Their Possible Molecular Mechanisms.pdfLong-COVID and Post-COVID Health Complications_ An Up-to-Date Review on Clinical Conditions and Their Possible Molecular Mechanisms.pdfapplication/pdf524955https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/55301/2/Long-COVID%20and%20Post-COVID%20Health%20Complications_%20An%20Up-to-Date%20Review%20on%20Clinical%20Conditions%20and%20Their%20Possible%20Molecular%20Mechanisms.pdfa171ed105422a09a255eaf358652e9f8MD521843/553012023-06-23 19:44:25.575oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-06-23T22:44:25Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Complicações de saúde prolongadas e pós-COVID: uma revisão atualizada sobre condições clínicas e seus possíveis mecanismos moleculares |
title |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
spellingShingle |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms Bruno Silva Andrade Pathophysiology Adverse effects Systemic effects COVID-19 Molecular mechanism COVID-19 - fisiopatologia COVID-19 Efeitos colaterais e reações adversas relacionados a medicamentos |
title_short |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
title_full |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
title_fullStr |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
title_sort |
Long-COVID and Post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms |
author |
Bruno Silva Andrade |
author_facet |
Bruno Silva Andrade Sérgio Siqueira Wagner Rodrigues de Assis Soares Fernanda de Souza Rangel Naiane Oliveira Santos Andria Dos Santos Freitas Priscila Ribeiro da Silveira Sandeep Tiwari Khalid j Alzahrani Aristóteles Góes-Neto Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Preentam Ghosh Debmalya Barh |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Sérgio Siqueira Wagner Rodrigues de Assis Soares Fernanda de Souza Rangel Naiane Oliveira Santos Andria Dos Santos Freitas Priscila Ribeiro da Silveira Sandeep Tiwari Khalid j Alzahrani Aristóteles Góes-Neto Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Preentam Ghosh Debmalya Barh |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bruno Silva Andrade Sérgio Siqueira Wagner Rodrigues de Assis Soares Fernanda de Souza Rangel Naiane Oliveira Santos Andria Dos Santos Freitas Priscila Ribeiro da Silveira Sandeep Tiwari Khalid j Alzahrani Aristóteles Góes-Neto Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Preentam Ghosh Debmalya Barh |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Pathophysiology Adverse effects Systemic effects COVID-19 Molecular mechanism |
topic |
Pathophysiology Adverse effects Systemic effects COVID-19 Molecular mechanism COVID-19 - fisiopatologia COVID-19 Efeitos colaterais e reações adversas relacionados a medicamentos |
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
COVID-19 - fisiopatologia COVID-19 Efeitos colaterais e reações adversas relacionados a medicamentos |
description |
The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions worldwide, leaving a global burden for long-term care of COVID-19 survivors. It is thus imperative to study post-COVID (i.e., short-term) and long-COVID (i.e., long-term) effects, specifically as local and systemic pathophysiological outcomes of other coronavirus-related diseases (such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)) were well-cataloged. We conducted a comprehensive review of adverse post-COVID health outcomes and potential long-COVID effects. We observed that such adverse outcomes were not localized. Rather, they affected different human systems, including: (i) immune system (e.g., Guillain–Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndromes such as Kawasaki disease), (ii) hematological system (vascular hemostasis, blood coagulation), (iii) pulmonary system (respiratory failure, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pulmonary vascular damage, pulmonary fibrosis), (iv) cardiovascular system (myocardial hypertrophy, coronary artery atherosclerosis, focal myocardial fibrosis, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy), (v) gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal systems (diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, acid reflux, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lack of appetite/constipation), (vi) skeletomuscular system (immune-mediated skin diseases, psoriasis, lupus), (vii) nervous system (loss of taste/smell/hearing, headaches, spasms, convulsions, confusion, visual impairment, nerve pain, dizziness, impaired consciousness, nausea/vomiting, hemiplegia, ataxia, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage), (viii) mental health (stress, depression and anxiety). We additionally hypothesized mechanisms of action by investigating possible molecular mechanisms associated with these disease outcomes/symptoms. Overall, the COVID-19 pathology is still characterized by cytokine storm that results to endothelial inflammation, microvascular thrombosis, and multiple organ failures. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-06-23T22:44:24Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-06-23T22:44:24Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/55301 |
dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040700 |
dc.identifier.issn.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
1999-4915 |
dc.identifier.orcid.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-9454 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-6550 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-9777 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-9042 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-0106 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-6243 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-2280 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-5886 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-7768 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040700 http://hdl.handle.net/1843/55301 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-9454 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-6550 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-9777 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-9042 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-0106 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-6243 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-2280 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-5886 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-7768 |
identifier_str_mv |
1999-4915 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
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eng |
dc.relation.ispartof.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Viruses |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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UFMG |
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Brasil |
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ICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGIA |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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