O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11374 |
Resumo: | At the turn of the 18th century the instrument we now know as piano, the invention of Bartolomeo Cristofori, an employee of the Medici court, emerged in Florence. In 1709 the writer Scipione Maffei interviewed him for an article about his invention, which was published two years later in an Italian journal, and in 1725 was translated into German, initiating the process of popularization of the instrument. By the end of the century, the piano would have taken the place of the harpsichord as the most versatile and most widely used keyboard instrument outside the ecclesiastical environment. To a great extent, its popularization was due to its main characteristic, the possibility of dynamic control directly by the touch of the keys, quality that radically distinguished it from the other two great keyboards of the time, the harpsichord and the organ, both much older instruments and full of expressive possibilities, but which did not offer dynamic differentiation by touch. From the observation of the musical aesthetics, the characteristics of the visual arts and the thought of the Baroque period, in addition to the collection of accounts of historical characters, this research brings together elements that point to the same conclusion: the creation of a touch sensitive keyboard instrument of great proportions was the result of the need to fill an expressive gap in the keyboard family in the 17th century, which did not have an instrument with such characteristics and, therefore, had no means to fully realize the ideal of instrumental music of then, the imitation of singing. The specialized literature does not deal clearly or in depth with the implications of the new expressive possibilities of Cristofori's invention, hence the validity of this research, in the sense of relating them to the aesthetics of the period and the mimesis of vocal expression. Our method was based on the following tripod: the collection of documentary information directly related to the emergence of the fortepiano and/or Cristofori and his environment, the investigation of a varied literature that allowed us to understand both specific aspects and the broader context related to the object of study, and the search for evidence in the transposition of the aesthetic thought of the period to eighteenth-century keyboard music, which we consider as one of the results of the aesthetic search for instrumental music that has happened since the beginning of the previous century, as well as the very emergence of the piano. For our conclusions, it was fundamental to observe Maffei's article based on the considerations of Laura Och (1986) about a probable indirect and uncredited participation of Cristofori as author of excerpts from the article, especially with regard to the description of the mechanism of his new instrument. As a significant part of the contribution of this research, we present a translation of Maffei's article on the invention of Cristofori, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one in Portuguese. |
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O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIIIPianoFortepianoBartolomeo CristoforiScipione MaffeiMúsica InstrumentalMúsica VocalEstética MusicalInterpretação MusicalBarrocoClassicismoPianoFortepianoBartolomeo CristoforiScipione MaffeiInstrumental MusicVocal MusicMusical AestheticsMusical InterpretationBaroqueClassicismCNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::ARTES::MUSICAAt the turn of the 18th century the instrument we now know as piano, the invention of Bartolomeo Cristofori, an employee of the Medici court, emerged in Florence. In 1709 the writer Scipione Maffei interviewed him for an article about his invention, which was published two years later in an Italian journal, and in 1725 was translated into German, initiating the process of popularization of the instrument. By the end of the century, the piano would have taken the place of the harpsichord as the most versatile and most widely used keyboard instrument outside the ecclesiastical environment. To a great extent, its popularization was due to its main characteristic, the possibility of dynamic control directly by the touch of the keys, quality that radically distinguished it from the other two great keyboards of the time, the harpsichord and the organ, both much older instruments and full of expressive possibilities, but which did not offer dynamic differentiation by touch. From the observation of the musical aesthetics, the characteristics of the visual arts and the thought of the Baroque period, in addition to the collection of accounts of historical characters, this research brings together elements that point to the same conclusion: the creation of a touch sensitive keyboard instrument of great proportions was the result of the need to fill an expressive gap in the keyboard family in the 17th century, which did not have an instrument with such characteristics and, therefore, had no means to fully realize the ideal of instrumental music of then, the imitation of singing. The specialized literature does not deal clearly or in depth with the implications of the new expressive possibilities of Cristofori's invention, hence the validity of this research, in the sense of relating them to the aesthetics of the period and the mimesis of vocal expression. Our method was based on the following tripod: the collection of documentary information directly related to the emergence of the fortepiano and/or Cristofori and his environment, the investigation of a varied literature that allowed us to understand both specific aspects and the broader context related to the object of study, and the search for evidence in the transposition of the aesthetic thought of the period to eighteenth-century keyboard music, which we consider as one of the results of the aesthetic search for instrumental music that has happened since the beginning of the previous century, as well as the very emergence of the piano. For our conclusions, it was fundamental to observe Maffei's article based on the considerations of Laura Och (1986) about a probable indirect and uncredited participation of Cristofori as author of excerpts from the article, especially with regard to the description of the mechanism of his new instrument. As a significant part of the contribution of this research, we present a translation of Maffei's article on the invention of Cristofori, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one in Portuguese.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESNa virada para o século XVIII surgiu em Florença o instrumento que hoje conhecemos como piano, invenção de Bartolomeo Cristofori, empregado da corte dos Medici. Em 1709 o escritor Scipione Maffei o entrevistou para um artigo sobre sua invenção, o qual foi publicado dois anos depois em um periódico italiano, e em 1725 foi traduzido para o alemão, iniciando o processo de popularização do instrumento. Antes do final do século, o piano já teria ocupado o lugar do cravo como o instrumento de teclado mais versátil e mais utilizado fora do ambiente eclesiástico. Em grande parte, sua popularização se deveu à sua principal característica, a possibilidade de controle dinâmico diretamente pelo toque das teclas, qualidade que o distinguia radicalmente dos outros dois grandes teclados de então, o cravo e o órgão, ambos instrumentos muito mais antigos e repletos de possibilidades expressivas, mas que não ofereciam diferenciação dinâmica pelo toque. A partir da observação da estética musical, de características das artes visuais e do pensamento do período Barroco, além da coleção de relatos de personagens históricos, esta pesquisa reúne elementos que apontam para uma mesma conclusão: a criação de um instrumento de teclas de grandes proporções que oferecesse controle dinâmico pelo toque foi resultado da necessidade de preenchimento de uma lacuna expressiva na família dos teclados no século XVII, a qual não possuía um instrumento com tais características e que, portanto, não tinha meios de realização plena do ideal da música instrumental de então, a imitação do canto. A literatura especializada não trata de maneira clara ou aprofundada das implicações das novas possibilidades expressivas da invenção de Cristofori, daí a validade dessa pesquisa, no sentido de relacioná-las à estética do período e à mimese da expressão vocal. Nosso método apoiou-se no seguinte tripé: o levantamento de informações documentais diretamente relacionadas ao surgimento do fortepiano e/ou a Cristofori e seu ambiente, a investigação de uma literatura variada que nos possibilitou compreender ao mesmo tempo aspectos específicos e o contexto mais amplo relacionados ao objeto de estudo, e a busca por indícios da transposição do pensamento estético do período para a música tecladística do século XVIII, a qual consideramos como um dos frutos da busca estética da música instrumental que aconteceu desde princípios do século anterior, assim como o próprio surgimento do piano. Para nossas conclusões, foi fundamental a observação do artigo de Maffei a partir das considerações de Laura Och (1986) sobre uma provável participação indireta e não creditada de Cristofori como autor de trechos do artigo, especialmente no que se refere à descrição do mecanismo de seu novo instrumento. Como parte significativa da contribuição dessa pesquisa, apresentamos uma tradução do artigo de Maffei sobre a invenção de Cristofori, a qual, até o limite de nosso conhecimento, é a primeira para língua portuguesa.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilMúsicaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em MúsicaUFPBMartins, José Henriquehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8297766321235339Biancolino, Ticiano2018-08-22T20:58:35Z2018-08-222018-08-22T20:58:35Z2017-07-21info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11374porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2018-09-06T00:50:50Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/11374Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2018-09-06T00:50:50Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
title |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
spellingShingle |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII Biancolino, Ticiano Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Música Instrumental Música Vocal Estética Musical Interpretação Musical Barroco Classicismo Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Instrumental Music Vocal Music Musical Aesthetics Musical Interpretation Baroque Classicism CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::ARTES::MUSICA |
title_short |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
title_full |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
title_fullStr |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
title_full_unstemmed |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
title_sort |
O piano cantor: a evocação da vocalidade na origem do instrumento e no repertório para teclas do século XVIII |
author |
Biancolino, Ticiano |
author_facet |
Biancolino, Ticiano |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Martins, José Henrique http://lattes.cnpq.br/8297766321235339 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Biancolino, Ticiano |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Música Instrumental Música Vocal Estética Musical Interpretação Musical Barroco Classicismo Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Instrumental Music Vocal Music Musical Aesthetics Musical Interpretation Baroque Classicism CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::ARTES::MUSICA |
topic |
Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Música Instrumental Música Vocal Estética Musical Interpretação Musical Barroco Classicismo Piano Fortepiano Bartolomeo Cristofori Scipione Maffei Instrumental Music Vocal Music Musical Aesthetics Musical Interpretation Baroque Classicism CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::ARTES::MUSICA |
description |
At the turn of the 18th century the instrument we now know as piano, the invention of Bartolomeo Cristofori, an employee of the Medici court, emerged in Florence. In 1709 the writer Scipione Maffei interviewed him for an article about his invention, which was published two years later in an Italian journal, and in 1725 was translated into German, initiating the process of popularization of the instrument. By the end of the century, the piano would have taken the place of the harpsichord as the most versatile and most widely used keyboard instrument outside the ecclesiastical environment. To a great extent, its popularization was due to its main characteristic, the possibility of dynamic control directly by the touch of the keys, quality that radically distinguished it from the other two great keyboards of the time, the harpsichord and the organ, both much older instruments and full of expressive possibilities, but which did not offer dynamic differentiation by touch. From the observation of the musical aesthetics, the characteristics of the visual arts and the thought of the Baroque period, in addition to the collection of accounts of historical characters, this research brings together elements that point to the same conclusion: the creation of a touch sensitive keyboard instrument of great proportions was the result of the need to fill an expressive gap in the keyboard family in the 17th century, which did not have an instrument with such characteristics and, therefore, had no means to fully realize the ideal of instrumental music of then, the imitation of singing. The specialized literature does not deal clearly or in depth with the implications of the new expressive possibilities of Cristofori's invention, hence the validity of this research, in the sense of relating them to the aesthetics of the period and the mimesis of vocal expression. Our method was based on the following tripod: the collection of documentary information directly related to the emergence of the fortepiano and/or Cristofori and his environment, the investigation of a varied literature that allowed us to understand both specific aspects and the broader context related to the object of study, and the search for evidence in the transposition of the aesthetic thought of the period to eighteenth-century keyboard music, which we consider as one of the results of the aesthetic search for instrumental music that has happened since the beginning of the previous century, as well as the very emergence of the piano. For our conclusions, it was fundamental to observe Maffei's article based on the considerations of Laura Och (1986) about a probable indirect and uncredited participation of Cristofori as author of excerpts from the article, especially with regard to the description of the mechanism of his new instrument. As a significant part of the contribution of this research, we present a translation of Maffei's article on the invention of Cristofori, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one in Portuguese. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-21 2018-08-22T20:58:35Z 2018-08-22 2018-08-22T20:58:35Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
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https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11374 |
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https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11374 |
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por |
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por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Música Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Música Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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1801842930794627072 |