Avalia??o fitot?cnica de gen?tipos de bananeira (Musa spp. L.) em sistemas org?nicos de produ??o

• Autor(a) principal: Marques, Marden Manuel Rodrigues
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3191
• topic: Banana; Gen?tipos de bananeiras; Sistema org?nico de produ??o; Genotypes of banana; Organic production system.; Agronomia

The banana the most marketed and consumed fruit in the state of Rio de Janeiro. However, 97 % of bananas sold in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2012 were produced in other Brazilian states. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the development and production of several banana genotypes (Musa spp. L.) under organic production. It was conducted between December 2010 and August 2012, in the municipality of Paty do Alferes/RJ in the Experimental Station of PESAGRO. We have used two experimental modules installed in two blocks, one grown in polyculture, using three genotypes of banana, such as: 'Japira' and 'Vitoria' subgroup 'Prata' and ?Tropical' of the cultivar 'Ma?a'. The other block was monoculture , using six genotypes : 'Japira', 'Vit?ria' and 'Ken Pacovan' subgroup 'Prata', 'Fhia 02' subgroup 'Cavendish', 'Tropical' and 'BRS Princesa' of the cultivar ?Ma?a'. The phenotypic descriptors of production and post ? harvest were statistically analyzed. In the first phase (from planting to flowering) we have evaluated for vegetative traits: plant height, pseudostem girth, number of leaves in the inflorescence, number of tillers in the inflorescence and the number of days between planting and inflorescence. In the second phase (flowering to harvest) we have evaluated for vegetative characteristics and production: number of days between the inflorescence and harvest cycle of the plant, number of leaves in the crop, number of tillers at harvest, bunch weight, number of hands, number of fruits, weight of bunch, fruit mass, mass of stem circumference of the fruit, fruit length and yield. In the third phase (post -harvest), we have evaluated the following characteristics: mass shell, shell color, shell thickness, pulp mass, flesh color, total soluble solids, pulp pH, titratable acidity, ratio levels of soluble solids and titratable acidity and palatability. Comparisons were performed among the six genotypes conducted in monoculture. Among these, in the vegetative stage, the analysis of variance was statistically significant for plant height and pseudostem circumference. During the production phase, the analysis of variance was significant for the following variables: number of leaves in the crop, bunch weight, number of hands, number of fruits, weight of bunch, fruit mass, mass of stems, fruit length and yield. At the post -harvest, analysis of variance was significant for shell thickness, mass of pulp, pulp pH, titratable acidity, and flavor. Among the three cultivars conducted in polyculture vegetative stage, analysis of variance was statistically significant for plant height and pseudostem circumference. During the production phase, the analysis of variance was significant to: the cycle of the plant, number of leaves in the crop, number of tillers at harvest, number of fruits, fruit length and circumference of the fruit. At the post-harvest analysis of variance was significant for: mass shell, shell thickness, soluble solids, titratable acidity and total soluble solids and titratable acidity. This work concludes that the six cultivars in monoculture showed promising characteristics of organic production in the county of Paty do Alferes. In the polyculture systems, the results were satisfactory and it can also be concluded that the three cultivars observed are promising option for cultivation.