Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima
Data de Publicação: 2020
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5720
Resumo: An alternative to the Conventional Tillage (CT) for promoting higher conservation of agricultural soils is the adoption of No-tillage (NT). In this context, cover crops are fundamental in the production of straw and release nutrients in the soil, directly influencing microbial populations. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the bacterial diversity in soils under CT and NT with different cover plants in an organic production unit in the municipality of Serop?dica-RJ, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with two plots (CT and NT) with four replications. The black oat was sown in the total area. When the cut point was reached, the black oat was incorporated or maintained on the soil surface. Then, the corn was sown in all plots. The soil was collected in the initial time, after the black oat and after corn harvesting in a depth of 0-5 cm. Experiment II was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 6) with subdivided plots, with 2 plots of CT and NT, 6 subplots with cover plants (pearl millet, sunn hemp, jack beans, cocktail 1 and cocktail 2, using 100 and 50 % of the recommended amount for each species, respectively, and spontaneous plants), with 4 repetitions. The soil was collected after the cultivation of cover plants at a depth of 0-5 cm. Chemical characterization and extraction of total soil DNA were carried out for the sequencing of the Bacteria rrs gene. In experiment I, between the initial characterization and the corn crops in CT and NT, an increase in the phosphorus content and a decrease in carbon, an increase in the alpha-diversity indexes and a change in the bacterial composition was observed, mainly in relation to the candidate for division WPS-1, which had an increased relative abundance, and the Micrococcaceae family, which showed a decrease in its relative abundance after conversion to the agricultural area. After corn, potassium was higher in CT, and Spartobacteria unclassified and Chitinophagaceae were more abundant than in NT. In experiment II, the cultivation of different cover crops did not promote changes in the soil's chemical attributes. The cultivation of spontaneous plants supported a higher bacterial alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp. Jack beans and cocktails 1 and 2 promoted a higher relative abundance of the Sphingomonadaceae and Bradyrhyzobiacae families. At the same time, spontaneous plants resulted in a higher relative abundance of unclassified bacteria and the Planctomycetaceae family. Therefore, the conversion from pasture area to agricultural production area led to an increase in diversity and alteration in the structure of the soil bacterial community. There was no difference in the alpha-diversity indexes between CT and NT, but the structure of the bacterial community was altered. Different cover plants promoted differences in the structure of the bacterial community, and spontaneous plants promoted a higher alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp.
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spelling Coelho, Irene da Silva044.355.796-93Zonta, Everaldo585.444.029-68Coelho, Irene da SilvaCoelho, Marcia Reed RouwsSchultz, Nivaldo346.373.138-05https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-0472http://lattes.cnpq.br/2232142901960029Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima2022-05-31T19:11:25Z2020-04-17SANT'ANNA, Gustavo Souza Lima. Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica. 2020. 60 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2020.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5720An alternative to the Conventional Tillage (CT) for promoting higher conservation of agricultural soils is the adoption of No-tillage (NT). In this context, cover crops are fundamental in the production of straw and release nutrients in the soil, directly influencing microbial populations. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the bacterial diversity in soils under CT and NT with different cover plants in an organic production unit in the municipality of Serop?dica-RJ, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with two plots (CT and NT) with four replications. The black oat was sown in the total area. When the cut point was reached, the black oat was incorporated or maintained on the soil surface. Then, the corn was sown in all plots. The soil was collected in the initial time, after the black oat and after corn harvesting in a depth of 0-5 cm. Experiment II was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 6) with subdivided plots, with 2 plots of CT and NT, 6 subplots with cover plants (pearl millet, sunn hemp, jack beans, cocktail 1 and cocktail 2, using 100 and 50 % of the recommended amount for each species, respectively, and spontaneous plants), with 4 repetitions. The soil was collected after the cultivation of cover plants at a depth of 0-5 cm. Chemical characterization and extraction of total soil DNA were carried out for the sequencing of the Bacteria rrs gene. In experiment I, between the initial characterization and the corn crops in CT and NT, an increase in the phosphorus content and a decrease in carbon, an increase in the alpha-diversity indexes and a change in the bacterial composition was observed, mainly in relation to the candidate for division WPS-1, which had an increased relative abundance, and the Micrococcaceae family, which showed a decrease in its relative abundance after conversion to the agricultural area. After corn, potassium was higher in CT, and Spartobacteria unclassified and Chitinophagaceae were more abundant than in NT. In experiment II, the cultivation of different cover crops did not promote changes in the soil's chemical attributes. The cultivation of spontaneous plants supported a higher bacterial alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp. Jack beans and cocktails 1 and 2 promoted a higher relative abundance of the Sphingomonadaceae and Bradyrhyzobiacae families. At the same time, spontaneous plants resulted in a higher relative abundance of unclassified bacteria and the Planctomycetaceae family. Therefore, the conversion from pasture area to agricultural production area led to an increase in diversity and alteration in the structure of the soil bacterial community. There was no difference in the alpha-diversity indexes between CT and NT, but the structure of the bacterial community was altered. Different cover plants promoted differences in the structure of the bacterial community, and spontaneous plants promoted a higher alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp.O Sistema Plantio Direto (SPD) tem sido adotado como alternativa ao Sistema Plantio Convencional (SPC) por promover maior conserva??o dos solos agr?colas. Nesse contexto, as plantas de cobertura s?o fundamentais na produ??o da palhada e na libera??o de nutrientes no solo, o que influencia diretamente as popula??es microbianas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade bacteriana de solos sob SPC e SPD com diferentes plantas de cobertura em uma unidade de produ??o org?nica no munic?pio de Serop?dica-RJ. O experimento I foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos casualizados com 2 parcelas (SPC e SPD) com 4 repeti??es. Foi feita a semeadura a lan?o da aveia preta em ?rea total e atingido o ponto de corte, a aveia foi incorporada ou mantida na superf?cie do solo. Em seguida foi semeado o milho em todas as parcelas. As coletas de solos foram realizadas no tempo inicial, ap?s o cultivo da aveia preta e ap?s a colheita do milho na profundidade de 0-5 cm. O experimento II foi conduzido sequencialmente em delineamento fatorial (2 x 6) com parcelas subdivididas, com 2 parcelas de SPC e SPD, 6 subparcelas com as plantas de cobertura milheto, crotal?ria, feij?o de porco, coquetel 1 e coquetel 2, utilizando 100 e 50% da quantidade sementes recomendadas para cada esp?cie, respectivamente, e plantas espont?neas, com 4 repeti??es. A coleta de solos foi realizada ap?s o cultivo das plantas de cobertura na profundidade de 0-5 cm. Foi realizada a caracteriza??o qu?mica e a extra??o do DNA total do solo para o sequenciamento do gene rrs de Bacteria. No experimento I, entre a caracteriza??o inicial e os cultivos de milho em SPC e SPD, foi observado aumento no teor de f?sforo e diminui??o de carbono, aumento dos ?ndices de alfa-diversidade e altera??o na composi??o bacteriana, principalmente com rela??o ao candidato ? divis?o WPS-1 que teve abund?ncia relativa aumentada e a fam?lia Micrococcaceae que apresentou queda em sua abund?ncia relativa ap?s a convers?o para ?rea agr?cola. Ap?s o cultivo de milho, o pot?ssio foi maior no SPC e as fam?lias n?o classificadas da classe Spartobacteria e Chitinophagaceae foram mais abundantes no SPD. No experimento II, o cultivo de diferentes plantas de cobertura n?o promoveu altera??es nos atributos qu?micos do solo. O cultivo das plantas espont?neas promoveu aumento dos ?ndices alfa-diversidade bacteriana em rela??o ? crotal?ria. Feij?o de porco e os coquet?is 1 e 2 promoveram maior abund?ncia relativa das fam?lias Sphingomonadaceae e Bradyrhyzobiacae, enquanto as plantas espont?neas resultaram em maior abund?ncia relativa de bact?rias n?o classificadas e da fam?lia Planctomycetaceae. Portanto, a convers?o de ?rea de pastagem para ?rea de produ??o agr?cola levou ao aumento da diversidade e altera??o na estrutura da comunidade bacteriana dos solos. N?o houve diferen?a nos ?ndices de alfa-diversidade entre o SPC e o SPD, por?m a estrutura da comunidade bacteriana foi alterada. A utiliza??o de diferentes plantas de cobertura promoveu diferen?as na estrutura da comunidade bacteriana e o cultivo das plantas espont?neas promoveu maior ?ndice de alfa-diversidade em rela??o ? crotal?ria.Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2022-05-31T19:11:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Gustavo Souza Lima Sant'Anna.pdf: 1131065 bytes, checksum: 2be7d96a46d976540a754af6fa269047 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-31T19:11:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Gustavo Souza Lima Sant'Anna.pdf: 1131065 bytes, checksum: 2be7d96a46d976540a754af6fa269047 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-04-17CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel SuperiorCNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gicoFAPERJ - Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? 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R.; JOHNSON, C. N.; PATEL, N. B.; COTTA, M. A.; MOORE, E. R. B.; LAWSON, P. A. Savagea faecisuis gen. nov., sp. nov., a tylosinand tetracycline-resistant bacterium isolated from a swine-manure storage pit. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, v. 108, p. 151-161. 2015. WILLER, H.; SCHLATTER, B.; TR?VN??EK, J.; KEMPER L.; LERNOUD J. The world of organic agriculture: statistics and emerging trends. Bonn: Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL); IFOAM ? Organics International, 2020. YEOMANS, J. C.; BREMNER, J. M. A rapid and precise method for routine determination of organic carbon in soil. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, v. 19, n. 13, p. 1467-1476, 1988. YIN, C.; MUETH, N.; HULBERT, S.; SCHLATTER, D.; PAULITZ, T. C.; SCHROEDER, K.; PRESCOTT A.; DHINGRA, A. Bacterial Communities on Wheat Grown Under Long- Term Conventional Tillage and No-Till in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Phytobiomes, v. 1, n. 2, p. 83-90, 2017. YOUNG, I. M.; RITZ, K. Tillage, habitat space and function of soil microbes. Soil and Tillage Research, v. 53, n. 3-4, p. 201-213, 2000. YU, Z.; WANG, G.; JIN, J.; LIU, J.; LIU, X. Soil microbial communities are affected more by land use than seasonal variation in restored grassland and cultivated Mollisols in Northeast China. European Journal of Soil Biology, v. 47, n. 6, p. 357-363, 2011. ZAK, D. R., HOLMES, W. E., WHITE, D. C., PEACOCK, A. D., TILMAN, D. Plant diversity, soil microbial communities, and ecosystem function: are there any links? Ecology, v. 84, p. 2042-2050, 2003. ZHOU, Y.; ZHU, H.; YAO, Q. Improving soil fertility and soil functioning in cover cropped agroecosystems with symbiotic microbes. In: Agro-Environmental Sustainability. Springer, Cham, 2017. p. 149-171. ZILLI, J. E.; RUMJANEK, N. G.; XAVIER, G. R.; COUTINHO, H. L. C.; NEVES, M. C. P. Diversidade microbiana como indicador de qualidade do solo. 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Bacterial diversity in soils cultivated with cover crops under no-tillage and conventional tillage in the organic production unit
title Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
spellingShingle Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima
Diversidade microbiana
Gene rrs
Sequenciamento de Nova Gera??o
Microbial diversity
rrs gene
Next-Generation Sequencing
Agronomia
title_short Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
title_full Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
title_fullStr Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
title_full_unstemmed Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
title_sort Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica
author Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima
author_facet Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Coelho, Irene da Silva
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv 044.355.796-93
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Zonta, Everaldo
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID.fl_str_mv 585.444.029-68
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Coelho, Irene da Silva
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Coelho, Marcia Reed Rouws
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Schultz, Nivaldo
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv 346.373.138-05
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-0472
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/2232142901960029
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Sant'Anna, Gustavo Souza Lima
contributor_str_mv Coelho, Irene da Silva
Zonta, Everaldo
Coelho, Irene da Silva
Coelho, Marcia Reed Rouws
Schultz, Nivaldo
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Diversidade microbiana
Gene rrs
Sequenciamento de Nova Gera??o
topic Diversidade microbiana
Gene rrs
Sequenciamento de Nova Gera??o
Microbial diversity
rrs gene
Next-Generation Sequencing
Agronomia
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Microbial diversity
rrs gene
Next-Generation Sequencing
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv Agronomia
description An alternative to the Conventional Tillage (CT) for promoting higher conservation of agricultural soils is the adoption of No-tillage (NT). In this context, cover crops are fundamental in the production of straw and release nutrients in the soil, directly influencing microbial populations. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the bacterial diversity in soils under CT and NT with different cover plants in an organic production unit in the municipality of Serop?dica-RJ, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with two plots (CT and NT) with four replications. The black oat was sown in the total area. When the cut point was reached, the black oat was incorporated or maintained on the soil surface. Then, the corn was sown in all plots. The soil was collected in the initial time, after the black oat and after corn harvesting in a depth of 0-5 cm. Experiment II was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 6) with subdivided plots, with 2 plots of CT and NT, 6 subplots with cover plants (pearl millet, sunn hemp, jack beans, cocktail 1 and cocktail 2, using 100 and 50 % of the recommended amount for each species, respectively, and spontaneous plants), with 4 repetitions. The soil was collected after the cultivation of cover plants at a depth of 0-5 cm. Chemical characterization and extraction of total soil DNA were carried out for the sequencing of the Bacteria rrs gene. In experiment I, between the initial characterization and the corn crops in CT and NT, an increase in the phosphorus content and a decrease in carbon, an increase in the alpha-diversity indexes and a change in the bacterial composition was observed, mainly in relation to the candidate for division WPS-1, which had an increased relative abundance, and the Micrococcaceae family, which showed a decrease in its relative abundance after conversion to the agricultural area. After corn, potassium was higher in CT, and Spartobacteria unclassified and Chitinophagaceae were more abundant than in NT. In experiment II, the cultivation of different cover crops did not promote changes in the soil's chemical attributes. The cultivation of spontaneous plants supported a higher bacterial alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp. Jack beans and cocktails 1 and 2 promoted a higher relative abundance of the Sphingomonadaceae and Bradyrhyzobiacae families. At the same time, spontaneous plants resulted in a higher relative abundance of unclassified bacteria and the Planctomycetaceae family. Therefore, the conversion from pasture area to agricultural production area led to an increase in diversity and alteration in the structure of the soil bacterial community. There was no difference in the alpha-diversity indexes between CT and NT, but the structure of the bacterial community was altered. Different cover plants promoted differences in the structure of the bacterial community, and spontaneous plants promoted a higher alpha-diversity index concerning sunn hemp.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2020-04-17
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2022-05-31T19:11:25Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SANT'ANNA, Gustavo Souza Lima. Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica. 2020. 60 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2020.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5720
identifier_str_mv SANT'ANNA, Gustavo Souza Lima. Diversidade bacteriana em solos cultivados com diferentes plantas de cobertura sob sistema plantio direto e convencional em unidade de produ??o org?nica. 2020. 60 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2020.
url https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5720
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
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Aggregate and soil organic matter dynamics under conventional and no-tillage systems. Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 63, n. 5, p. 1350-1358, 1999. SMITH, C. R.; BLAIR, P. L.; BOYD, C.; CODY,
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