Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5034 |
Resumo: | Morningglory is an annual plant reproduced by seeds. Seed germination occurs in streams during spring and summer making it difficult to control. Its occurrence has increased in soybean crops in southern states by the exclusive use of the herbicide glyphosate in weed control. This species has seed dormancy caused by impermeable to water, whose absorption is prevented by the seminal tegument. The possibility of using effective methods to overcome dormancy of seeds of bindweed would be ideal for studies of management of these species in agroecosystems as this would result in more uniform plant stands. This study aimed to: evaluate methods aimed at breaking dormancy of seeds of three species of morningglory, and investigate whether there are differences in dormancy between species of this weed (Chapter I); select alternative techniques in weed management prior to sowing of soybean by desiccation with glyphosate, alone and in combination with residual herbicides and selective culture, and also in post -emergency soybeans, with or without the application of glyphosate (Chapter II). In the experiment of scarification, sulfuric acid treatment (98%) resulted in increases in germination varies according to the species examined. Ipomoea undivided was less sensitive to treatment, for Ipomoea triloba, soaking the seeds for 10min in H2SO4 showed better germination. Already in Ipomoea purpurea, the response was linear and the best germination of this species occurred in time of 20min. Mechanical scarification enhanced germination of three species, because it promotes a break in the integument allowing more water uptake by seed. Soaking in KNO3 (0.2% v/v) promoted germination below 40% for the three species to morningglory. Seed exposure to radiation Ipomoea triloba ultrasound for 45 and 60 min resulted in germination percentage above 70%, but for Ipomoea purpurea and Ipomoea indivisa germination was below 50%. The results of experiment management of morningglory showed that the treatments applied in the pre-drying in soybean planting this species is not adequately controlled, controlling less than 80%. But the assessment at 14 DAT, treatments T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam) and T2 (glyphosate + clorimuron) controlled respectively 88 and 86%. In general, the highest grain yields were obtained when combining the treatments of drying with application of glyphosate V2 and V5 stages of soybeans, or just in V5, except for T1 (glyphosate - 720) and T4 (glyphosate + imazethapyr - 720 + 90). T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam - 720 + 25.2) stood out positively desiccation on pre-seeding, controlling the flow of seedling emergence in morningglory (81% at 28 DAT) and also in productivity grains (3.116 kg ha-1) when it was applied post-emergence glyphosate in soybeans. The application of the herbicide glyphosate has shown effective results in the management of morningglory. Therefore, it is necessary the use of combined applications of herbicides. The integrated management of weeds must not dismiss the use of herbicides, but control of the morningglory in soybean requires a management that includes addition of chemical control, several cultural practices, and therefore will require more investment by the producer but to have a greater return due to increased profitability. |
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2017-05-162017-05-162010-07-09PINHEIRO, Rodrigo Trindade. Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato. 2010. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5034Morningglory is an annual plant reproduced by seeds. Seed germination occurs in streams during spring and summer making it difficult to control. Its occurrence has increased in soybean crops in southern states by the exclusive use of the herbicide glyphosate in weed control. This species has seed dormancy caused by impermeable to water, whose absorption is prevented by the seminal tegument. The possibility of using effective methods to overcome dormancy of seeds of bindweed would be ideal for studies of management of these species in agroecosystems as this would result in more uniform plant stands. This study aimed to: evaluate methods aimed at breaking dormancy of seeds of three species of morningglory, and investigate whether there are differences in dormancy between species of this weed (Chapter I); select alternative techniques in weed management prior to sowing of soybean by desiccation with glyphosate, alone and in combination with residual herbicides and selective culture, and also in post -emergency soybeans, with or without the application of glyphosate (Chapter II). In the experiment of scarification, sulfuric acid treatment (98%) resulted in increases in germination varies according to the species examined. Ipomoea undivided was less sensitive to treatment, for Ipomoea triloba, soaking the seeds for 10min in H2SO4 showed better germination. Already in Ipomoea purpurea, the response was linear and the best germination of this species occurred in time of 20min. Mechanical scarification enhanced germination of three species, because it promotes a break in the integument allowing more water uptake by seed. Soaking in KNO3 (0.2% v/v) promoted germination below 40% for the three species to morningglory. Seed exposure to radiation Ipomoea triloba ultrasound for 45 and 60 min resulted in germination percentage above 70%, but for Ipomoea purpurea and Ipomoea indivisa germination was below 50%. The results of experiment management of morningglory showed that the treatments applied in the pre-drying in soybean planting this species is not adequately controlled, controlling less than 80%. But the assessment at 14 DAT, treatments T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam) and T2 (glyphosate + clorimuron) controlled respectively 88 and 86%. In general, the highest grain yields were obtained when combining the treatments of drying with application of glyphosate V2 and V5 stages of soybeans, or just in V5, except for T1 (glyphosate - 720) and T4 (glyphosate + imazethapyr - 720 + 90). T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam - 720 + 25.2) stood out positively desiccation on pre-seeding, controlling the flow of seedling emergence in morningglory (81% at 28 DAT) and also in productivity grains (3.116 kg ha-1) when it was applied post-emergence glyphosate in soybeans. The application of the herbicide glyphosate has shown effective results in the management of morningglory. Therefore, it is necessary the use of combined applications of herbicides. The integrated management of weeds must not dismiss the use of herbicides, but control of the morningglory in soybean requires a management that includes addition of chemical control, several cultural practices, and therefore will require more investment by the producer but to have a greater return due to increased profitability.A germinação das sementes de cordas-de-viola ocorre em fluxos durante a primavera e verão dificultando seu controle. As sementes apresentam dormência causada principalmente pela impermeabilidade do tegumento seminal à água. A possibilidade de se utilizar métodos eficazes na superação da dormência de sementes de cordas-de-viola é importante em estudos de manejo de Ipomoea spp. em agroecossistemas, pois resultaria em populações mais uniformes. Este trabalho teve por objetivos: (i) avaliar métodos capazes de superar a dormência de sementes de três espécies de cordas-de-viola e investigar se há diferenças na dormência entre as espécies desta planta daninha (Capítulo I) e (ii) selecionar alternativas de controle de cordas-de-viola antecedendo a semeadura da soja RR® através da dessecação com o herbicida glifosato, aplicado isolado e em associação com herbicidas residuais seletivos à cultura; e também em pós-emergência da soja RR®, com ou sem a aplicação do glifosato (Capítulo II). No experimento I (superação de dormência de sementes de cordas-de-viola), o tratamento com ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) à 98 % resultou em incrementos na germinação das sementes variando de acordo com a espécie analisada. Ipomoea indivisa foi a espécie menos sensível ao tratamento; enquanto que em Ipomoea triloba , a imersão das sementes por 10min em H2SO4 apresentou melhor germinação. Já, em Ipomoea purpurea, a resposta foi linear e a maior percentagem de germinação ocorreu no tempo de 20min. A escarificação mecânica do tegumento seminal favoreceu a germinação das três espécies, pois promoveu uma ruptura no tegumento permitindo melhor embebição de água pela semente; enquanto que a imersão das sementes das três espécies de corda-de-viola em nitrato de potássio (KNO3) a 0,2% v/v, proporcionou germinações inferiores a 40 %. A exposição das sementes de Ipomoea triloba à radiação de ultrasom por 45 e 60min resultou em germinações das sementes maiores que 70%; porém para Ipomoea indivisa e Ipomoea purpúrea, a germinação foi inferior a 50%. Os resultados do experimento de manejo de cordas-de-viola em soja RR® (Capítulo II) mostraram que os tratamentos aplicados na dessecação em pré-semeadura da soja RR não controlaram satisfatoriamente esta planta daninha, com controles em geral inferiores 80 %; exceto nos tratamentos com as combinações de glifosato (720 g e.a. ha-1) com diclosulam (25,2 g i.a. ha-1) e glifosato (720 g e.a. ha-1) com clorimuron (20 g i.a. ha-1), onde os controles foram acima de 85%. Em geral, as maiores produtividades de grãos foram obtidas quando se associou os tratamentos de dessecação com a aplicação de glifosato em pós-emergência da soja RR nos estádios V2 e V5 ou apenas em V5; exceto para os tratamentos glifosato (720 g e.a. ha-1) e a combinação de glifosato (720 g e.a. ha-1) com imazetapir (90 g i.a. ha-1). O manejo de plantas daninhas em soja RR® não deve descartar o uso de herbicidas, porém o controle de cordas-de-viola necessita que se integre além do controle químico, outras práticas culturais, e consequentemente serão necessários mais investimentos pelo produtor, mas que terá retorno em função do aumento da rentabilidade por área.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicoapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaUFSMBRAgronomiaGlycine maxDessecaçãoEscarificaçãoGerminaçãoGlycine maxDesiccationScarificationGerminationCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIASuperação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosatoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisMachado, Sérgio Luiz de Oliveirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780229P3Bianchi, Mario Antoniohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723265J7Menezes, Nilson Lemos dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788277Y1http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4167033D7Pinheiro, Rodrigo Trindade500100000009400500300500500e60531fa-cb8f-416b-b6ca-73f0fb0c0428d909a0b5-45bc-47e2-a28d-db3a303dba177f10902a-bd96-4bb0-a177-78749e402e4d88d45411-7bc7-4c44-96c9-c239757cb970info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALPINHEIRO, RODRIGO TRINDADE.pdfapplication/pdf1899058http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5034/1/PINHEIRO%2c%20RODRIGO%20TRINDADE.pdfce10a97813af68950f064c6ef5e96ebaMD51TEXTPINHEIRO, RODRIGO TRINDADE.pdf.txtPINHEIRO, RODRIGO TRINDADE.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain114821http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5034/2/PINHEIRO%2c%20RODRIGO%20TRINDADE.pdf.txt775141606274041a28a6c8b90969dd5fMD52THUMBNAILPINHEIRO, RODRIGO TRINDADE.pdf.jpgPINHEIRO, RODRIGO TRINDADE.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5213http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5034/3/PINHEIRO%2c%20RODRIGO%20TRINDADE.pdf.jpg9cd5fea292d66ecb35f4501d62cee332MD531/50342017-07-25 11:13:21.56oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/5034Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132017-07-25T14:13:21Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
title |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
spellingShingle |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato Pinheiro, Rodrigo Trindade Glycine max Dessecação Escarificação Germinação Glycine max Desiccation Scarification Germination CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
title_full |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
title_fullStr |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
title_full_unstemmed |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
title_sort |
Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato |
author |
Pinheiro, Rodrigo Trindade |
author_facet |
Pinheiro, Rodrigo Trindade |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Machado, Sérgio Luiz de Oliveira |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780229P3 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Bianchi, Mario Antonio |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723265J7 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Menezes, Nilson Lemos de |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788277Y1 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4167033D7 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pinheiro, Rodrigo Trindade |
contributor_str_mv |
Machado, Sérgio Luiz de Oliveira Bianchi, Mario Antonio Menezes, Nilson Lemos de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Glycine max Dessecação Escarificação Germinação |
topic |
Glycine max Dessecação Escarificação Germinação Glycine max Desiccation Scarification Germination CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Glycine max Desiccation Scarification Germination |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Morningglory is an annual plant reproduced by seeds. Seed germination occurs in streams during spring and summer making it difficult to control. Its occurrence has increased in soybean crops in southern states by the exclusive use of the herbicide glyphosate in weed control. This species has seed dormancy caused by impermeable to water, whose absorption is prevented by the seminal tegument. The possibility of using effective methods to overcome dormancy of seeds of bindweed would be ideal for studies of management of these species in agroecosystems as this would result in more uniform plant stands. This study aimed to: evaluate methods aimed at breaking dormancy of seeds of three species of morningglory, and investigate whether there are differences in dormancy between species of this weed (Chapter I); select alternative techniques in weed management prior to sowing of soybean by desiccation with glyphosate, alone and in combination with residual herbicides and selective culture, and also in post -emergency soybeans, with or without the application of glyphosate (Chapter II). In the experiment of scarification, sulfuric acid treatment (98%) resulted in increases in germination varies according to the species examined. Ipomoea undivided was less sensitive to treatment, for Ipomoea triloba, soaking the seeds for 10min in H2SO4 showed better germination. Already in Ipomoea purpurea, the response was linear and the best germination of this species occurred in time of 20min. Mechanical scarification enhanced germination of three species, because it promotes a break in the integument allowing more water uptake by seed. Soaking in KNO3 (0.2% v/v) promoted germination below 40% for the three species to morningglory. Seed exposure to radiation Ipomoea triloba ultrasound for 45 and 60 min resulted in germination percentage above 70%, but for Ipomoea purpurea and Ipomoea indivisa germination was below 50%. The results of experiment management of morningglory showed that the treatments applied in the pre-drying in soybean planting this species is not adequately controlled, controlling less than 80%. But the assessment at 14 DAT, treatments T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam) and T2 (glyphosate + clorimuron) controlled respectively 88 and 86%. In general, the highest grain yields were obtained when combining the treatments of drying with application of glyphosate V2 and V5 stages of soybeans, or just in V5, except for T1 (glyphosate - 720) and T4 (glyphosate + imazethapyr - 720 + 90). T3 (glyphosate + diclosulam - 720 + 25.2) stood out positively desiccation on pre-seeding, controlling the flow of seedling emergence in morningglory (81% at 28 DAT) and also in productivity grains (3.116 kg ha-1) when it was applied post-emergence glyphosate in soybeans. The application of the herbicide glyphosate has shown effective results in the management of morningglory. Therefore, it is necessary the use of combined applications of herbicides. The integrated management of weeds must not dismiss the use of herbicides, but control of the morningglory in soybean requires a management that includes addition of chemical control, several cultural practices, and therefore will require more investment by the producer but to have a greater return due to increased profitability. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2010-07-09 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-16 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-16 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
PINHEIRO, Rodrigo Trindade. Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato. 2010. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5034 |
identifier_str_mv |
PINHEIRO, Rodrigo Trindade. Superação da dormência de sementes e controle químico de cordas-de-viola (ipomoea spp.) em soja resistente ao glifosato. 2010. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5034 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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