Genomic epidemiology of a national outbreak of post-surgical Mycobacterium abscessus wound infections in Brazil

• Autor(a) principal: Everall, Izzy
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Outros Autores: Nogueira, Christiane Lourenco [UNIFESP], Bryant, Josephine M., Sanchez-Buso, Leonor, Chimara, Erica, Duarte, Rafael da Silva, Ramos, Jesus Pais, Batista Lima, Karla Valeria, Lopes, Maria Luiza, Palaci, Moises, Kipnis, Andre, Monego, Fernanda, Andres Floto, R., Parkhill, Julian, Leao, Sylvia Cardoso [UNIFESP], Harris, Simon R.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• dARK ID: ark:/48912/001300000hd1c
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000111; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/54697
• topic: Mycobacterium abscessus; transmission; nosocomial infections; outbreak; Genomic epidemiology

An epidemic of post-surgical wound infections, caused by a non-tuberculous mycobacterium, has been on-going in Brazil. It has been unclear whether one or multiple lineages are responsible and whether their wide geographical distribution across Brazil is due to spread from a single point source or is the result of human-mediated transmission. 188 isolates, collected from nine Brazilian states, were whole genome sequenced and analysed using phylogenetic and comparative genomic approaches. The isolates from Brazil formed a single clade, which was estimated to have emerged in 2003. We observed temporal and geographic structure within the lineage that enabled us to infer the movement of sub-lineages across Brazil. The genome size of the Brazilian lineage was reduced relative to most strains in the three subspecies of Mycobacterium abscessus and contained a novel plasmid, pMAB02, in addition to the previously described pMAB01 plasmid. One lineage, which emerged just prior to the initial outbreak, is responsible for the epidemic of post-surgical wound infections in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that multiple transmission events led to its spread. The presence of a novel plasmid and the reduced genome size suggest that the lineage has undergone adaptation to the surgical niche.