Prevalência e fatores associados à dislipidemia em idosos de Viçosa/MG

• Main Author: Souza, Jacqueline Danesio de
• Publication Date: 2014
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Download full: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2788
• topic: Nutrição; Dislipidemia; Idosos; Nutrition; Dyslipidemia; Senior citizens; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Population aging is one of the biggest challenges for contemporary public health. Become prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and its complications, such as loss of autonomy and functional independence, which in addition to demand it higher costs for health services , require a reordering of its priority actions. The high consumption of fat, saturated fatty acids, low in dietary fiber and unsaturated fats are characteristics of the dietary behavior of elderly contributing to the increase in different types of dyslipidemia in this population parcel. Knowledge of dietary profile of the elderly population and their nutritional status , it is necessary for a better understanding of the issues associated with changes in eating behavior and the different types of dyslipidemia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of different types of dyslipidemia and its associated factors in elderly patients in the Family Health Strategy of Viçosa (MG). The sample included 402 participants attended the Family Health Strategy, Viçosa (MG), to which a questionnaire with socio- demographic, behavioral and lifestyle information was applied. Two 24-hour dietary intake recalls were applied, one related to a day of the week and other weekend. Blood sample was collected to obtain the lipid fractions, and weight were measured, height, waist circumference and body fat percentage. The ANOVA test was performed to test differences in continuous variables between tertiles and used the chi-square test for linear trend to compare proportions between food consumption and categorical variables. A bivariate analysis was performed to identify the association between the explanatory variables of interest (gender,age) and response types (dyslipidemia) variable. In this step multiple linear regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with changes in each of the selected lipid fractions. Factors independently associated with increased levels of total cholesterol were the presence of sedentary behavior, high body fat percentage, waist-high height and larger waist circumference. The consumption of alcoholic beverages and a greater waist-hip ratio, remained independently associated with decreased levels of high density lipoprotein. The high waist circumference was independently associated with high levels of values of low-density lipoprotein. The value of increased triglycerides was independently associated with higher waist- hip ratio, higher body mass index and smoking. Regarding the characterization of the study sample with respect to the type of dyslipidemia presented statistically significant relationship was established between the female and the presence of isolated hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia, and 66.3 % and 77.2 %, respectively. It was observed that the presence of low HDL - coleterol increased significantly with increasing age of the elderly, while in other types of dyslipidemia has not been possible to establish such an association. With regard to food consumption, have statistical association with acorrência low HDL - cholesterol, high intake of carbohydrates, protein and sodium. Modifiable risk factors associated with a lipid profile changes should be prioritized among the actions to be considered in structuring health programs for the elderly.