Adubações orgânica, mineral e organomineral no crescimento, produção e qualidade de frutos da mangueira 'ubá'

• Autor(a) principal: Borges, Karina Schulz
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4627
• topic: Nutrição da mangueira; Análises físicoquimicas; Polpa; Nutrition hose; Physicochemical analyzes; Pulp; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais is known for the cultivation of mango 'Uba' due to its suitable climate. The majority of the production is meant for agrobusiness as organic and conventional pulp. Most orchards, however, are managed as backyards without profound cultural treatments. The fertilization of mango trees is one of the major weaknesses of the management and influences the large variation of fruit production over the years. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the mango trees 'Uba' to mineral, organic and organic-mineral fertilizers in relation to the growth, production and fruit quality. The experiment was installed in 2007 with randomized blocks as experimental design and the application of four fertilization treatments: 1) TEST - control (only planting fertilization), 2) MIN - mineral fertilizer suitable for the culture, 3) ORG - organic manure equivalent to mineral fertilization and 4) ORM - organic-mineral fertilizer (half of mineral fertilizer and half of organic manure). Were determined properties of vegetative growth (diameter and height), production (kg/plant) and physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits: fresh pulp yield, pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), ratio SS/AT and ascorbic acid. During the last two years the plants grown without fertilization showed similar properties of vegetative growth to those grown with fertilizers. This may be due to the lower fruit production by the non fertilized plants, which invest more resources in vegetative growth. Unfertilized plants also showed significant in fruit production. The fruits of ORG and ORM treatments had higher fresh weight. Fruits of unfertilized plants showed averages of TA above the limit set by agroindustry. The SS/TA ratio was higher for fertilized plants, indicating a better quality of fruits in terms of flavor. The variables pH, SS and ascorbic acid did not differ between the treatments. We can conclude that unfertilized plants produce mangos with lower quality. Fertilization is a determining factor for the production of mango 'Uba'. No difference was found between organic and mineral fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers can be partially or totally replaced by organic fertilizers.