Obtenção de extratos de carotenoides de polpa de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) encapsulados pelo método de secagem em camada de espuma

• Autor(a) principal: Pinto, Marcos Roberto Moacir Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2922
• topic: Densidade de espuma; Emulsificante; Cinética de degradação; Índice de escurecimento; Pigmento; Foam density; Emulsifier; Degradation kinetics; Darkening index; Pigment; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS

Among typical species of the Cerrado, Caryocar brasiliense Camb., commonly known as pequi, is one of the most used by the local population. The orange color of the pulp is primarily caused by the presence of carotenoids, which are one of the principal classes of natural pigments. The objective of this work was to obtain encapsulated carotenoids of pequi pulp using the foam-mat drying method, and assess the influence of drying temperature on physical and chemical properties of the powdered extracts. Encapsulating emulsion liquid (carotenoids / water and the encapsulating-polymer maltodextrin) was used, stabilized by the surfactant. Foam stability was evaluated at different concentrations of emulsifier Emustab® (2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 %, 10.0 %) and a concentration of 5.0 % was selected as the lowest concentration permitting maximum foam stability at the lowest density. For drying foam at 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C and 90 °C, the drying times were 4.2 h, 3.5 h, 2.8 h, 1.9 h, respectively. Drying at 60 °C guaranteed the greatest carotenoid content in the final product. X-ray diffraction analysis was done on encapsulated carotenoid powder and the results showed more crystalline regions when compared to pure maltodextrine. In relation to the chromatic characters L* and a*, b*, C* and IE, a significant effect (p<0.05) was found only for the chromatic characteristic L*, with chemical evidence of greater darkening for temperatures of 80 °C and 90 °C. We conclude that, between the temperatures 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C and 90 °C for obtaining encapsulated carotenoid powder by the foam-mat drying method, 60 °C is preferred because it allows better chromatic characteristics and greater carotenoid conservation.