Síndrome de Burnout e sua relação com condições de trabalho, estado nutricional e de saúde em professores do ensino médio estadual

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes Júnior, Luiz Carlos
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2737
• topic: Condições de trabalho; Síndrome de Burnout; Estado nutricional; Working conditions; Burnout syndrome; Nutritional status; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of occurrence of burnout syndrome in high school teachers statewide, in Viçosa - MG, and its correlation with the working conditions, health and nutritional status of these teachers. In addition to identifying the signs of the syndrome, we sought to evaluate the environmental, technological and organizational workplace, nutritional status and health of teachers. We conducted an epidemiological study qualitative and quantitative, cross-sectional sample was 100 teachers, who subsequently underwent changes due to the difficulty of scheduling and availability of the volunteers. For sample characterization we used a questionnaire and demographic information about work and health of research participants. The assessment of working conditions was made by means of ergonomic work analysis proposed by Guerin (2001). Were also carried out noise, temperature and relative humidity measurements. Noise was evaluated using a sound pressure level DEC 460, while lighting, temperature and relative humidity were assessed through a digital thermo-higro-anemometer luxmeter. Evaluated were pain complaints by questionnaire, using the body chart proposed by Corlett & Manenica (1980), and the height reached by the arm above the head to identify the vertical reach of the hand necessary for the writing table in the room class. The risks for musculoskeletal disorders from workrelated upper limb were evaluated by means of check-list proposed by Couto (2000). The shifts made during the working day were recorded by pedometer. We identified the burden of teaching materials transported by teachers at work using a digital scale accurate to 5 g. The presence of burnout syndrome was assessed by applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory, with a version translated into portuguese. The weight and body composition were assessed by bioimpedance bipolar and its height measured using a portable anthropometer. The body mass index was used to classify nutritional status, according to data obtained from weight and height, and the fat percentage estimated according to the manual of the equipment manufacturer. The waist perimeter runs obtained by measuring the waist at the midpoint was used to identify metabolic risks associated with obesity. To assess the quality dietary survey was conducted the frequency of food consumption. In biochemical evaluation, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and full blood count were evaluated by means of biochemistry laboratory. For clinical evaluation was performed to evaluate blood pressure through blood pressure gauge, certified by the Brazilian Society of Hypertension, and the evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk based on Framingham risk score. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 17.0 software, Minitab 14.0, Epi Info 6.0 and Excel 2007. Tests were used: Kolmogorov-Smirnov, chi-square, Fisher and Mann-Whitney test. The Spearman correlation was observed using a qualitative assessment of Callegari-Jacques (2003). In the sample found a prevalence of female teachers, with a mean of 40.4 ± 10.4 years, mostly married with children. Less than half of teachers or 46% showed complete specialization, while 40% do not have post-graduation. About 50% were under 10 years of service, and more than half were effective through public tender. More than half of teachers ministered over 18 weekly classes. The health check-ups showed a higher prevalence among women. Hoarseness after the work was reported mainly among women. The number of days leave to health care among women showed a decrease in the years 2008 and 2009. Noise, lighting, air humidity and temperature prevailed with inappropriate values in the classroom. The moisture had a strong correlation with temperature. The presence of lower limb pain was especially high among women. The risk for musculoskeletal disorders in upper limbs was not statistically significant. Among teachers evaluated, we identified an average distance of 1.43 + 0.5 km, with an average of 2281.9 + 878.3 steps in a work shift. The median transport weight reached 4,340 kg and burnout syndrome had a high score for depersonalization especially among men. Emotional exhaustion showed a statistically significant positive association with the fact that teachers have graduate and the number of classes over 18. Depersonalization was associated in both sexes. The regular noise correlated withe motional exhaustion, which also correlated with depersonalization regular and weak correlation with personal accomplishment. The age and length of service correlated with regular depersonalization, while the number of weekly classes correlated with emotional exhaustion on a regular basis. It is notable prevalence of overweight among men. Waist circumference and BMI were strongly correlated among them, besides regular correlation with the percentage of fat. Unhealthy BMI was associated with inadequate waist circumference and body fat percentage. As for food habits, there is among teachers regular consumption of fruits, vegetables, milk, rice, beans, bread and coffee. Association was found between sex and HDL-C in women showed higher frequencies of fitness than men, as did the relationship LDL-c/HDL-c. The prevalence of 8.6% of hypertension among teachers. Waist circumference showed greater distribution to very increased risk among women, which includes a potential risk group for cardiovascular disease due to accumulation of body fat located in the abdominal region. BMI change and the level of HDL-C were associated with inappropriate high level of depersonalization. Therefore, it was found that the burnout syndrome was present among the teachers in this study, especially regarding the item depersonalization, had the attention of government officials and schools, and teachers themselves. The health and nutritional status was inadequate in the sample plots, requiring a larger health care. The environmental conditions, organization and technology must be followed to maintain proper working conditions with teachers, with attention being paid to physical and mental health in the workplace.