Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Montes, Guilherme Carneiro
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Bem, Graziele Freitas de, Fontes-Dantas, Fabrícia Lima
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Research, Society and Development
Texto Completo: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38884
Resumo: Responses to drugs are influenced by multiple factors, including health status, environmental influences, and genetic characteristics. The bioavailability of a drug can vary widely among individuals with a similar weight under the same drug dosage, which might result in toxicity and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Genetic polymorphisms are known causes of interindividual differences in disease risk and treatment response in humans. In fact, a relevant number of associations between human genetic variants and predisposition to adverse events were described for diverse kinds of drug interactions, involving hundreds of proteins like receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes. In this way, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics emerged aiming to determine the genetic component responsible for drug response. A particular attention is showed if a treatment benefits (or harms) a particular subgroup, considering the interaction between treatment and genetic background. In this scenario, researchers have focused on better understanding personalized medicine, which holds the potential to maximize drug efficiency and minimize toxic effects. This review aims to introduce some principles, perspectives, and clinical applications of pharmacogenetics, emphasizing important findings and clinical applications that may contribute to therapeutical improvement.
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spelling Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapyFarmacogenómica: una oportunidad para una farmacoterapia más segura y eficienteFarmacogenômica: uma oportunidade para uma farmacoterapia mais segura e eficientePharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsAdverse drug reactionsGenetic polymorphismsPersonalized medicine.Polimorfismos genéticosFarmacogenéticaFarmacogenômicaReações adversas a medicamentosMedicina personalizada.Polimorfismos genéticosFarmacogenéticaFarmacogenómicaLas reacciones adversas a medicamentosMedicina personalizada.Responses to drugs are influenced by multiple factors, including health status, environmental influences, and genetic characteristics. The bioavailability of a drug can vary widely among individuals with a similar weight under the same drug dosage, which might result in toxicity and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Genetic polymorphisms are known causes of interindividual differences in disease risk and treatment response in humans. In fact, a relevant number of associations between human genetic variants and predisposition to adverse events were described for diverse kinds of drug interactions, involving hundreds of proteins like receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes. In this way, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics emerged aiming to determine the genetic component responsible for drug response. A particular attention is showed if a treatment benefits (or harms) a particular subgroup, considering the interaction between treatment and genetic background. In this scenario, researchers have focused on better understanding personalized medicine, which holds the potential to maximize drug efficiency and minimize toxic effects. This review aims to introduce some principles, perspectives, and clinical applications of pharmacogenetics, emphasizing important findings and clinical applications that may contribute to therapeutical improvement.  Las respuestas a las drogas están influenciadas por múltiples factores, incluido el estado de salud, las influencias ambientales y las características genéticas. La biodisponibilidad de un fármaco puede variar ampliamente entre individuos de peso similar bajo la misma cantidad de fármaco, lo que puede provocar toxicidad y reacciones adversas a drogas (RADs). Los polimorfismos genéticos son causas conocidas de las diferencias interindividuales en el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades y la respuesta al tratamiento farmacológico. Se ha descrito un número relevante de asociaciones entre variantes genéticas humanas y predisposición a los eventos adversos para diferentes tipos de interacciones medicamentosas, involucrando a las proteinas como receptores, transportadores y enzimas metabolizadoras. Así, la Farmacogenética y la Farmacogenómica surgieron con el objetivo de determinar el componente genético responsable de la respuesta a las drogas. Se presta la debida atención a si un tratamiento beneficia (o perjudica) a un subgrupo de personas, considerando una interacción entre el tratamiento y los antecedentes genéticos de la población. En este escenario, los investigadores se han centrado en comprender mejor la medicina personalizada que tiene el potencial de maximizar la eficacia de las drogas y minimizar los efectos tóxicos. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo presentar algunos principios, perspectivas y aplicaciones clínicas de la farmacogenética, enfatizando hallazgos importantes y aplicaciones clínicas que pueden contribuir a la mejora terapéutica.As respostas aos fármacos são influenciadas por múltiplos fatores, incluindo estado de saúde, influências ambientais e características genéticas. A biodisponibilidade de um fármaco pode variar amplamente entre indivíduos com peso semelhante sob a mesma quantidade de fármaco, o que pode resultar em toxicidade e reações adversas aos fármacos (RAFs). Polimorfismos genéticos são causas conhecidas para as diferenças interindividuais no risco para desenvolvimento de doenças e na resposta ao tratamento farmacológico. Um número relevante de associações entre variantes genéticas humanas e predisposição aos eventos adversos tem sido descrito para diferentes tipos de interações medicamentosas, envolvendo centenas de proteínas tais como receptores, transportadores e enzimas metabolizadoras. Dessa forma, a Farmacogenética e a Farmacogenômica surgiram com o objetivo de determinar o componente genético responsável pela resposta aos fármacos. Uma atenção é dada para se um tratamento beneficia (ou prejudica) um determinado subgrupo de pessoas, considerando uma interação entre o tratamento e o histórico genético da população. Nesse cenário, os pesquisadores têm se concentrado em entender melhor a medicina personalizada que tem o potencial de maximizar uma eficiência dos fármacos e minimizar os efeitos tóxicos. Esta revisão visa apresentar alguns princípios, perspectivas e aplicações clínicas da farmacogenética, enfatizando achados importantes e aplicações clínicas que podem contribuir para o aprimoramento terapêutico.Research, Society and Development2022-12-19info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/3888410.33448/rsd-v11i17.38884Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 No. 17; e44111738884Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 Núm. 17; e44111738884Research, Society and Development; v. 11 n. 17; e441117388842525-3409reponame:Research, Society and Developmentinstname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)instacron:UNIFEIenghttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38884/32045Copyright (c) 2022 Guilherme Carneiro Montes; Graziele Freitas de Bem; Fabrícia Lima Fontes-Dantashttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMontes, Guilherme Carneiro Bem, Graziele Freitas de Fontes-Dantas, Fabrícia Lima 2022-12-28T13:53:48Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/38884Revistahttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/indexPUBhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/oairsd.articles@gmail.com2525-34092525-3409opendoar:2024-01-17T09:52:23.970232Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
Farmacogenómica: una oportunidad para una farmacoterapia más segura y eficiente
Farmacogenômica: uma oportunidade para uma farmacoterapia mais segura e eficiente
title Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
spellingShingle Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
Montes, Guilherme Carneiro
Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenomics
Adverse drug reactions
Genetic polymorphisms
Personalized medicine.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenômica
Reações adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenómica
Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
title_short Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
title_full Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
title_fullStr Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
title_sort Pharmacogenomics: an opportunity for safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
author Montes, Guilherme Carneiro
author_facet Montes, Guilherme Carneiro
Bem, Graziele Freitas de
Fontes-Dantas, Fabrícia Lima
author_role author
author2 Bem, Graziele Freitas de
Fontes-Dantas, Fabrícia Lima
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Montes, Guilherme Carneiro
Bem, Graziele Freitas de
Fontes-Dantas, Fabrícia Lima
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenomics
Adverse drug reactions
Genetic polymorphisms
Personalized medicine.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenômica
Reações adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenómica
Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
topic Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenomics
Adverse drug reactions
Genetic polymorphisms
Personalized medicine.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenômica
Reações adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
Polimorfismos genéticos
Farmacogenética
Farmacogenómica
Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos
Medicina personalizada.
description Responses to drugs are influenced by multiple factors, including health status, environmental influences, and genetic characteristics. The bioavailability of a drug can vary widely among individuals with a similar weight under the same drug dosage, which might result in toxicity and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Genetic polymorphisms are known causes of interindividual differences in disease risk and treatment response in humans. In fact, a relevant number of associations between human genetic variants and predisposition to adverse events were described for diverse kinds of drug interactions, involving hundreds of proteins like receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes. In this way, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics emerged aiming to determine the genetic component responsible for drug response. A particular attention is showed if a treatment benefits (or harms) a particular subgroup, considering the interaction between treatment and genetic background. In this scenario, researchers have focused on better understanding personalized medicine, which holds the potential to maximize drug efficiency and minimize toxic effects. This review aims to introduce some principles, perspectives, and clinical applications of pharmacogenetics, emphasizing important findings and clinical applications that may contribute to therapeutical improvement.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-19
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38884
10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38884
url https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38884
identifier_str_mv 10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38884
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38884/32045
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Research, Society and Development
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Research, Society and Development
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 No. 17; e44111738884
Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 Núm. 17; e44111738884
Research, Society and Development; v. 11 n. 17; e44111738884
2525-3409
reponame:Research, Society and Development
instname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)
instacron:UNIFEI
instname_str Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)
instacron_str UNIFEI
institution UNIFEI
reponame_str Research, Society and Development
collection Research, Society and Development
repository.name.fl_str_mv Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv rsd.articles@gmail.com
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