Antimicrobial prescription and bacterial resistance in a Brazilian Intensive Care Unit

• Autor(a) principal: Collares Meirelles, Lucia
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Outros Autores: Milani Martins , Vera Lúcia, Pilger, Diogo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng
• Título da fonte: Revista de Epidemiologia e Controle de Infecção
• Texto Completo: https://online.unisc.br/seer/index.php/epidemiologia/article/view/19024
• topic: Antibacterianos, Farmacorresistencia Microbiana, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Prueba de Laboratorio; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Intensive Care Units, Laboratory Test; Antibacterianos, Resistência microbiana a medicamentos, Unidade de terapia intensiva, Testes laboratoriais.

Background and Objectives: antimicrobial resistance is one of the main public health concerns worldwide. Intensive Care Units have a high prevalence of resistant microorganisms and infections, and the rational use of antibiotics is one of the main strategies for tackling this problem. This work aimed to describe patterns associated with antimicrobial drugs as well as the resistance profile of microorganisms. Methods: an observational study was carried out using data from patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit who used antimicrobial agents. Results: respiratory and cardiological causes were the most frequent reasons for admission, with cephalosporins (29.02%), with penicillin (25.84%) and macrolides (16.10%) being the most used classes of antibiotics. The predominant microorganisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.98%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.44%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (11.83%). Urine cultures and tracheal aspirate were the culture tests with the highest growth of gram-negative microorganisms. Patients with bacteria isolated in tracheal aspirate had longer hospital stays; 20 patients had positive surveillance cultures; and the mortality rate found was 55.45%. Conclusion: the study combined the institution’s epidemiological profile with patient characteristics, isolated microorganisms and outcomes.