Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249385 |
Resumo: | Food production in sustainable agricultural systems is one of the main challenges of modern agriculture. Vegetable intercropping may be a strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, replacing monoculture systems. The objective is to identify the main emissions sources and to estimate GHG emissions of intercropping and monoculture production of collard greens, New Zealand spinach and chicory. Four scenarios were evaluated: ICS – intercropping collard greens and spinach; MCS – monoculture collard greens and spinach; ICC – intercropping collard greens and chicory; MCC - monoculture collard greens and chicory. The boundaries’ reach from “cradle-to-gate” and the calculation of GHG emissions were performed using IPCC methodology and specific factors (Tier 2). The total GHG emitted was standardized as CO2 equivalent (CO2eq). The GHG emissions in ICS and ICC scenarios were approximately 31% lower than in MCS and MCC scenarios. Carbon footprint in ICS (0.030 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and ICC (0.033 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios were also lower than in MCS (0.082 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and MCC (0.071 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios. Fertilizers, fuel (diesel) and irrigation were the main contributing sources for total GHG emitted and carbon footprint in all evaluated scenarios. The results suggest that intercropping systems may reduce GHG emissions associated with the production of vegetables evaluated as compared with monoculture. |
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Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazilcarbon footprintdirect and indirect emissionsglobal warming potentialintercroppingvegetablesFood production in sustainable agricultural systems is one of the main challenges of modern agriculture. Vegetable intercropping may be a strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, replacing monoculture systems. The objective is to identify the main emissions sources and to estimate GHG emissions of intercropping and monoculture production of collard greens, New Zealand spinach and chicory. Four scenarios were evaluated: ICS – intercropping collard greens and spinach; MCS – monoculture collard greens and spinach; ICC – intercropping collard greens and chicory; MCC - monoculture collard greens and chicory. The boundaries’ reach from “cradle-to-gate” and the calculation of GHG emissions were performed using IPCC methodology and specific factors (Tier 2). The total GHG emitted was standardized as CO2 equivalent (CO2eq). The GHG emissions in ICS and ICC scenarios were approximately 31% lower than in MCS and MCC scenarios. Carbon footprint in ICS (0.030 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and ICC (0.033 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios were also lower than in MCS (0.082 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and MCC (0.071 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios. Fertilizers, fuel (diesel) and irrigation were the main contributing sources for total GHG emitted and carbon footprint in all evaluated scenarios. The results suggest that intercropping systems may reduce GHG emissions associated with the production of vegetables evaluated as compared with monoculture.College of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University - Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Rural Development Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)College of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University - Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)Pereira, Breno de Jesus [UNESP]Cecílio Filho, Arthur Bernardes [UNESP]La Scala, Newton [UNESP]Figueiredo, Eduardo Barretto de2023-07-29T15:14:40Z2023-07-29T15:14:40Z2022-11-02info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 13.1664-462Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/24938510.3389/fpls.2022.10153072-s2.0-85142179837Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengFrontiers in Plant Scienceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-06-07T13:56:55Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/249385Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:39:05.470261Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
title |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
spellingShingle |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil Pereira, Breno de Jesus [UNESP] carbon footprint direct and indirect emissions global warming potential intercropping vegetables |
title_short |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
title_full |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
title_sort |
Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of collard greens, spinach and chicory production systems in Southeast of Brazil |
author |
Pereira, Breno de Jesus [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Pereira, Breno de Jesus [UNESP] Cecílio Filho, Arthur Bernardes [UNESP] La Scala, Newton [UNESP] Figueiredo, Eduardo Barretto de |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Cecílio Filho, Arthur Bernardes [UNESP] La Scala, Newton [UNESP] Figueiredo, Eduardo Barretto de |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pereira, Breno de Jesus [UNESP] Cecílio Filho, Arthur Bernardes [UNESP] La Scala, Newton [UNESP] Figueiredo, Eduardo Barretto de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
carbon footprint direct and indirect emissions global warming potential intercropping vegetables |
topic |
carbon footprint direct and indirect emissions global warming potential intercropping vegetables |
description |
Food production in sustainable agricultural systems is one of the main challenges of modern agriculture. Vegetable intercropping may be a strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, replacing monoculture systems. The objective is to identify the main emissions sources and to estimate GHG emissions of intercropping and monoculture production of collard greens, New Zealand spinach and chicory. Four scenarios were evaluated: ICS – intercropping collard greens and spinach; MCS – monoculture collard greens and spinach; ICC – intercropping collard greens and chicory; MCC - monoculture collard greens and chicory. The boundaries’ reach from “cradle-to-gate” and the calculation of GHG emissions were performed using IPCC methodology and specific factors (Tier 2). The total GHG emitted was standardized as CO2 equivalent (CO2eq). The GHG emissions in ICS and ICC scenarios were approximately 31% lower than in MCS and MCC scenarios. Carbon footprint in ICS (0.030 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and ICC (0.033 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios were also lower than in MCS (0.082 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) and MCC (0.071 kg CO2eq kg-1 vegetables year-1) scenarios. Fertilizers, fuel (diesel) and irrigation were the main contributing sources for total GHG emitted and carbon footprint in all evaluated scenarios. The results suggest that intercropping systems may reduce GHG emissions associated with the production of vegetables evaluated as compared with monoculture. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-02 2023-07-29T15:14:40Z 2023-07-29T15:14:40Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307 Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 13. 1664-462X http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249385 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307 2-s2.0-85142179837 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249385 |
identifier_str_mv |
Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 13. 1664-462X 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015307 2-s2.0-85142179837 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808129344030113792 |