Estudo longitudinal sobre a prática de aleitamento materno e fatores associados ao desmame precoce

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Najara Barbosa [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Outros Autores: Garbin, Artênio José Isper [UNESP], Garbin, Cléa Adas Saliba [UNESP], Saliba, Orlando [UNESP], Moimaz, Suzely Adas Saliba [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.4034/pboci.2013.134.06; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/133404
• topic: Breastfeeding; Weaning; Longitudinal studies; Aleitamento materno; Desmame; Estudos longitudinais

Objective: Using a follow-up approach, the aims were to assess breastfeeding practice and to identify variables related to early weaning. Method: This research was a longitudinal prospective study involving 87 mother-baby pairs, from pregnancy up to the child’s six months of age. The pregnant women were interviewed and the children were monitored monthly for the following variables: breastfeeding pattern, non-nutritional sucking habits and causes for weaning. Exclusive and supplemented breastfeeding duration was assessed by means of survival analysis procedures and the effect of co-variables on breastfeeding duration was assessed by the Cox regression model, using the Bioestat 5.3 software. Results: Almost all mothers (n=82) started breastfeeding in the first month of the child’s life, but exclusive breasting was reported by only 52.4% of them. At the end of the sixth month no mother practiced exclusive breastfeeding and 48.8% of the children had been already weaned. Multivariate analysis showed association (p<0.05) between shorter exclusive breastfeeding duration and the following variables: alcoholic beverage ingestion (p=0.0056), lack of instructions during pregnancy regarding exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.0487) and difficulty on breastfeeding (p=0.0366). Shorter breastfeeding duration was associated with alcoholic beverage consumption (p=0.0104), difficulty on breastfeeding (p=0.0004), lack of family support (p=0.0004) and use of pacifiers (p=0.0463). Conclusion: There was low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and the weaning rate was high. The main variables were negatively associated with the breastfeeding duration, lack of guidance to the mothers and pacifier use. It is of utmost importance dentist’s participation to instruct the mothers as well as the follow up by health team to stimulate breastfeeding practice and avoid the introduction of artificial nipples (bottles or pacifiers) in this period.